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Splenius capitis muscle
Muscles connecting the upper extremity to the vertebral column (splenius capitis et cervicis labeled at upper right).
Section of the neck at about the level of the sixth cervical vertebra. Showing the arrangement of the deep cervical fascia (splenius capitis labeled at bottom right).
Details
Origin
Nuchal ligament and spinous process of C7-T3
Insertion
Mastoid process of temporal and occipital bone
Artery
Muscular branches of the aorta
Nerve
Posterior ramus of spinal nerves C3 and C4
Actions
Extend, rotate, and laterally flex the head
Identifiers
Latin
Musculus splenius capitis
TA
A04.3.02.103
FMA
22653
Anatomical terms of muscle
[edit on Wikidata]
The splenius capitis (/ˈspliːniəsˈkæpɪtɪs/) (from Greek, Modern spléníon, meaning 'bandage', and Latin caput, meaning 'head'[1][2]) is a broad, straplike muscle in the back of the neck. It pulls on the base of the skull from the vertebrae in the neck and upper thorax. It is involved in movements such as shaking the head.
Contents
1Structure
2Function
3Additional images
4See also
5References
6External links
Structure
It arises from the lower half of the nuchal ligament, from the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra, and from the spinous processes of the upper three or four thoracic vertebrae.
The fibers of the muscle are directed upward and laterally and are inserted, under cover of the sternocleidomastoideus, into the mastoid process of the temporal bone, and into the rough surface on the occipital bone just below the lateral third of the superior nuchal line. The splenius capitis is deep to sternocleidomastoideus at the mastoid process, and to the trapezius for its lower portion. It is one of the muscles that forms the floor of the posterior triangle of the neck.
The splenius capitis muscle is innervated by the posterior ramus of spinal nerves C3 and C4.
Function
The splenius capitis muscle is a prime mover for head extension. The splenius capitis can also allow lateral flexion and rotation of the cervical spine.
Additional images
Muscles of the neck. Lateral view.
Splenius capitis muscle
See also
This article uses anatomical terminology; for an overview, see anatomical terminology.
References
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 397 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
^Dr. M. A. (Toby) Arnold; Deborah Bryce. "Arnold's Glossary of Anatomy". The University of Sydney.
^"Splenius capitis muscle - definition of Splenius capitis muscle in the Medical dictionary". Medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved 2011-08-18.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Splenius capitis muscles.
Anatomy figure: 01:03-01 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Superficial layer of the extrinsic muscles of the back."
Anatomy figure: 01:05-01 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Intermediate layer of the extrinsic muscles of the back, deep muscles."
Anatomy figure: 24:01-02 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Identification of the muscles associated with the posterolateral triangle."
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Muscles of the thorax and back
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TA98: A04.3.02.103
UpToDate Contents
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… division include the trapezius, spleniuscapitis, semispinalis capitis, and levator scapulae The posterior muscle groups maintain posture and act as neck stabilizers and extensors. They are stronger than …
… Muscle involvement is also usually present. The diagnosis of dermatomyositis is usually based upon recognition of the characteristic skin findings, muscle weakness,… manifestation of pediculosis capitis and is a common feature of several other scalp diseases. Pediculosis capitis (head lice) is a common cause…
…pathologic findings in muscle biopsies from affected patients are muscle necrosis and edema; occlusion of arterioles and capillaries by fibrin may also be seen . Spontaneous infarction of muscle is a rare condition; …
…sources of energy in muscle. The main types of "fuel" used by muscle for energy metabolism are glycogen, glucose, and free fatty acids . The particular energy sources used by working muscle for aerobic metabolism …
… demonstrating the presence of true muscle weakness is the first step in this evaluation. Laboratory and electrophysiologic studies of nerves and muscles and muscle biopsy may then be required to complete …
English Journal
Influence of Forward Head Posture on Myotonometric Measurements of Superficial Neck Muscle Tone, Elasticity, and Stiffness in Asymptomatic Individuals With Sedentary Jobs.
Kocur P, Wilski M, Goliwąs M, Lewandowski J, Łochyński D.
Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics. 2019 May;().
The objective of the study was to assess the influence of forward head posture on the mechanical parameters and pressure pain threshold of superficial neck muscles in clinically nonsymptomatic individuals with sedentary jobs. Twenty-five office workers with forward head posture and 25 office workers
Comparing neck extensor muscle function in asymptomatic Canadian adults and adults with tension-type headache: a cross-sectional study.
Marchand AA, Houle M, Girard MP, Hébert MÈ, Descarreaux M.
BMJ open. 2019 May;9(5)e020984.
To further the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying tension-type headache (TTH) by comparing the endurance and strength of neck extensor muscles under acute muscle fatigue in participants with TTH and asymptomatic participants. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of neck
History of concussion is associated with higher head acceleration and reduced cervical muscle activity during simulated rugby tackle: An exploratory study.
Bussey MD, McLean M, Pinfold J, Anderson N, Kiely R, Romanchuk J, Salmon D.
Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine. 2019 May;37()105-112.
The objective of this study is to explore the effect of concussion history on head control during front on rugby tackles in non-professional male and female Rugby Union players. An observational cross-sectional design. A laboratory-based study of simulated front on rugby tackles with a dynamic relat
Changes in neck and upper trunk muscle activities according to the angle of movement of the neck in subjects with forward head posture
Cheon SongHee,Park SoHyun
Journal of Physical Therapy Science 29(2), 191-193, 2017
… <p>[Purpose] This study investigated changes in neck and upper trunk muscle activities according to the angle of movement of the neck in subjects with Forward Head Posture. …
An analysis of the activity and muscle fatigue of the muscles around the neck under the three most frequent postures while using a smartphone
Choi Jung-Hyun,Jung Min-Ho,Yoo Kyung-Tae
Journal of Physical Therapy Science 28(5), 1660-1664, 2016
… [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to identify changes in the activity and fatigue of the spleniuscapitis and upper trapezius muscles, which are agonists to the muscles supporting the head, under the three postures most frequently adopted while using a smartphone. … While the 15 subjects maintained the postures, muscle activity and fatigue were measured using surface electromyography. …
A tutorial on the position, actions, attachments and innervation of the Splenius Capitis with the aid of detailed anatomical illustrations. Click and start learning now! ... Attachments of the Splenius Capitis Muscle Origin a. Inferior half ...