WordNet

a complex consisting of an organic base in association with hydrogen chloride

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/07/06 07:56:36」(JST)

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Tetryzoline (INN;^[1] also known as tetrahydrozoline), a derivative of imidazoline, is found in over-the-counter eye drops and nasal sprays. Other derivatives include naphazoline, oxymetazoline, and xylometazoline.

Tetrahydrozoline is an alpha agonist and its main mechanism of action is the constriction of conjunctival blood vessels.^[2] This serves to relieve the redness of the eye caused by minor ocular irritants.

An urban legend suggests that tetrahydrozoline can cause violent diarrhea if administered orally, such as by putting a few drops of Visine in an unsuspecting person's beverage. However, the actual results of the prank may be worse, varying from severe nausea and vomiting to seizures or a coma. Diarrhea is not a side effect.^[3]

In popular culture

Tetrahydrozoline was used as a plot device in the 1990 film The Spirit of '76. Time travelers from the year 2176, where tetrahydrozoline is a rare commodity, have traveled back to 1976 and have to use tetrahydrozoline eye drops, a common item in 1976, as part of a battery in a time machine in order to return to the future.

The 2005 film Wedding Crashers includes the use of eye drops containing tetrahydrozoline to poison a person's drink.

References

^ "International Non-Proprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Preparations. Recommended International Non-Proprietary Names: List 3" (PDF). World Health Organization. p. 474. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
^ Dahlström M, Lindgren F, Berntsson K, et al. (July 2005). "Evidence for different pharmacological targets for imidazoline compounds inhibiting settlement of the barnacle Balanus improvisus". J. Exp. Zoolog. Part a Comp. Exp. Biol. 303 (7): 551–62. PMID 15945078. doi:10.1002/jez.a.163.
^ "Visine Prank: Mickey Red Eyes". Snopes. 29 June 2009. Retrieved 28 July 2010.

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UpToDate Contents

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1. クロニジンおよびイミダゾリンによる中毒 clonidine and related imidazoline poisoning
2. 潜在性毒素曝露を認める小児に対するアプローチ approach to the child with occult toxic exposure

English Journal

Use of tetrahydrozoline for chemical submission.

Stillwell ME, Saady JJ.SourceForensic Toxicology Unit, Forensic Science Center, Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation, Edmond, OK 73034, United States. matt.stillwell@osbi.ok.gov
Forensic science international.Forensic Sci Int.2012 Sep 10;221(1-3):e12-6. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.04.004. Epub 2012 May 1.
BACKGROUND: We report two cases of drug-facilitated sexual assault which presented with CNS depression rendering the victims vulnerable to sexual assault and unable to recall the events surrounding the crimes. In each tetrahydrozoline (THZ) was quantified.CASE REPORT: Case #1 ingested an unknown amo
PMID 22554870

Development of prilocaine gels for enhanced local anesthetic action.

Kang C, Shin SC.SourceCollege of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.
Archives of pharmacal research.Arch Pharm Res.2012 Jul;35(7):1197-204. doi: 10.1007/s12272-012-0710-x. Epub 2012 Aug 3.
Prilocaine, one of local anesthetics, has been used for regional pain relief. When applied as an ointments or creams, it is hard to expect their effects to last for long time, because they are easily removed by wetting, movement and contacting. For more comfortable and better application, we develop
PMID 22864742

Japanese Journal

薬物の眼粘膜吸収性に及ぼすβ-グリチルリチン酸の影響

小高明人,堀内拓,小出操
藥學雜誌 119(7), 502-509, 1999-07-01
… GK2 increased the partition of cationic drugs, i.e., antihistamines(chlorpheniramine maleate (CM), diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DH)), as well as decongestants(naphazoline hydrochloride (NA), tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride (TH)). …
NAID 110003648757

血管収縮剤 (Tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride) 配合静止型坐剤「プリザ^<【encircled R】>エース」の抗炎症効果:痔疾病態モデルを用いた浮腫抑制作用の評価

藤森友子,相川勝義,堀聖一,近藤靖,浅沼富美子,宮田裕人,八木健一,島村治夫
応用薬理 55(6), 317-324, 1998-07-30
NAID 10007371410

Croton oil 混合液誘発痔疾モデルを用いた Hydrocortisone acetate・Tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride・Lidocaine 含有の静止型坐剤の浮腫抑制作用

相川勝義,掘聖一,近藤靖,藤森友子,浅沼富美子,宮田裕人,八木健一,島村治夫
応用薬理 55(6), 307-315, 1998-07-30
NAID 10007371396

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「テトラヒドロゾリン」「tetrahydrozoline nitrate」「tetryzoline」
関連記事	「tetrahydrozoline」「hydrochloride」

「テトラヒドロゾリン」

Tetryzoline
Names
	IUPAC name (RS)-2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole
Identifiers
CAS Number	84-22-0 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:28674 ;
ChemSpider	5226 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.001.384
KEGG	D08578 ;
PubChem CID	5419;
UNII	S9U025Y077 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C13H16N2/c1-2-6-11-10(4-1)5-3-7-12(11)13-14-8-9-15-13/h1-2,4,6,12H,3,5,7-9H2,(H,14,15) Key: BYJAVTDNIXVSPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C13H16N2/c1-2-6-11-10(4-1)5-3-7-12(11)13-14-8-9-15-13/h1-2,4,6,12H,3,5,7-9H2,(H,14,15) Key: BYJAVTDNIXVSPW-UHFFFAOYAC ;
	SMILES N\1=C(\NCC/1)C3c2ccccc2CCC3 ;
Properties
Chemical formula	C13H16N2
Molar mass	200.28 g/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code	R01AA06 (WHO) S01GA02 (WHO)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is ?)
	Infobox references