関: anlage、anlagen、germ、placode、primordium

WordNet

a small apparently simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism
an organ in its earliest stage of development; the foundation for subsequent development (同)anlage
an achondroplastic dwarf whose small size is the result of a genetic defect; body parts and mental and sexual development are normal (同)hypoplastic dwarf, true dwarf, normal dwarf

PrepTutorEJDIC

細菌,ばい菌 / (植物の)胚(はい),幼芽;(動物の)卵子 / 原因;(発達の)初期
原始の,最初からある

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/21 13:52:48」(JST)

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Root primordia (brown spots) as seen on the butt of a freshly cut pineapple crown intended for vegetative reproduction.

A primordium (/praɪˈmɔːrdiːəm/; plural: primordia) in embryology, is defined as an organ or tissue in its earliest recognizable stage of development.^[1] Cells of the primordium are called primordial cells. A primordium is the simplest set of cells capable of triggering growth of the would-to-be organ and the initial foundation from which an organ is able to grow.

Although it is frequently used term in plant biology, the terminology is used in biology of all multicellular organisms (for example: primordium of tooth in animals, primordium of leaf in plants or primordium of sporophore in mushroom.^[2])

Primordium development in plants

Plants produce both leaf and flower primordia cells at the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Primordia developments in plants is critical to the proper positioning and development of plant organs. The process of primordia development is intricately regulated by a set of genes that affect the positioning, growth and differentiation of the primordium. Genes like the STM (shoot meristem less) and CUC (cup-shaped cotyledon) are involved in defining the borders of the newly formed primordium.^[3]

The plant hormone auxin has also been implicated in this process, with the new primordia being initiated at the placenta where the auxin concentration is the highest.^[3] There is still much to understand about the genes involved in primordia development.

Leaf primordia are a group of cells that will form into new leaves. These new leaves form near the top of the shoot and resemble knobby outgrowths or inverted cones.^[4] Flower primordia are the little buds we see at the end of stems, from which a flower will develop. Flower primordia start off as a crease or indentation and later form into a bulge. This bulging is caused by slower and less anisotropic, or directionally dependent, growth. (See anisotropy)

References

^ MedicineNet.com
^ Noble, R.; T. R. Fermor; S. Lincoln; A. Dobrovin-Pennington; C. Evered; A. Mead; R. Li (2003). "Primordia Initiation of Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) Strains on Axenic Casing Materials". Mycologia 95 (4): 620. doi:10.2307/3761938. ISSN 0027-5514.
^ ^a ^b Heisler, Marcus G.; Carolyn Ohno; Pradeep Das; Patrick Sieber; Gonehal V. Reddy; Jeff A. Long; Elliot M. Meyerowitz (2005). "Patterns of Auxin Transport and Gene Expression during Primordium Development Revealed by Live Imaging of the Arabidopsis Inflorescence Meristem". Current Biology 15 (21): 1899–1911. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2005.09.052. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 16271866.
^ http://www.plant-biology.com

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1. 喉頭の先天異常 congenital anomalies of the larynx
2. 歯の解剖学的構造および発達 anatomy and development of the teeth
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English Journal

The three leg imaginal discs of Drosophila: "Vive la différence".

Schubiger G, Schubiger M, Sustar A.SourceDepartment of Biology, Box 351800, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Developmental biology.Dev Biol.2012 Sep 1;369(1):76-90. Epub 2012 Jun 5.
The imaginal discs of Drosophila are the larval primordia for the adult cuticular structures of the adult fly. Fate maps of different discs have been generated that show the localization of prospective adult structures. Even though the three legs differ in their morphology, only the fate map for the
PMID 22683807

EGFR-dependent network interactions that pattern Drosophila eggshell appendages.

Simakov DS, Cheung LS, Pismen LM, Shvartsman SY.SourceDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Israel.
Development (Cambridge, England).Development.2012 Aug;139(15):2814-20.
Similar to other organisms, Drosophila uses its Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) multiple times throughout development. One crucial EGFR-dependent event is patterning of the follicular epithelium during oogenesis. In addition to providing inductive cues necessary for body axes specification,
PMID 22782725

Japanese Journal

マドンナリリー（Lilium candidum L.）における種子発芽と実生球根の肥大に及ぼす温度の影響と球根の生育過程

河原林和一郎
園芸学研究 14(2), 179-189, 2015
マドンナリリーを我が国の生産園芸品目のひとつとすることを目的に研究を開始した．本報では，種子発芽と実生苗の球根生育に及ぼす温度や成長調節物質の影響について検討するとともに球根の生育過程を調査し，以下の結果を得た．種子の発芽から実生苗および一作球根の生育をとおして，15°C，19°Cが適し，27°C以上の高温は適さなかった．種子のABA処理は適温での発芽にほとんど影響なく，一方，高温での発芽阻害の回 …
NAID 130005086521

Production of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus-free Parthenocarpic Tomato Plants by Leaf Primordia-free Shoot Apical Meristem Culture Combined with in vitro Grafting

Koeda Sota,Takisawa Rihito,Nabeshima Tomoyuki,Tanaka Yuri,Kitajima Akira
The Horticulture Journal advpub(0), 2015
… Because signals of TYLCV were not detected in the shoot apical meristems (SAMs) of TYLCV-infected 'MPK-1' by in situ hybridization, elimination of TYLCV was conducted by regenerating plants from leaf primordia (LP)-free SAMs of parthenocarpic tomato cultivars. …
NAID 130005069280