- 関
- co-infected、co-infection、coinfected、combined infection、superinfect、superinfection
WordNet
- infection that occurs while you are being treated for another infection
- infect (an infected cell) further or infect a cell already containing similar organisms
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/09/08 10:27:54」(JST)
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Coinfection |
Classification and external resources |
MeSH |
D060085 |
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In parasitology, coinfection is the simultaneous infection of a host by multiple pathogen species. In virology, coinfection includes simultaneous infection of a single cell by two or more virus particles. An example is the coinfection of liver cells with Hepatitis B virus and Hepatitis D virus, which can arise incrementally by initial infection followed by superinfection.
Global prevalence or incidence of coinfection among humans is unknown, but it is thought to be commonplace,[1] sometimes more common than single infection.[2] Coinfection with helminths affects around 800 million people worldwide.[3]
Coinfection is of particular human health importance because pathogen species can interact within the host. The net effect of coinfection on human health is thought to be negative.[4] Interactions can have either positive or negative effects on other parasites. Under positive parasite interactions, disease transmission and progression are enhanced and this is also known as syndemism. Negative parasite interactions include microbial interference when one bacterial species suppresses the virulence or colonisation of other bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa suppressing pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus colony formation.[5] The general patterns of ecological interactions between parasite species are unknown, even among common coinfections such as those between sexually transmitted infections.[6] However, network analysis of a food web of coinfection in humans suggests that there is greater potential for interactions via shared food sources than via the immune system.[7]
A globally common coinfection involves tuberculosis and HIV. In some countries, up to 80% of tuberculosis patients are also HIV-positive.[8] The potential for dynamics of these two infectious diseases to be linked has been known for decades.[9] Other common examples of coinfections are AIDS, which involves coinfection of end-stage HIV with opportunistic parasites[10] and polymicrobial infections like Lyme disease with other diseases.[11]
See also
- Syndemic
- Superinfection
- Infectious disease
- List of human diseases associated with infectious pathogens
Examples:
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This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (April 2015) |
- Anaplasmosis
- Bacteriophage coinfection
- GB virus C
- HIV-HCV coinfection
- HIV-TB coinfection (enhances TB transmission and lethality)
- Hepatitis D
- Hookworm-malaria coinfection
- Mansonella perstans
- Trichuriasis
- Chikungunya and Dengue coinfection
- Dengue and HIV coinfection (suppresses HIV)
- Chagas and HIV coinfection
- Most sexually transmitted diseases and HIV (enhance HIV transmission)
References
- ^ Cox, FE (2001). "Concomitant infections, parasites and immune responses". Parasitology. 122. Suppl: S23–38. doi:10.1017/s003118200001698x. PMID 11442193.
- ^ Petney, TN; Andrews, RH (1998). "Multiparasite communities in animals and humans: frequency, structure and pathogenic significance". International Journal for Parasitology. 28 (3): 377–93. doi:10.1016/S0020-7519(97)00189-6. PMID 9559357.
- ^ Crompton, DW (1999). "How much human helminthiasis is there in the world?". The Journal of Parasitology. 85 (3): 397–403. doi:10.2307/3285768. JSTOR 3285768. PMID 10386428.
- ^ Griffiths, EC; Pedersen, ABP; Fenton, A; Petchey, OP (2011). "The nature and consequences of coinfection in humans". Journal of Infection. 63 (3): 200–206. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2011.06.005. PMC 3430964. PMID 21704071.
- ^ Hoffman, L. R.; Deziel, E.; D'argenio, D. A.; Lepine, F.; Emerson, J.; McNamara, S.; Gibson, R. L.; Ramsey, B. W.; Miller, S. I. (2006). "Selection for Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants due to growth in the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 103 (52): 19890–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.0606756104. PMC 1750898. PMID 17172450.
- ^ Shrestha, S. (2011). "Influence of host genetic and ecological factors in complex concomitant infections – relevance to sexually transmitted infections". Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 92 (1–2): 27–32. doi:10.1016/j.jri.2011.09.001. PMID 22019002.
- ^ Griffiths, E.; Pedersen, A.; Fenton, A.; Petchey, O. (2014). "Analysis of a summary network of co-infection in humans reveals that parasites interact most via shared resources". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 281 (1782): 20132286. doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.2286. PMC 3973251. PMID 24619434.
- ^ "Tuberculosis and HIV". World Health Organization.
- ^ Di Perri, G; Cruciani, M; Danzi, MC; Luzzati, R; De Checchi, G; Malena, M; Pizzighella, S; Mazzi, R; et al. (1989). "Nosocomial epidemic of active tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients". Lancet. 2 (8678–8679): 1502–4. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)92942-5. PMID 2574778.
- ^ Lawn, SD (2004). "AIDS in Africa: the impact of coinfections on the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection". Journal of Infection. 48 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2003.09.001. PMID 14667787.
- ^ Mitchell, PD; Reed, KD; Hofkes, JM (1996). "Immunoserologic evidence of coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi, Babesia microti, and human granulocytic Ehrlichia species in residents of Wisconsin and Minnesota". Journal of clinical microbiology. 34 (3): 724–7. PMC 228878. PMID 8904446.
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Japanese Journal
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- B型肝炎ウイルス(HBV)とC型肝炎ウイルス(HCV)の重複感染(HBs-Ag陽性及びHCV-RNA陽性)は,それぞれの単独感染と比べて肝硬変および肝癌を発症する割合が高いため積極的な治療が望まれる.治療に関してはPEG-IFNα,リバビリン併用療法が推奨され始めているがまだ十分な情報に乏しい.今回われわれは,HBVとHCVの重複感染2症例にインターフェロン(IFN)およびリバビリン併用療法を施行 …
- NAID 10031039062
- HIV/HBV重複感染症例におけるHBVに対する治療経験とその考察
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
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- 英
- superinfection、coinfection、combined infection、superinfect
- 関
- 同時感染、重複感染、複合感染、共感染、菌交代症、再感染
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- 英
- coinfection、co-infection、coinfected、co-infected
- 関
- 重感染、共感染
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- 関
- coinfection、combined infection、superinfection
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- 関
- coinfection、superinfect、superinfection
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- 関
- co-infected、coinfected、coinfection