WordNet

the attribute of being superfluous and unneeded; "the use of industrial robots created redundancy among workers" (同)redundance
repetition of an act needlessly
(electronics) a system design that duplicates components to provide alternatives in case one component fails
repetition of messages to reduce the probability of errors in transmission

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/11/29 06:31:14」(JST)

Redundancy or redundant may refer to:

Data redundancy, database systems which have a field that is repeated in two or more tables
Redundancy (engineering), the duplication of critical components or functions of a system with the intention of increasing reliability
Redundancy (information theory), the number of bits used to transmit a message minus the number of bits of actual information in the message
Redundancy in total quality management, quality which exceeds the required quality level, creating unnecessarily high costs
Redundancy (user interfaces), the same task executed by several different methods
Redundant code, computer program code that has no effect on program output
Redundancy check, error detection made possible by adding redundant information to a message or signal
Logic redundancy, a digital gate network containing circuitry that does not affect the static logic function

Codon redundancy, the redundancy of the genetic code exhibited as the multiplicity of three-codon combinations
Cytokine redundancy, a term in immunology referring to the phenomenon in which, and the ability of, multiple cytokines to exert similar actions
Gene redundancy, the existence of several genes in the genome of an organism that perform the same role to some extent

Layoff, termination of employment of a person whose post becomes unnecessary
Voluntary redundancy, termination of employment by agreement between employee and employer
Redundancy in English law, redundancy in English labour law refers to the dismissal of an employee

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Docherty KM1, Aiello SW2, Buehler BK2, Jones SE3, Szymczyna BR4, Walker KA2.
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