WordNet

a major thoroughfare that bears important traffic
a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body (同)arteria, arterial blood vessel

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動脈 / (道路・水路・鉄道などの)勘線,(通信の)主チャンネル
腎臓の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/09 21:07:39」(JST)

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The renal arteries normally arise off the side of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the superior mesenteric artery, and supply the kidneys with blood. Each is directed across the crus of the diaphragm, so as to form nearly a right angle with the aorta.

The renal arteries carry a large portion of total blood flow to the kidneys. Up to a third of total cardiac output can pass through the renal arteries to be filtered by the kidneys.

Structure

It has a radius of approximately 0.25 cm,^[1] 0.26 cm at the root.^[2] The measured mean diameter can differ depending on the imaging method used. For example, the diameter was found to be 5.04 ± 0.74 mm using ultrasound, but 5.68 ± 1.19 mm using angiography.^[3]^[4]

Due to the position of the aorta, the inferior vena cava, and the kidneys in the body, the right renal artery is normally longer than the left renal artery.^[5]^[6]

The right passes behind the inferior vena cava, the right renal vein, the head of the pancreas, and the descending part of the duodenum.
The right is somewhat lower than the left; it lies behind the left renal vein, the body of the pancreas and the splenic vein, and is crossed by the inferior mesenteric vein.

Branches

Before reaching the hilus of the kidney, each artery divides into four or five branches; the greater number of these (anterior branches) lie between the renal vein and ureter, the vein being in front, the ureter behind, but one or more branches (posterior branches) are usually situated behind the ureter.

Each vessel gives off some small inferior suprarenal branches to the suprarenal gland, the ureter, and the surrounding cellular tissue and muscles.

One or two accessory renal arteries are frequently found, especially on the left side since they usually arise from the aorta, and may come off above (more common) or below the main artery. Instead of entering the kidney at the hilus, they usually pierce the upper or lower part of the organ.

Variation

The arterial supply of the kidneys is variable and there may be one or more renal arteries supplying each kidney. It is located above the renal vein. Supernumerary renal arteries (two or more arteries to a single kidney) are the most common renovascular anomaly, occurrence ranging from 25% to 40% of kidneys.^{[citation needed]}

Clinical significance

Renal artery stenosis, or narrowing of one or both renal arteries will lead to hypertension as the affected kidneys release renin to increase blood pressure to preserve perfusion to the kidneys. RAS is typically diagnosed with duplex ultrasonography of the renal arteries. It is treated with the use of balloon angioplasty and stents, if necessary.

Atherosclerosis can also affect the renal arteries and can lead to poor perfusion of the kidneys leading to reduced kidney function and, possibly, renal failure.

Additional images

3D-rendered computed tomography, showing one renal artery (in whitish color) for each kidney, partially covered by the renal veins.
Frontal section through the kidney
Abdominal portion of the sympathetic trunk, with the celiac and hypogastric plexuses.
The posterior surfaces of the kidneys, showing areas of relation to the parietes.

Front of abdomen, showing surface markings for arteries and inguinal canal.
Kidney
Renal artery
Renal artery
Renal artery
Renal artery
Renal artery

References

^ Kem, D. C.; Lyons, D. F.; Wenzl, J.; Halverstadt, D.; Yu, X. (2005). "Renin-Dependent Hypertension Caused by Nonfocal Stenotic Aberrant Renal Arteries: Proof of a New Syndrome". Hypertension 46 (2): 380–5. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.0000171185.25749.5b. PMID 15967872.
^ Ottesen, Johnny T.; Danielsen, Michael, eds. (2000). Mathematical Modelling in Medicine. IOS Press. ISBN 978-4-274-90318-2. ^{[page needed]}
^ Renal Artery Aneurysm at eMedicine
^ Aytac, Suat K.; Yigit, Hasan; Sancak, Tanzer; Ozcan, Hasan (2003). "Correlation between the diameter of the main renal artery and the presence of an accessory renal artery: sonographic and angiographic evaluation". Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 22 (5): 433–9; quiz 440–2. PMID 12751854.
^ Saldarriaga, Bladimir; Pinto, Sergio A; Ballesteros, Luis E (2008). "Morphological Expression of the Renal Artery: A Direct Anatomical Study in a Colombian Half-caste Population". International Journal of Morphology 26 (1): 31–8. doi:10.4067/S0717-95022008000100005.
^ http://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/Cardiovascular/Text/Arteries/Renal.shtml^{[full citation needed]}

