WordNet
- infection that occurs while you are being treated for another infection
- infect (an infected cell) further or infect a cell already containing similar organisms
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/04/18 16:58:07」(JST)
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In virology, superinfection is the process by which a cell that has previously been infected by one virus gets coinfected with a different strain of the virus, or another virus, at a later point in time.[1] Viral superinfections of serious conditions can lead to resistant strains of the virus, which may prompt a change of treatment. For example, an individual superinfected with two separate strains of HIV may contract a strain that is resistant to antiretroviral treatment. The combined infection has also been shown to reduce the overall effectiveness of the immune response.[2]
In medicine, superinfection is an infection following a previous infection, especially when caused by microorganisms that are resistant or have become resistant to the antibiotics used earlier.
Superinfection, according to Dorland's illustrated medical dictionary, is a condition produced by sudden growth of a type of bacteria, different from the original offenders in a wound or lesion under treatment, such as clostridium difficile overgrowth post antibiotic treatment.
Superinfection immunity in Lambda phage
When a cell is a lambda lysogen, another lambda phage that infects is not able to undergo lytic development and produce phage. The incoming phage can inject DNA, but the DNA is immediately shut down and no transcription/translation of the lambda initiates[citation needed]. Therefore, lambda lysogens are immune to infection by another lambda phage particle. The reason is that the lysogen is continuously producing cI repressor. The amount of cI protein exceeds the amount needed to shut down more than one phage. The extra repressor binds to the superinfecting phage DNA and prevents its transcription.
See also
- Coinfection
- Reassortment
- Antibiotic resistance
- HIV superinfection
References
- ^ "HIV types, subtypes groups and strains: Is it possible to be infected more than once?". avert.org. AVERT. Retrieved 2010-11-23.
- ^ Robert M. Grant & J. Jeff McConnell (May 2006). "What do we know about HIV superinfection?". ucsf.edu. University of California, San Francisco. Retrieved 2010-11-23.
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English Journal
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- Staubli SM1, Oertli D1, Nebiker CA1.
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- PMID 26173077
- Defective cytokine production early after multiple traumas: Modulation in severe sepsis.
- Paraschos MD1, Patrani M1, Pistiki A2, Katsenos C1, Tsaganos T2, Netea MG3, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ4, Mandragos K1.
- Cytokine.Cytokine.2015 Dec;76(2):222-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.05.021. Epub 2015 Jun 13.
- The exact time frame of multiple trauma-induced immunosuppression and the immune mechanisms mediating transition to severe sepsis are largely unknown. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 69 patients with multiple injuries within the first 24h from injury and from 36 healthy volunte
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- Reppe K1, Radünzel P1, Dietert K2, Tschernig T3, Wolff T4, Hammerschmidt S5, Gruber AD2, Suttorp N1, Witzenrath M6.
- Infection and immunity.Infect Immun.2015 Dec;83(12):4617-29. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00948-15. Epub 2015 Sep 14.
- Pulmonary infection with influenza virus is frequently complicated by bacterial superinfection, with Streptococcus pneumoniae being the most prevalent causal pathogen and hence often associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Local immunosuppression due to pulmonary influenza virus infectio
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Japanese Journal
- Pathogenic mechanisms of invasive group A Streptococcus infections by influenza virus-group A Streptococcus superinfection
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Related Links
- In virology, superinfection is the process by which a cell that has previously been infected by one virus gets coinfected with a different strain of the virus, or another virus, at a later point in time. Viral superinfections of serious conditions can lead ...
- superinfection /su·per·in·fec·tion/ (-in-fek´shun) a new infection occurring in a patient having a preexisting infection, such as bacterial superinfection in viral respiratory disease or infection of a chronic hepatitis B carrier with hepatitis D virus.
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
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- 英
- superinfection、coinfection、combined infection、superinfect
- 関
- 同時感染、重複感染、複合感染、共感染、菌交代症、再感染
[★]
- 関
- co-infected、co-infection、coinfected、combined infection、superinfect、superinfection
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- 英
- microbial substitution
- superinfection
- 同
- 交代菌症、重感染
- 関
- 菌交代
[★]
- 英
- microbial substitution, superinfection?
- 同
- 交代菌現象
- 関
- 重複感染
[★]
- 関
- coinfection、combined infection、superinfection