WordNet

undergo a test; "She doesnt test well"
any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc; "the test was standardized on a large sample of students" (同)mental test, mental testing, psychometric test
the act of undergoing testing; "he survived the great test of battle"; "candidates must compete in a trial of skill" (同)trial
the act of testing something; "in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately"; "he called each flip of the coin a new trial" (同)trial, run
a hard outer covering as of some amoebas and sea urchins
put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to; "This approach has been tried with good results"; "Test this recipe" (同)prove, try, try out, examine, essay
achieve a certain score or rating on a test; "She tested high on the LSAT and was admitted to all the good law schools"
determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
show a certain characteristic when tested; "He tested positive for HIV"
an examination of the characteristics of something; "there are laboratories for commercial testing"; "it involved testing thousands of children for smallpox"
the act of subjecting to experimental test in order to determine how well something works; "they agreed to end the testing of atomic weapons"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(人の能力などの)『試験』,考査,テスト / (物事の)『試験』,検済,試錬,実験《+of+名》 / 化学分析;試薬 / =test match / …‘を'『試験する』,検査する / …‘を'化学分析する / (…の)試験を受ける,試験をする《+for+名》

UpToDate Contents

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1. アレルギーのin vitro検査の概要 overview of in vitro allergy tests
2. 食物アレルギーの診断的評価 diagnostic evaluation of food allergy
3. アレルギー疾患のための皮膚試験の概要 overview of skin testing for allergic disease
4. ピーナッツ　、木の実、および種子アレルギー：診断 peanut tree nut and seed allergy diagnosis
5. アナフィラキシー：診断の確定および誘発因子の判定 anaphylaxis confirming the diagnosis and determining the triggers

English Journal

Evaluation of reduced allergenicity of deamidated gliadin in a mouse model of wheat-gliadin allergy using an antibody prepared by a Peptide containing three epitopes.

Abe R1, Shimizu S, Yasuda K, Sugai M, Okada Y, Chiba K, Akao M, Kumagai H, Kumagai H.Author information 1Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University , 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi 252-0880, Japan.AbstractGliadin is the principal allergen of wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA). The primary structure of IgE-binding epitopes in wheat gliadin includes tandem sequencing sites of glutamine residues. Therefore, deamidation would be an effective approach to reduce the allergenicity of wheat proteins. In our previous study, we deamidated wheat gliadin without causing peptide-bond hydrolysis or polymerization by use of carboxylated cation-exchange resins, and we found that the deamidated gliadin scarcely reacted with the sera of patients radioallergosorbent test (RAST)-positive to wheat. In this study, we examined the allergenicity of deamidated gliadin in a mouse model of wheat-gliadin allergy. Oral administration of deamidated gliadin to gliadin-sensitized mice suppressed enhancement in intestinal permeability, serum allergen level, serum allergen-specific IgE level, mast-cell-surface expression of FcεRI, and serum and intestinal histamine levels. Our results indicate that gliadin deamidated with no peptide-bond hydrolysis by cation-exchange resins has low allergenicity even under in vivo conditions.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.J Agric Food Chem.2014 Apr 2;62(13):2845-52. doi: 10.1021/jf4034078. Epub 2014 Mar 21.
Gliadin is the principal allergen of wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA). The primary structure of IgE-binding epitopes in wheat gliadin includes tandem sequencing sites of glutamine residues. Therefore, deamidation would be an effective approach to reduce the allergenicity of wheat
PMID 24617642

The role of mepolizumab in atopic and nonatopic severe asthma with persistent eosinophilia.

