WordNet

the concentration of a solution as determined by titration (同)titre

PrepTutorEJDIC

軽打 / しっぺい返しとして
=titmouse
乳首;乳房

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/07/15 15:30:35」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

A titer (or titre) is a way of expressing concentration.^[1] Titer testing employs serial dilution to obtain approximate quantitative information from an analytical procedure that inherently only evaluates as positive or negative. The titer corresponds to the highest dilution factor that still yields a positive reading.^[2] For example, positive readings in the first 8 serial twofold dilutions translate into a titer of 1:256 (i.e., 2⁻⁸). Titers are sometimes expressed by the denominator only, for example 1:256 is written 256.^[3]

Examples

A specific example is a viral titer, which is the lowest concentration of virus that still infects cells. To determine the titer, several dilutions are prepared, such as 10⁻¹, 10⁻², 10⁻³, ... 10⁻⁸.^[1]

The titer of a fat is the temperature, in degrees Celsius, at which it solidifies.^[4] The higher the titer, the harder the fat. This titer is used in determining whether an animal fat is considered tallow (titer higher than 40 °C) or a grease (titer below 40 °C).^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b Michael G. Kaplitt; Arthur D. Loewy (1 August 1995). Viral vectors: gene therapy and neuroscience applications. Academic Press. p. 304. ISBN 978-0-12-397570-6. Retrieved 18 March 2012.
^ Morag Crichton Timbury (1994). Notes on medical virology. Churchill Livingstone. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-443-04872-2. Retrieved 18 March 2012.
^ Harold E. Fox; Jessica Bienstock (21 December 2010). The Johns Hopkins Manual of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 226. ISBN 978-1-60547-433-5. Retrieved 18 March 2012.
^ Richard D. O'Brien (5 December 2008). Fats and oils: formulating and processing for applications. CRC Press. p. 207. ISBN 978-1-4200-6166-6. Retrieved 18 March 2012.
^ van Gerpen, Jon Harlan; Rudy Pruszko; Davis Clements; Gerhard Knothe; Brent Shanks (2006). Building a Successful Biodiesel Business (2nd illustrated ed.). Biodiesel Basics. p. 93. ISBN 0-9786349-0-X. Retrieved 2009-07-11. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 予防接種に対する免疫応答の評価 assessing the immunologic response to vaccination
2. 血友病A・血友病B：予防を含めた日常的なマネージメント hemophilia a and b routine management including prophylaxis
3. 変形性関節症の臨床症状と診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of osteoarthritis
4. 成人への心肺バイパス術のマネージメント management of cardiopulmonary bypass in adults
5. Rh（D）同種免疫を合併した妊娠のマネージメント management of pregnancy complicated by rhesus d alloimmunization

English Journal

New haptens and antibodies for ractopamine.

Wang Z1, Liu M1, Shi W1, Li C1, Zhang S2, Shen J1.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2015 Sep 15;183:111-4. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.043. Epub 2015 Mar 19.
In this work, three unreported immunizing haptens of ractopamine (RAC) were synthesized and used to produce highly sensitive and specific polyclonal antibody. The spacer arms of haptens for coupling to protein carrier were located on different position of RAC with different length. High affinity pol
PMID 25863617

Primary laryngeal cryptococcosis resembling laryngeal carcinoma.

Tamagawa S1, Hotomi M2, Yuasa J1, Tuchihashi S1, Yamauchi K1, Togawa A1, Yamanaka N1.
Auris, nasus, larynx.Auris Nasus Larynx.2015 Aug;42(4):337-40. doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2015.01.003. Epub 2015 Feb 18.
A case of an 82-year-old female with primary laryngeal cryptococcosis who had undergone long-term corticosteroid therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and rheumatoid arthritis is reported. She complained hoarseness with swallowing pain and irritability of the larynx for over a month. End
PMID 25701260

High ethanol fermentation performance of the dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover by an evolutionarily adapted Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain.

Qureshi AS1, Zhang J2, Bao J3.
Bioresource technology.Bioresour Technol.2015 Aug;189:399-404. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.025. Epub 2015 Apr 17.
Ethanol fermentation was investigated at the high solids content of the dry dilute sulfuric acid pretreated corn stover feedstock using an evolutionary adapted Saccharomyces cerevisiae DQ1 strain. The evolutionary adaptation was conducted by successively transferring the S. cerevisiae DQ1 cells into
PMID 25930238