External links

MedlinePlus Image 9818
Anatomy photo:40:11-0105 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Posterior Abdominal Wall: Branches of the Abdominal Aorta"

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 腎血管性高血圧の診断 establishing the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension
2. アテローム性腎動脈狭窄に起因する慢性腎疾患の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of chronic kidney disease resulting from atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis
3. 腎臓の同種移植片機能不全の鑑別診断 differential diagnosis of renal allograft dysfunction
4. 片側性アテローム性腎動脈狭窄症の治療 treatment of unilateral atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis
5. 両側性アテローム性腎動脈狭窄症および機能的単腎の狭窄の治療 treatment of bilateral atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis or stenosis to a solitary functioning kidney

English Journal

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid analogue lowers blood pressure through vasodilation and sodium channel inhibition.

Hye Khan MA1, Pavlov TS2, Christain SV1, Neckář J, Staruschenko A2, Gauthier KM1, Capdevila JH3, Falck JR4, Campbell WB, Imig JD.
Clinical science (London, England : 1979).Clin Sci (Lond).2014 Oct 1;127(7):463-74. doi: 10.1042/CS20130479.
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) contribute to haemodynamics, electrolyte homoeostasis and blood pressure regulation, leading to the concept that EETs can be therapeutically targeted for hypertension. In the present study, multiple structural EET analogues were synthesized based on the EET pharmacop
PMID 24707975

Haemoglobin levels do not correlate with the extent of coronary artery disease: results from a large cohort study.

De Luca G1, Secco GG, Cassetti E, Verdoia M, Bellomo G, Marino P; Novara Atherosclerosis Study Group (NAS).
Coronary artery disease.Coron Artery Dis.2014 Sep;25(6):463-8. doi: 10.1097/MCA.0000000000000103.
OBJECTIVES: Even though anaemia has been shown to be a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular disease, there is scarce evidence of its relationship with angiographically proven coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between haemoglobin (Hb) levels and t
PMID 24614627

Fatty liver largely explains associations of subclinical hypothyroidism with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.

Posadas-Romero C1, Jorge-Galarza E2, Posadas-Sánchez R2, Acuña-Valerio J2, Juárez-Rojas JG2, Kimura-Hayama E2, Medina-Urrutia A2, Cardoso-Saldaña GC2.
European journal of endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies.Eur J Endocrinol.2014 Sep;171(3):319-25. doi: 10.1530/EJE-14-0150.
BACKGROUND: The association of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome (MS), and coronary atherosclerosis is uncertain.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of increased intrahepatic fat in the association of SCH with insulin resistance, MS, and coronary atheroscler
PMID 25053728

Japanese Journal

Clinical Outcome of Renal Artery Stenting for Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease up to 12 Months in the J-RAS Study : Prospective, Single-Arm, Multicenter Clinical Study

Fujihara Masahiko,Yokoi Yoshiaki,Abe Takaaki [他]
Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 79(2), 351-359, 2015-02
NAID 40020333950

Open Surgery for Giant Bilateral Internal Iliac Artery Aneurysms with Compression of Neighboring Abdominal Structures: A Case Report

Morishita Atsushi,Tomioka Hideyuki,Katahira Seiichiro,Hoshino Takeshi,Hanzawa Kazuhiko
Annals of Vascular Diseases advpub(0), 2015
… We describe a patient with successfully treated giant bilateral internal iliac artery aneurysms that were associated with acute renal failure secondary to bilateral hydronephrosis, lumbosacral plexopathy, and ileus. … After hemodialysis for 1 month, the patient underwent graft replacement of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries, including complete obliteration of the internal iliac artery branches, reconstruction of the inferior mesenteric artery, and ureterolysis. …
NAID 130005091154