Ortega H1, Chupp G, Bardin P, Bourdin A, Garcia G, Hartley B, Yancey S, Humbert M.Author information 1Respiratory Medicine Development Center, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.AbstractTo the Editor:Atopy is a common finding in asthma, but at least one third of severe asthmatics have no evidence of atopy (so-called "intrinsic" asthma) 1-4. Despite the uncertainty of the mechanisms leading to nonatopic asthma, these patients have no history of allergic respiratory disease, no detectable specific IgE to common aeroallergens, and no positive skin-prick test. One hypothesis suggests that differences in the phenotypes might be driven by the local, and not by the systemic, production of IgE 5. Eosinophils are involved in diverse inflammatory responses irrespective of atopy. Eosinophilic inflammation and IgE production are promoted by T-helper cell (Th)2 cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-5, IL-4 and IL-13. IL-4/IL-13 are major factors involved in Th2 differentiation and IgE class switching 6, while IL-5 is involved primarily in eosinophil growth, survival, activation, and in mediating inflammation.Recurrent asthma exacerbations are a major problem in some patients and can predominate in a subgroup of asthmatics with elevated eosinophils, irrespective of their atopic status 2, 7. Mepolizumab, a humanised monoclonal antibody against IL-5, selectively inhibits eosinophilic airway inflammation and has been shown to be associated with a significant reduction in severe asthma exacerbations irrespective of the baseline IgE levels or radioallergosorbent test (RAST) status.
The European respiratory journal.Eur Respir J.2014 Mar 23. [Epub ahead of print]
To the Editor:Atopy is a common finding in asthma, but at least one third of severe asthmatics have no evidence of atopy (so-called "intrinsic" asthma) 1-4. Despite the uncertainty of the mechanisms leading to nonatopic asthma, these patients have no history of allergic respiratory disease, no detec
PMID 24659543

IgE to penicillins with different specificities can be identified by a multiepitope macromolecule: Bihaptenic penicillin structures and IgE specificities.

Ariza A1, Barrionuevo E2, Mayorga C3, Montañez MI4, Perez-Inestrosa E5, Ruiz-Sánchez A6, Rodríguez-Guéant RM7, Fernández TD8, Guéant JL9, Torres MJ10, Blanca M11.Author information 1Research Laboratory, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, UMA, Plz. del Hospital Civil s/n, 29009 Malaga, Spain. Electronic address: adriana.ariza@fundacionimabis.org.2Allergy Unit, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, UMA, Plza. Hospital Civil s/n, 29009 Málaga, Spain. Electronic address: esther.barrionuevo@hotmail.com.3Research Laboratory, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, UMA, Plz. del Hospital Civil s/n, 29009 Malaga, Spain. Electronic address: mayorga.lina@gmail.com.4Research Laboratory, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, UMA, Plz. del Hospital Civil s/n, 29009 Malaga, Spain; Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology - BIONAND, C/Severo Ochoa 35, 29590, Campanillas, Malaga, Spain. Electronic address: maribel.montanez@fundacionimabis.org.5Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology - BIONAND, C/Severo Ochoa 35, 29590, Campanillas, Malaga, Spain; Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain. Electronic address: inestrosa@uma.es.6Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology - BIONAND, C/Severo Ochoa 35, 29590, Campanillas, Malaga, Spain; Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Malaga, Spain. Electronic address: ajruizs@uma.es.7Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nancy, 9 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, B.P. 184, 54505 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France. Electronic address: rosa-maria.gueant-rodriguez@univ-lorraine.fr.8Research Laboratory, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, UMA, Plz. del Hospital Civil s/n, 29009 Malaga, Spain. Electronic address: tahiadfd@gmail.com.9Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nancy, 9 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, B.P. 184, 54505 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France. Electronic address: jean-louis.gueant@univ-lorraine.fr.10Allergy Unit, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, UMA, Plza. Hospital Civil s/n, 29009 Málaga, Spain. Electronic address: mjtorresj@gmail.com.11Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nancy, 9 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, B.P. 184, 54505 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France; Allergy Unit, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, UMA, Plza. Hospital Civil s/n, 29009 Málaga, Spain. Electronic address: mblancago@gmail.com.AbstractQuantitation of specific IgE by immunoassay is a recommended in vitro test for the diagnosis of immediate hypersensitivity reactions to betalactams (BLs), particularly when skin test results are negative. IgE antibodies that recognize the common nuclear structure of all BLs or the specific side chain structure can be mainly distinguished by immunoassays. The aim of this study was to develop an immunoassay system to detect IgE antibodies with different specificities. Cellulose discs conjugated with benzylpenicillin (BP), amoxicillin (AX) or both drugs, with poly-l-lysine (PLL) as carrier molecule, were used as solid phases in the radioallergosorbent test (RAST). Direct and inhibition radioimmunoassay studies were made to verify the structures recognized by serum IgE antibodies from penicillin-allergic patients. Our results indicated that the addition of both haptens did not decrease the capacity to capture IgE when serum specific to either BP or AX was used, at least in terms of sensitivity. In addition, the inclusion of two haptens improved significantly the levels of IgE detection in patients who recognized both BP and AX. Therefore, the use of a solid phase with a carrier molecule conjugated with two determinants (AX and BP) is helpful to recognize IgE antibodies against either of these determinants and is useful for screening sera with different specificities.
Journal of immunological methods.J Immunol Methods.2014 Mar 13. pii: S0022-1759(14)00075-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2014.03.001. [Epub ahead of print]
Quantitation of specific IgE by immunoassay is a recommended in vitro test for the diagnosis of immediate hypersensitivity reactions to betalactams (BLs), particularly when skin test results are negative. IgE antibodies that recognize the common nuclear structure of all BLs or the specific side chai
PMID 24631718

