WordNet
- turn into a carbonate
- a salt or ester of carbonic acid (containing the anion CO3)
- treat with carbon dioxide; "Carbonated soft drinks"
- a light soft silver-white metallic element of the alkali metal group; oxidizes rapidly in air and reacts violently with water; is abundant in nature in combined forms occurring in sea water and in carnallite and kainite and sylvite (同)K, atomic number 19
- having carbonation (especially artificially carbonated)
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 炭酸塩 / …'を'炭酸塩化する,炭酸で飽和させる / …'を'炭化させる
- ポタシウム,カリウム(金属元素;化学記号はK)
- 炭酸ガスを含む
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2018/07/08 18:59:45」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Potassium carbonate
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| Names |
| IUPAC name
Potassium carbonate
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| Other names
Carbonate of potash, Dipotassium carbonate, Sub-carbonate of potash, Pearl ash, Potash, Salt of tartar, Salt of wormwood.
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| Identifiers |
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CAS Number
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3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEBI |
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| ChemSpider |
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| ECHA InfoCard |
100.008.665 |
| E number |
E501 (acidity regulators, ...) |
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| RTECS number |
TS7750000 |
| UNII |
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InChI
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InChI=1S/CH2O3.2K/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;/q;2*+1/p-2 Y
Key: BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Y
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InChI=1/CH2O3.2K/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;/q;2*+1/p-2
Key: BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-NUQVWONBAS
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SMILES
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C(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+]
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| Properties |
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Chemical formula
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CK2O3 |
| Molar mass |
138.20 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance |
white, hygroscopic solid |
| Density |
2.43 g/cm3 |
| Melting point |
891 °C (1,636 °F; 1,164 K) |
| Boiling point |
decomposes |
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Solubility in water
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112 g/100 mL (20 °C)
156 g/100 mL (100 °C) |
| Solubility |
3.11 g/100 mL (25 °C) Methanol
insoluble in alcohol, acetone |
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Magnetic susceptibility (χ)
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−59.0·10−6 cm3/mol |
| Hazards |
| Safety data sheet |
ICSC 1588 |
| GHS pictograms |
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| GHS signal word |
Warning |
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GHS hazard statements
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H302, H315, H319, H335 |
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GHS precautionary statements
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P261, P305+351+338 |
| NFPA 704 |
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| Flash point |
Non-flammable |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): |
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LD50 (median dose)
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1870 mg/kg (oral, rat)[1] |
| Related compounds |
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Other anions
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Potassium bicarbonate |
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Other cations
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Lithium carbonate
Sodium carbonate
Rubidium carbonate
Caesium carbonate |
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Related compounds
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Ammonium carbonate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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| verify (what is Y ?) |
| Infobox references |
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Potassium carbonate (K2CO3) is a white salt, which is soluble in water (insoluble in ethanol)[2] and forms a strongly alkaline solution. It can be made as the product of potassium hydroxide's absorbent reaction with carbon dioxide. It is deliquescent, often appearing a damp or wet solid. Potassium carbonate is used in the production of soap and glass.
Contents
- 1 History
- 2 Production
- 3 Applications
- 4 References
- 5 Bibliography
- 6 External links
History
Potassium carbonate is the primary component of potash and the more refined pearl ash or salts of tartar. Historically, pearl ash was created by baking potash in a kiln to remove impurities. The fine, white powder remaining was the pearl ash. The first patent issued by the US Patent Office was awarded to Samuel Hopkins in 1790 for an improved method of making potash and pearl ash.
In late 18th century North America, before the development of baking powder, pearl ash was used as a leavening agent in quick breads.[3]
Production
Today, potassium carbonate is prepared commercially by the electrolysis of potassium chloride. The resulting potassium hydroxide is then carbonated using carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate, which is often used to produce other Potassium compounds.
- 2KOH + CO2 → K2CO3 + H2O
Applications
- (historically) for soap, glass, and china production
- as a mild drying agent where other drying agents, such as calcium chloride and magnesium sulfate, may be incompatible. It is not suitable for acidic compounds, but can be useful for drying an organic phase if one has a small amount of acidic impurity. It may also be used to dry some ketones, alcohols, and amines prior to distillation.[4]
- in cuisine, where it has many traditional uses. It is an ingredient in the production of grass jelly, a food consumed in Chinese and Southeast Asian cuisines, as well as Chinese noodles and moon cake. It is used to tenderize tripe. German gingerbread recipes often use potassium carbonate as a baking agent, although in combination with hartshorn. It is however important that the right quantities are used to prevent harm, and cooks should not use it without guidance.
- in the production of cocoa powder to balance the pH (i.e., reduce the acidity) of natural cocoa beans; it also enhances aroma. The process of adding potassium carbonate to cocoa powder is usually called "Dutching" (and the products referred to as Dutch-processed cocoa powder), as the process was first developed in 1828 by Coenrad Johannes van Houten, a Dutchman.
- as a buffering agent in the production of mead or wine.
- in antique documents, it is reported to have been used to soften hard water.[5]
- as a fire suppressant in extinguishing deep-fat fryers and various other B class-related fires.
- in condensed aerosol fire suppression, although as the byproduct of potassium nitrate.
- as an ingredient in welding fluxes, and in the flux coating on arc-welding rods.
- as an animal feed ingredient to satisfy the potassium requirements of farmed animals such as broiler breeders.
References
- ^ Chambers, Michael. "ChemIDplus - 584-08-7 - BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L - Potassium carbonate [USP] - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information". chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 2014-08-11.
- ^ Yu. Platonov, Andrew; Evdokimov, Andrey; Kurzin, Alexander; D. Maiyorova, Helen (29 June 2002). "Solubility of Potassium Carbonate and Potassium Hydrocarbonate in Methanol". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. 47. doi:10.1021/je020012v. Archived from the original on 10 May 2018 – via ResearchGate.
