WordNet
- a mine where salt is dug
- sprinkle as if with salt; "the rebels had salted the fields with mines and traps"
- a compound formed by replacing hydrogen in an acid by a metal (or a radical that acts like a metal)
- preserve with salt; "people used to salt meats on ships"
- the taste experience when common salt is taken into the mouth (同)saltiness, salinity
- white crystalline form of especially sodium chloride used to season and preserve food (同)table_salt, common salt
- (of speech) painful or bitter; "salt scorn"- Shakespeare; "a salt apology"
- add salt to
- add zest or liveliness to; "She salts her lectures with jokes"
- lay mines; "The Vietnamese mined Cambodia"
- excavation in the earth from which ores and minerals are extracted
- explosive device that explodes on contact; designed to destroy vehicles or ships or to kill or maim personnel
- get from the earth by excavation; "mine ores and metals"
- the act of extracting ores or coal etc from the earth (同)excavation
- laying explosive mines in concealed places to destroy enemy personnel and equipment (同)minelaying
- the syllable naming the third (mediant) note of any major scale in solmization
- (used especially of meats) preserved in salt (同)salt-cured, brine-cured
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈U〉『塩』食塩 / 〈U〉(化学で)塩 / 《複数形で》薬用塩類(Epsom salt[s],smelling salts) / 〈U〉生気(刺激,興趣)を与えるもの / 〈C〉《話》(特に老練な)水夫 / 塩の,塩を含んでいる;塩気のある,塩辛い / 塩漬けにした / (土地が)塩につかった / 塩信でできた,塩水の中で育つ / 〈食べ物〉‘を'塩で味をつける;〈肉・魚など〉‘を'塩漬けにして保存する《+『名』+『down』,+『down』+『名』》 / 《受動態で》(…で)〈言葉・話なで〉‘を'ぴりっとさせる,‘に'味をつける《+『名』+『with』+『名』》
- 『私のもの』 / 《of mineの形で》『私の』 / 《古》私の(my)《母音または綴字がhで始まる語の前,あるいは名詞の後に用いて》
- 『鉱山』,鉱床 / 《a~》(…の)豊富な資源,宝庫《+『of』+『名』》 / 坑道(敵の陣地・要塞を爆破するために掘られたトンネル) / 地雷,機雷 / 〈鉱物など〉‘を'採掘する / (鉱物を採掘するために)〈地面など〉‘を'掘る《+『名』+『for』+『名』》 / 〈場所〉‘に'地雷(機雷)を敷設する;…‘を'地雷(機雷)で破壊する / 〈坑道〉を掘る / (…を)採掘する《+『for』+『名』》 / 鉱山で働く
- 採鉱,鉱業 / 地雷(機雷)の敷設 / 鉱山の,採鉱の
- ミ(全音階の第3音)
- 塩で味をつけて,塩味の;塩漬けの
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/06/30 15:57:05」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Modern rock-salt mine near Mount Morris, New York
This article is about mining for salt. For the secret CIA prison, see Salt Pit.
A salt mine is a mine that extracts rock salt or halite from evaporite formations.[1]
Contents
- 1 Mining regions
- 2 History
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Mining regions
The Crystal Valley region of the Khewra Salt Mines in Pakistan. With around 250,000 visitors a year, the site is a major tourist attraction.
A small mosque made of salt bricks inside the Khewra Salt Mines complex
Areas known for their salt mines include:
| Country |
Site/s |
| Austria |
Hallstatt and Salzkammergut. |
| Bosnia |
Tuzla |
| Bulgaria |
Provadiya; and Solnitsata, an ancient town believed by Bulgarian archaeologists to be the oldest in Europe and the site of a salt production facility approximately six millennia ago.[2] |
| Canada |
Sifto Salt Mine in Goderich, Ontario, which, at 1.5 miles (2.4 km) wide and 2 miles (3.2 km) long,[3] is one of the largest salt mines in the world extending 7 km2 (2.7 sq mi) .[4] |
| England |
The "-wich towns" of Cheshire and Worcestershire. |
| Germany |
Rheinberg, Berchtesgaden, Heilbronn |
| Italy |
Racalmuto, Realmonte and Petralia Soprana[5] within the production sites managed by Italkali. |
| Morocco |
JMS salt mine in Khemisset. |
| N. Ireland |
Kilroot, near Carrickfergus, more than a century old and containing passages whose combined length exceeds 25 km. |
| Pakistan |
Khewra Salt Mines, the world's second largest salt-mining operation, spanning over 300 km. |
| Poland |
Wieliczka and Bochnia, both established in the mid-13th century and still operating, mostly as museums. |
| Romania |
Slănic (with Salina Veche, Europe's largest salt mine), Cacica, Ocnele Mari, Salina Turda, Târgu Ocna, Ocna Sibiului and Praid. |
| Russia |
Solikamsk |
| United States |
- Avery Island, Louisiana;
- Detroit, Michigan, 1,100 feet (340 m) beneath which the Detroit Salt Company's 1,500-acre (10 km2) subterranean complex extends;[6]
- Saltville, Virginia, which served as the site of one of the Confederacy's main saltworks.
- Western New York and Central New York, location of American Rock Salt, the largest operating salt mine in the United States with a capacity for producing up to 18,000 tons each day.[7] Syracuse earned the nickname "The Salt City" for its salt mining, an activity that continues in the region to the present day.[8]
|
History
Diorama of an underground salt mine in Europe.
