WordNet

any membranous gap between the bones of the cranium in an infant or fetus (同)fontanel, soft_spot

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/10/27 10:59:56」(JST)

wiki en

The pterion is the region where the frontal, parietal, temporal, and sphenoid join together.^[1] It is located on the side of the skull, just behind the temple.

Structure

The pterion is located in the temporal fossa, approximately 2.6 cm behind and 1.3 cm above the posterolateral margin of the frontozygomatic suture.^[2]

It is the junction between four bones:

the parietal bone
the squamous part of temporal bone
the greater wing of sphenoid bone
the frontal bone

These bones are typically joined by three cranial sutures:

the sphenoparietal suture joins the sphenoid and parietal bones
the coronal suture joins the frontal bone to the sphenoid and parietal bones
the squamous suture joins the temporal bone to the sphenoid and parietal bones

Clinical significance

The pterion is known as the weakest part of the skull.^[3] The anterior division of the middle meningeal artery runs underneath the pterion.^[4] Consequently, a traumatic blow to the pterion may rupture the middle meningeal artery causing an epidural haematoma. The pterion may also be fractured indirectly by blows to the top or back of the head that place sufficient force on the skull to fracture the pterion.

Etymology

The pterion receives its name from the Greek root pteron, meaning wing. In Greek mythology, Hermes, messenger of the gods, was enabled to fly by winged sandals, and wings on his head, which were attached at the pterion.

References

^ R.M. McMinn.Last's anatomy regional and applied, 9th edition. Edinburgh (UK): Churchill Livingstone; 1994. Page 645
^ Siyan, MA; Louisa J.M. Baillie and Mark D. Stringer (April 2012). "Reappraising the surface anatomy of the pterion and its relationship to the middle meningeal artery". Clinical Anatomy 25 (3): 330–339. doi:10.1002/ca.21232. PMID 21800374. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help); |accessdate= requires |url= (help)
^ Garner, Jeff; Goodfellow, Peter (2004). Questions for the MRCS Vivas. p. 123.
^ Weston, Gabriel (22 August 2011). "Mapping the Body: The Temple". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 February 2012, 4 April 2012. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)

External links

Anatomy figure: 22:01-04 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center
Diagram - look for #24 (source here)

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 小児における身体的診察：HEENT the pediatric physical examination heent
2. 小児における中枢神経系腫瘍の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of central nervous system tumors in children
3. 新生児の評価 assessment of the newborn infant
4. 幼児および小児における巨頭症：病因および評価 macrocephaly in infants and children etiology and evaluation
5. 小児における硬膜外血腫：臨床的特徴、診断、およびマネージメント intracranial epidural hematoma in children clinical features diagnosis and management

English Journal

An exceptionally preserved Late Devonian actinopterygian provides a new model for primitive cranial anatomy in ray-finned fishes.

Giles S1, Darras L2, Clément G3, Blieck A4, Friedman M5.
Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society.Proc Biol Sci.2015 Oct 7;282(1816):20151485. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2015.1485.
Actinopterygians (ray-finned fishes) are the most diverse living osteichthyan (bony vertebrate) group, with a rich fossil record. However, details of their earliest history during the middle Palaeozoic (Devonian) 'Age of Fishes' remains sketchy. This stems from an uneven understanding of anatomy in
PMID 26423841

[Cranial ultrasound through posterolateral fontanelle in visualization of posterior fossa abnormalities in preterm and term neonates].

Leszczyńska K, Wilczyńska M, Talar T, Żarkowska-Szaniawska A, Barańska D, Gwizdała D, Biegański T.
Ginekologia polska.Ginekol Pol.2015 Oct;86(10):774-81.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of US in the diagnosis of posterior fossa abnormalities in neonates by posterolateral fontanelle as compared with the anterior fontanelle approach and MRI.MATERIAL AND METHODS: US studies were performed on 1337 neonates, including 512 p
PMID 26677588

The effect of fontanel on scalp EEG potentials in the neonate.

Gargiulo P1, Belfiore P2, Friðgeirsson EA3, Vanhatalo S4, Ramon C5.
Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.Clin Neurophysiol.2015 Sep;126(9):1703-10. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.12.002. Epub 2014 Dec 12.
OBJECTIVE: To define how fontanels affect scalp EEG potentials in neonates.METHOD: Realistic finite element method head models were generated with and without fontanels. The electrical activity of the whole cortex was simulated using distributed 54,620 concurrently active cortical dipoles with a uni
PMID 25553851

「前側頭泉門」

Pterion
	Side view of head, showing surface relations of bones (Pterion labeled at center)
	Side view of the skull with arrow pointing to the Pterion
Details
Latin	Pterion
Identifiers
Gray's	p.182
TA	A02.1.00.019
FMA	FMA:264720
	Anatomical terminology