関: PSTH

WordNet

set the speed, duration, or execution of; "we time the process to manufacture our cars very precisely"
a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something; "take time to smell the roses"; "I didnt have time to finish"; "it took more than half my time"
a suitable moment; "it is time to go"
adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time; "The good player times his swing so as to hit the ball squarely"
an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities); "he waited a long time"; "the time of year for planting"; "he was a great actor in his time"
regulate or set the time of; "time the clock"
the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
an instance or single occasion for some event; "this time he succeeded"; "he called four times"; "he could do ten at a clip" (同)clip
a persons experience on a particular occasion; "he had a time holding back the tears"; "they had a good time together"
assign a time for an activity or event; "The candidate carefully timed his appearance at the disaster scene"
shrub with terminal tufts of elongated leaves used locally for thatching and clothing; thick sweet roots are used as food; tropical southeastern Asia, Australia and Hawaii (同)Cordyline terminalis
the syllable naming the seventh (subtonic) note of any musical scale in solmization (同)te, si
the regulation of occurrence, pace, or coordination to achieve a desired effect (as in music, theater, athletics, mechanics)
the time when something happens
a bar chart representing a frequency distribution; heights of the bars represent observed frequencies
a more or less definite period of time now or previously present; "it was a sign of the times"

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〈U〉《冠詞をつけずに》(空間に対しての)『時間』,時 / 〈U〉(時計で示される)『時刻』 / 〈U〉(ある方式で決められる)『時間』,標準時 / 〈C〉〈U〉(特定の)『時』,おり,ころ / 〈U〉《しばしば A ~》(ある長さの)『時間』,期間 / 〈U〉(要する)『時間』;暇 / 《しばしば複数形で》(歴史上の)『時代』 / 《複数形で》時勢,景気 / 《one's ~》(個人の)一生;若いころ;生涯の特定の時期 / 〈U〉《しばしば A ~》(ある経験をした)『時間』 / 〈C〉『…回』,度 / 〈C〉『…倍』 / …の時間を定める / (…に)…の調子を合わせる《+名+to+名》 / …の時間を計る
シ(全音階の第7音)
時間の調節;時間を測定[記録]すること
(統計の)度数分布図,柱状図表
…掛ける

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/09/06 21:35:24」(JST)

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In neurophysiology, peristimulus time histogram and poststimulus time histogram, both abbreviated PSTH or PST histogram, are histograms of the times at which neurons fire. It is also sometimes called pre event time histogram or PETH. These histograms are used to visualize the rate and timing of neuronal spike discharges in relation to an external stimulus or event. The peristimulus time histogram is sometimes called perievent time histogram, and post-stimulus and peri-stimulus are often hyphenated.

The prefix peri, for through, is typically used in the case of periodic stimuli, in which case the PSTH show neuron firing times wrapped to one cycle of the stimulus. The prefix post is used when the PSTH shows the timing of neuron firings in response to a stimulus event or onset.^[1]

To make a PSTH, a spike train recorded from a single neuron is aligned with the onset, or a fixed phase point, of an identical stimulus repeatedly presented to an animal. The aligned sequences are superimposed in time, and then used to construct a histogram.^[2]

Construction procedure

Align spike sequences with the onset of a stimulus that is repeated n times. For periodic stimuli, wrap the response sequence back to time zero after each time period T, and count n as the total number of periods of data.
Divide the stimulus period or observation period T into N bins of size $\Delta$ .
Count the number of spikes k_i from all n sequences that fall in the bin i.
Draw a bar-graph histogram with the bar-height of bin i given by ${\frac {k_{i}}{n\Delta }}$ in units of estimated spikes per second at time $i\ \Delta$ .

The optimal bin size (assuming an underlying Poisson point process) Δ is a minimizer of the formula, (2k-v)/Δ², where k and v are mean and variance of k_i. ^[3]

References

^ Franklin Bretschneider and Jan R. De Weille (2006). Introduction to Electrophysiological Methods and Instrumentation. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-370588-6. Retrieved 2016-05-29.
^ Palm, G.; Aertsen, A. M.; Gerstein, G. L. (1988). "On the significance of correlations among neuronal spike trains". Biological Cybernetics. 59 (1): 1–11. PMID 3401513. doi:10.1007/BF00336885.
^ Shimazaki, H.; Shinomoto, S. (2007). "A method for selecting the bin size of a time histogram". Neural Computation. 19 (6): 1503–152. PMID 17444758. doi:10.1162/neco.2007.19.6.1503.

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English Journal

Cutaneous silent period evoked in human first dorsal interosseous muscle motor units by laser stimulation.

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Neurons as oscillators.

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A minimum-error, energy-constrained neural code is an instantaneous-rate code.

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Japanese Journal

磁気刺激による運動機能の解明

出江紳一
リハビリテーション医学 : 日本リハビリテーション医学会誌 38(8), 671-681, 2001-08-18
… An increase in the firing probability of a single motor unit induced by the corticospinal descending volleys emerges as peaks in the peristimulus-time histogram (PSTH). …
NAID 110001847621