- ^ See references to "pearl ash" in "American Cookery" by Amelia Simmons, printed by Hudson & Goodwin, Hartford, 1796.
- ^ Leonard, J.; Lygo, B.; Procter, G. "Advanced Practical Organic Chemistry" 1998, Stanley Thomas Publishers Ltd
- ^ Child, Lydia M. "The American Frugal Housewife" 1832
Bibliography
- A Dictionary of Science, Oxford University Press, New York, 2004
External links
- International Chemical Safety Card 1588
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Potassium compounds
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- KAsO2
- KBr
- KBrO3
- KCN
- KCNO
- KCl
- KClO
- KClO3
- KClO4
- KF
- KH
- KHCO2
- KHCO3
- KHF2
- KHS
- KHSO3
- KHSO4
- KH2AsO4
- KH2PO3
- KH2PO4
- KI
- KIO3
- KIO4
- KMnO4
- KN3
- KNH2
- KNO2
- KNO3
- KOCN
- KOH
- KO2
- KPF6
- KSCN
- KCH3COO
- K2Al2O4
- K2CO3
- K2CrO4
- K2Cr2O7
- K2FeO4
- K2HPO4
- K2MnO4
- K2O
- K2O2
- K2PtCl4
- K2PtCl6
- K2S
- K2SeO4
- K2SO3
- K2SO4
- KHSO5
- K2S2O5
- K2S2O7
- K2S2O8
- K2Po
- K2SiO3
- K3[Fe(CN)6]
- K3[Fe(C2O4)3]
- K4[Fe(CN)6]
- K3PO4
- K4Mo2Cl8
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| Authority control |
- GND: 4163061-0
- HDS: 14006
- NDL: 00572682
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- The fate of Bacillus cereus and Geobacillus stearothermophilus during alkalization of cocoa as affected by alkali concentration and use of pre-roasted nibs.
- Pia AKR, Pereira APM, Costa RA, Alvarenga VO, Freire L, Carlin F, Sant'Ana AS.
- Food microbiology. 2019 Sep;82()99-106.
- Alkalization is a step of cocoa processing and consists of the use of alkali and high temperature to improve the sensorial and technological qualities of cocoa. Intense food processing can select spores, which can compromise safety and quality of the final product. Thus, the aim of this study was to
- PMID 31027825
- Antifungal activity of GRAS salts against Lasiodiplodia theobromae in vitro and as ingredients of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-lipid composite edible coatings to control Diplodia stem-end rot and maintain postharvest quality of citrus fruit.
- Guimarães JER, de la Fuente B, Pérez-Gago MB, Andradas C, Carbó R, Mattiuz BH, Palou L.
- International journal of food microbiology. 2019 Jul;301()9-18.
- A large amount of GRAS (generally recognized as safe) salts and concentrations were evaluated in in vitro tests (inhibition of mycelial growth on PDA dishes) against Lasiodiplodia theobromae, the causal agent of citrus Diplodia stem-end rot. Ammonium carbonate (AC, 0.2%), potassium sorbate (PS, 2.0%
- PMID 31055161
- Spray-chilling encapsulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline zinc chloride using hydrophobic materials: Storage stability and flavor application in food.
- Yin Y, Cadwallader KR.
- Food chemistry. 2019 Apr;278()738-743.
- 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) is a popular yet highly unstable aroma compound, which limits its commercial use as a flavoring ingredient. The stability and application of spray-chilled paraffin-coated microcapsules of 2AP zinc chloride complex (2AP-ZnCl) were investigated in this study. 2AP-ZnCl microc
- PMID 30583436
Japanese Journal
- No.76 炭酸カリウム賦活による高比表面積活性炭の製造(熱分解・コークス素(5))
- 林 順一,井出 翔子,大隈 修
- 石炭科学会議発表論文集 (49), 148-149, 2012-10-15
- … We produced an activated carbon with large specific surface area from the lignin mixed with urea or melamine by chemical activation using potassium carbonate. …
- NAID 110009560560
- Sonochemical Oxidation of Cyanide Using Potassium Peroxydisulfate as an Oxidizing Agent
- Cui Mingcan,Jang Min,Lee Seban,Khim Jeehyeong
- Jpn J Appl Phys 51(7), 07GD13-07GD13-4, 2012-07-25
- … In this study, carbonate and nitrate were found to be by-products of CN- oxidation while sulfate, carbonate and nitrate were by-products of SCN- oxidation. …
- NAID 150000104374
- 水酸化カリウム水溶液の濃度計算・調製方法に関するWeb自動サービス<数学・自然科学>
- 芦田 実
- 埼玉大学紀要. 教育学部 61(1), 201-214, 2012-03-00
- … water, acetic acid aqueous solution, nitric acid aqueous solution, sulfuric acid aqueous solution, solubilities of solid anhydrates, carbon dioxide and lime water, oxalic acid aqueous solution, sodium oxalate aqueous solution, potassium chloride aqueous solution, ammonium chloride aqueous solution, sodium hydrogencarbonate aqueous solution, sodium carbonate aqueous solution, solubilities of alums and related substances, hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution and production of oxygen, and already started service in the …
- NAID 120003959528
Related Links
- [Potassium Carbonate] [584-08-7] | 価格や在庫、物性値などの詳細情報ページです。 ... ・川口の在庫は即日，つくばの在庫は2〜3日以内の出荷となります。・詳細につきましては，お手数ですが営業部までお問い合わせください。
- Potassium Carbonate Potassium carbonateis the primary component of Potash, which has been used from early history in textile bleaching, glass manufacture and soap production. In 1742, Potassium carbonate was first identified by ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
炭酸、(化合物)炭酸塩
- 関
- carbonic、carbonic acid