Inside Salina Veche, Europe's largest salt mine, in Slănic, Prahova, Romania. The railing (lower middle) gives the viewer an idea of scale.
Before the advent of the internal combustion engine and earth moving equipment, mining salt was one of the most expensive and dangerous of operations, due to rapid dehydration caused by constant contact with the salt (both in the mine passages and scattered in the air as salt dust), among other problems borne of accidental excessive sodium intake. While salt is now plentiful, until the Industrial Revolution it was difficult to come by, and salt mining was often done by slave or prison labor. In ancient Rome, salt on the table was a mark of a rich patron; those who sat nearer the host were "above the salt," and those less favored were "below the salt". Roman prisoners were given the task of salt mining, and life expectancy among those sentenced was low. The Roman historian Pliny the Elder stated as an aside in his Natural History's discussion of sea water, that "[I]n Rome ... the soldier's pay was originally salt and the word 'salary' derives from it ..."[9]
Even as recently as the 20th century, salt mining as a form of punishment was enforced in the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany.[citation needed]
Most modern salt mines are privately operated or operated by large multinational companies such K+S, AkzoNobel, Cargill, and Compass Minerals.
See also
- Salt mines
- Khemisset
- Khewra
- Schacht Asse II
- Turda
- Wieliczka
- Windsor
|
|
- General
- Salt evaporation pond
- Salt lakes
- Salt dome
|
References
- ^ "Oilfield Glossary: Term 'evaporite'". Glossary.oilfield.slb.com. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
- ^ Maugh II, Thomas H. (1 November 2012). "Bulgarians find oldest European town, a salt production center". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
- ^ "Industries in Godrich". Archived from the original on December 26, 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-08.
- ^ "CBC-TV - Geologic Journey - Goderich, Ontario and Detroit Michigan". CBC 2012. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
- ^ "Italkali Spa - Production Sites" (online). Retrieved 2011-05-09.
- ^ "The Detroit Salt Company -- Explore the City under the City" (online). Retrieved 2008-02-08.
- ^ Spector, Joseph (13 Jan 2015). "American Rock Salt to expand in LIvingston". Democrat and Chronicle. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
- ^ "All 17 Cargill Salt Miners Trapped on Underground Elevator Freed". NBC News. January 7, 2016. Retrieved January 7, 2016.
- ^ "''Plinius Naturalis Historia XXXI.''". Penelope.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
External links
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Salt mining. |
- JMS Salt - production site
- Salt mine in the Danakil Depression in Ethiopia
|
Salt
|
|
| History |
- History of salt
- In the American Civil War
- International Salt Co. v. United States
- In Middlewich
- Old Salt Route
- In Chinese history
- Salt March
- Salt road
|
|
| Types |
- List of edible salts
- Abraum
- Alaea
- Bittern
- Black lava
- Butter
- Celery
- Curing
- Cyclic
- Dairy
- Flake
- Fleur de sel
- Garlic
- Himalayan
- Iodised
- Kala Namak
- Kosher
- LoSalt
- Calcium chloride
- Pickling
- Potassium chloride
- Potassium nitrate
- Sodium nitrate
- Onion
- Real Salt
- Rock
- Sea salt
- Seasoned
- Sel gris
- Smoked
- Truffle
|
|
| Food usage |
- Brine
- Cheese brining
- Salted foods
- Salt-cured meat
- Health effects
- Salt and cardiovascular disease
|
|
Commerce
and industry |
- Salt Industry Commission
- Evaporation pond
- Production
- Salt mining
- Open-pan salt making
- List of countries by salt production
|
|
| By region |
- In Cheshire
- In Ghana
- In Syracuse, New York
|
|
| Culture |
- Salt in the Bible
- Salting the earth
|
|
| Miscellaneous |
- Mineral lick
- Smelling salts
|
|
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Colorimetric and fluorimetric detection of Hg2+ and Cr3+ by boronic acid conjugated rhodamine derivatives: Mechanistic aspects and their bio-imaging application in bacterial cells.
- Vallu RK1, Velugula K2, Doshi S3, Chinta JP4.
- Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc.2018 Jan 15;189:556-562. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.08.052. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
- PMID 28866411
- Halorubrum salsamenti sp. nov., a Novel Halophilic Archaeon Isolated from a Brine of Salt Mine.
- Chen S1,2, He J3, Zhang J3, Xu Y4, Huang J4, Ke LX4.
- Current microbiology.Curr Microbiol.2017 Nov;74(11):1358-1364. doi: 10.1007/s00284-017-1325-8. Epub 2017 Aug 17.
- PMID 28819743
- Geochemical processes controlling the distribution and concentration of metals in soils from a Patagonian (Argentina) salt marsh affected by mining residues.
- Idaszkin YL1, Alvarez MDP1, Carol E2.
- The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2017 Oct 15;596-597:230-235. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.065. Epub 2017 Apr 21.
- PMID 28433765
Japanese Journal
- Dissociation between Low Vitamin D Level and Hypertension in Coal Mine Workers: Evidence from the Kailuan Study
- ヴィエリチカ岩塩坑Vieliczka Salt Mine(ポーランドの世界遺産) : その産業遺産としての意義
- 静岡文化芸術大学研究紀要 = Shizuoka University of Art and Culture bulletin 15, 127-138, 2015-03-31
- NAID 120005603651
- Gold Refining by Cementation with Salt at Sado in Early Seventeenth Century Japan
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- mi-, mio-
- ？
- MI
[★]
- 関
- mine
[★]
- 関
- arsenal、mining
[★]
- 関
- saline