Japanese Journal

Three Cases of Bronchial Asthma Preceding IgG4-Related Autoimmune Pancreatitis

Ito Satoru,Ko Shigeru B.H.,Morioka Masataka,Imaizumi Kazuyoshi,Kondo Masashi,Mizuno Nobumasa,Hasegawa Yoshinori
Allergology International 61(1), 171-174, 2012
… The radioallergosorbent tests were positive for common allergens such as mites and house dust. …
NAID 130004873035

ブラインド法乾燥食品粉末食物負荷試験に関する検討(第2報) : 牛乳負荷試験

小俣貴嗣,宿谷明紀,今井孝成 [他],田知本寛,海老澤元宏
アレルギー 58(7), 779-789, 2009-07-30
… 性症状を呈し,1例のみが加熱牛乳摂取可能であった.負荷試験陽性群,陰性群の比較ではskin prick test(SPT)陽性率と気管支喘息(BA)合併率で陽性群が有意に高値であった.SPTの感度は97.3%,特異度17.4%であり,IgE CAP-Radioallergosorbent test(IgE CAP-RAST)の感度は100%,特異度は15.2%であった.【結語】(1)ブラインド負荷試験は耐性獲得の診断に有用であり,負荷試験結果に加熱の影響があったのは1例のみであった.(2)牛乳負荷試験では呼吸器症状 …
NAID 110007339571

小麦によるＦｏｏｄ‐ｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔ　Ｅｘｅｒｃｉｓｅ‐ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ　Ａｎａｐｈｙｌａｘｉｓ（ＦＤＥＩＡ）―アスピリン前投与と運動負荷により誘発された１例―:—アスピリン前投与と運動負荷により誘発された1例—

生垣英之,皆川茜,小金平容子,河内繁雄,斎田俊明
西日本皮膚科 70(3), 253-256, 2008
35歳，男性。2002年12月，どくだみ茶とチョコレートパンを摂取した後に散歩中，全身にそう痒を感じ，意識混濁をきたした。小麦，グルテン，チョコレートのRASTは陰性。小麦の皮内テスト·プリックテストは陽性。小麦によるFDEIAを疑い誘発テストを施行した。アスピリン500mg内服の60分後にチョコレートパン2個を摂取させ，その30分後より病棟内で散歩を開始したところ，25分後に膨疹が誘発された。こ …
NAID 130004831637