WordNet

an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
any bundle of nerve fibers running to various organs and tissues of the body (同)nervus
caused by or altered by or manifesting disease or pathology; "diseased tonsils"; "a morbid growth"; "pathologic tissue"; "pathological bodily processes" (同)morbid, pathologic, pathological
a mixed nerve that supplies the pharynx and larynx and lungs and heart and esophagus and stomach and most of the abdominal viscera (同)vagus_nerve, nervus_vagus, pneumogastric, pneumogastric nerve, tenth_cranial_nerve, wandering nerve
control of your emotions; "this kind of tension is not good for my nerves"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(体の)『病気』,疾患 / (精神・道徳などの)病気,病弊
女性の話術芸人 =diseur
〈C〉『神経』 / 〈C〉《複数形で》『神経過敏』,いらだち / 〈U〉『勇気』,度胸(courage) / 〈U〉《時にa ~》厚かましさ,ずぶとさ;無礼 / 〈C〉葉脈;(昆虫の)翅脈(しみゃく) / 〈人,特に自分〉‘に'力を与える,‘を'元気づける
病気にかかった / 病的な,不健全な(morbid)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 神経系のライム病 nervous system lyme disease
2. 下肢末梢神経症候群の概要 overview of lower extremity peripheral nerve syndromes
3. ライム病の治療 treatment of lyme disease
4. 成人における第三脳神経（動眼神経）麻痺 third cranial nerve oculomotor nerve palsy in adults
5. 神経伝導検査の概要 overview of nerve conduction studies

English Journal

Role of enteric neurotransmission in host defense and protection of the gastrointestinal tract.

Sharkey KA1, Savidge TC2.Author information 1Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Electronic address: ksharkey@ucalgary.ca.2Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.AbstractHost defense is a vital role played by the gastrointestinal tract. As host to an enormous and diverse microbiome, the gut has evolved an elaborate array of chemical and physicals barriers that allow the digestion and absorption of nutrients without compromising the mammalian host. The control of such barrier functions requires the integration of neural, humoral, paracrine and immune signaling, involving redundant and overlapping mechanisms to ensure, under most circumstances, the integrity of the gastrointestinal epithelial barrier. Here we focus on selected recent developments in the autonomic neural control of host defense functions used in the protection of the gut from luminal agents, and discuss how the microbiota may potentially play a role in enteric neurotransmission. Key recent findings include: the important role played by subepithelial enteric glia in modulating intestinal barrier function, identification of stress-induced mechanisms evoking barrier breakdown, neural regulation of epithelial cell proliferation, the role of afferent and efferent vagal pathways in regulating barrier function, direct evidence for bacterial communication to the enteric nervous system, and microbial sources of enteric neurotransmitters. We discuss these new and interesting developments in our understanding of the role of the autonomic nervous system in gastrointestinal host defense.
Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical.Auton Neurosci.2014 Apr;181C:94-106. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2013.12.006. Epub 2013 Dec 22.
Host defense is a vital role played by the gastrointestinal tract. As host to an enormous and diverse microbiome, the gut has evolved an elaborate array of chemical and physicals barriers that allow the digestion and absorption of nutrients without compromising the mammalian host. The control of suc
PMID 24412639

Pneumonectomy for node-positive non-small cell lung cancer: can it be a treatment option for N2 disease?

Tanaka S1, Aoki M, Ishikawa H, Otake Y.Author information 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nishi-Kobe Medical Center, 1-7-5, Koji-dai, Nishi-Ku, Kobe, 651-2273, Japan, satonat@nmc-kobe.org.AbstractOBJECTIVE: The feasibility of multimodality therapy in patients with node-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) requiring pneumonectomy and the role of pneumonectomy in N2 disease remain controversial. This study evaluated outcomes in patients with node-positive NSCLC undergoing pneumonectomy in a community hospital.
General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.2014 Mar 1. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVE: The feasibility of multimodality therapy in patients with node-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) requiring pneumonectomy and the role of pneumonectomy in N2 disease remain controversial. This study evaluated outcomes in patients with node-positive NSCLC undergoing pneumonectomy
PMID 24578122

Tiotropium modulates transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) in airway sensory nerves: A beneficial off-target effect?(⋆).

Birrell MA1, Bonvini SJ1, Dubuis E1, Maher SA1, Wortley MA1, Grace MS1, Raemdonck K1, Adcock JJ1, Belvisi MG2.Author information 1Respiratory Pharmacology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.2Respiratory Pharmacology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: m.belvisi@imperial.ac.uk.AbstractBACKGROUND: Recent studies have suggested that the long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist tiotropium, a drug widely prescribed for its bronchodilator activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, improves symptoms and attenuates cough in preclinical and clinical tussive agent challenge studies. The mechanism by which tiotropium modifies tussive responses is not clear, but an inhibition of vagal tone and a consequent reduction in mucus production from submucosal glands and bronchodilation have been proposed.
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology.J Allergy Clin Immunol.2014 Mar;133(3):679-687.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.12.003. Epub 2014 Feb 5.
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have suggested that the long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist tiotropium, a drug widely prescribed for its bronchodilator activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, improves symptoms and attenuates cough in preclinical and clinical tus
PMID 24506933

Japanese Journal

頸部に発生した上喉頭神経鞘腫の1例

嶋根俊和,徳留卓俊,下鑪裕子,中村泰介,川口顕一郎,小倉千佳,藤居直和,五味渕寛,小林斉,三邉武幸
頭頸部外科 = Journal of Japan Society for Head and Neck Surgery 23(1), 87-91, 2013-06-28
頸部神経鞘腫は比較的まれな疾患で術前に確定診断がつきにくく，実際に精査，加療を行ってみると想定外の腫瘍や由来神経であることもまれではない。今回われわれは，術前に迷走神経由来と推測し手術を行ったが，実際は上喉頭神経由来の神経鞘腫であった症例を経験した。頸部神経鞘腫の中でも上喉頭神経由来の報告は少なく，さらに術中に由来神経を確認し，術後の神経脱落症状をきたすことなく被膜間摘出術を施行した症例は極めてま …
NAID 10031202643

舌咽神経痛の診断と治療

森岡基浩
口腔・咽頭科 = Stomato-pharyngology 26(1), 39-45, 2013-03-31
舌咽神経痛 (Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia: GPN) は嚥下等の誘因により誘発される耐えがたい咽頭-舌根部の痛みを主訴とし, しばしばその痛みは同側の耳に放散する. その原因として脳幹から分枝した舌咽神経 (および迷走神経感覚枝) の分枝部 (root entry zone: REZ) を正常の血管が接触・圧迫しているためと考えられている. 正確な問診が最も重要であり上咽 …
NAID 10031163002

パーキンソン病/レビー小体型認知症の血圧と認知機能

朝比奈正人
臨床神経学 53(11), 1386-1388, 2013
パーキンソン病（PD）とくらべてレビー小体型認知症（DLB）では自律神経障害が重度である．Braak仮説ではPDのレビー小体病理は嗅神経または末梢自律神経から始まる（dual hit theory）．そして，LB病理は嗅神経からは辺縁系に，末梢自律神経からは迷走神経背側運動核に進展し，その後に黒質にいたる．この進展過程からPDとDLBの自律神経不全の重症度の違いを説明するのは難しい．しかし，自律神 …
NAID 130004505456