Observation of Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia (ALHE) at Three Arterial Sites and Its Association with Membranous Nephropathy

Ito Seigo,Oda Takashi,Matsuo Akiko,Takechi Hanako,Uchida Takahiro,Watanabe Atsushi,Kono Takako,Shimazaki Hideyuki,Tamai Seiichi,Oshima Naoki,Kumagai Hiroo
Internal Medicine 54(15), 1933-1939, 2015
… A renal biopsy performed to assess nephrotic syndrome revealed MN. … We reevaluated the coronary and posterior tibial artery specimens obtained in his twenties and presumed that these lesions were also vascular tumors arising from ALHE. …
NAID 130005090920

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「腎動脈」
拡張検索	「renal artery occlusion」「renal artery stenosis」「unilateral renal artery stenosis」
関連記事	「renal」

「腎動脈」

Renal artery
	Renal arteries branching left and right from the aorta (in red)
	1. Renal pyramid; 2. Interlobular artery; 3. Renal artery; 4. Renal vein; 5. Renal hilum; 6. Renal pelvis; 7. Ureter; 8. Minor calyx; 9. Renal capsule; 10. Inferior renal capsule; 11. Superior renal capsule; 12. Interlobar vein; 13. Nephron; 14. Renal sinus; 15. Major calyx; 16. Renal papilla; 17. Renal column;
Details
Latin	Arteria renalis
Source	Abdominal aorta
Branches	Inferior suprarenal artery, segmental arteries
Vein	Renal vein
Supplies	Kidneys
Identifiers
Gray's	p.610
MeSH	A07.231.114.745
Dorlands; /Elsevier	a_61/12155727
TA	A12.2.12.075
FMA	14751
	Anatomical terminology

　　[★]

英: renal artery (Z)
ラ: arteria renalis
関: 腎臓、腎静脈

臨床関連

腎血管性高血圧

腎動脈狭窄

「renal artery occlusion」

　　[★]

腎動脈閉塞症、腎動脈閉塞

関: renal artery obstruction

「renal artery stenosis」

　　[★] 腎動脈狭窄、腎動脈狭窄症

関: renal artery obstruction

「unilateral renal artery stenosis」

　　[★]

片側腎動脈狭窄、片側腎動脈狭窄症

「renal」

　　[★]

adj.

腎臓の、腎性の、腎の

関: kidney、renally

[1] Kem, D. C.; Lyons, D. F.; Wenzl, J.; Halverstadt, D.; Yu, X. (2005). "Renin-Dependent Hypertension Caused by Nonfocal Stenotic Aberrant Renal Arteries: Proof of a New Syndrome". Hypertension 46 (2): 380–5. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.0000171185.25749.5b. PMID 15967872.

[2] Ottesen, Johnny T.; Danielsen, Michael, eds. (2000). Mathematical Modelling in Medicine. IOS Press. ISBN 978-4-274-90318-2. ^{[page needed]}

[3] Renal Artery Aneurysm at eMedicine

[4] Aytac, Suat K.; Yigit, Hasan; Sancak, Tanzer; Ozcan, Hasan (2003). "Correlation between the diameter of the main renal artery and the presence of an accessory renal artery: sonographic and angiographic evaluation". Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 22 (5): 433–9; quiz 440–2. PMID 12751854.

[5] Saldarriaga, Bladimir; Pinto, Sergio A; Ballesteros, Luis E (2008). "Morphological Expression of the Renal Artery: A Direct Anatomical Study in a Colombian Half-caste Population". International Journal of Morphology 26 (1): 31–8. doi:10.4067/S0717-95022008000100005.

[6] ttp://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/Cardiovascular/Text/Arteries/Renal.shtml^{[full citation needed]}

匿名

検索

案内

案内

renal artery