WordNet

the upper surface of the mouth that separates the oral and nasal cavities (同)roof of the mouth
of or relating to a palace
either of two irregularly shaped bones that form the back of the hard palate and helps to form the nasal cavity and the floor of the orbits (同)palatine_bone, os palatinum
(Middle Ages) the lord of a palatinate who exercised sovereign powers over his lands (同)palsgrave
any of various important officials in ancient Rome
of or relating to a count palatine and his royal prerogatives
relating to or lying near the palate; "palatal index"; "the palatine tonsils" (同)palatine
a semivowel produced with the tongue near the palate (like the initial sound in the English word `yeast'
produced with the front of the tongue near or touching the hard palate (as `y' (同)palatalized, palatalised

PrepTutorEJDIC

口蓋(こうがい),上あご / (…に対する)味覚;好み《+『for』+『名』》
自領内で王権を持った / パラチン伯の / 〈C〉パラチン伯(自分の領土内で王権を行使できる昔の領主)
《名詞の前にのみ用いて》口蓋(こうがい)の / (子音の発音が)硬口蓋音の / 硬口蓋音

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/01/13 22:11:15」(JST)

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Not to be confused with palette (disambiguation) or pallet (disambiguation).

The palate /ˈpælɨt/ is the roof of the mouth in humans and other mammals. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity.^[1] A similar structure is found in crocodilians, but, in most other tetrapods, the oral and nasal cavities are not truly separate. The palate is divided into two parts, the anterior bony hard palate, and the posterior fleshy soft palate (or velum).^[2]^[3] The maxillary nerve branch of the trigeminal nerve supplies sensory innervation to the palate.

The hard palate forms before birth. If the fusion is incomplete, it is called a cleft palate. As the roof of the mouth was once considered the seat of the sense of taste, palate can also refer to this sense itself, as in the phrase "a discriminating palate". By further extension, the flavor of a food (particularly beer or wine) may be called its palate, as when a wine is said to have an oaky palate.

Etymology[edit]

The English synonyms palate and palatum, and also the related adjective palatine (as in palatine bone), are all from the Latin palatum via Old French palat, words that, like their English derivatives, refer to the "roof of the mouth."^[4]

The Latin word palatum and its derivatives mentioned above are all unrelated to a similar-sounding Latin word meaning palace, palatium, from which other senses of palatine and the English word palace itself derive.^[5]

Function[edit]

When functioning in conjunction with other parts of the mouth the palate produces certain sounds, particularly velar, palatal, palatalized, postalveolar, alveolo-palatal, and uvular consonants.^[6]

References[edit]

^ Wingerd, Bruce D. (1994). The Human Body Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology. Fort Worth: Saunders College Publishing. p. 166. ISBN 0-03-055507-8.
^ Wingerd, Bruce D. (1994). The Human Body Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology. Fort Worth: Saunders College Publishing. p. 478. ISBN 0-03-055507-8.
^ Goss, Charles Mayo (1966). Gray's Anatomy. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger. p. 1172.
^ Harper, Douglas (© 2001-2010). "palate (the entry for)". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 10 September 2011. "palate - late 14c., 'roof of the mouth,' from O.Fr. palat, from L. palatum 'roof of the mouth,' perhaps of Etruscan origin. Popularly considered the seat of taste, hence transferred meaning 'sense of taste' (1520s)." Check date values in: |date= (help)
^ Harper, Douglas (© 2001-2010). "palatine (the entry for)". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 10 September 2011. "palatine (adj.) - mid-15c., from M.Fr. palatin (15c.), from M.L. palatinus 'of the palace' (of the Caesars), from L. palatium (see palace). Used in English to mean 'quasi-royal authority.' Reference to the Rhineland state is from c.1580." Check date values in: |date= (help)
^ Goss, Charles Mayo (1966). Gray's Anatomy. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger. p. 1201.

Saladin, Kenneth (2010). Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. New York: McGraw Hill. p. 256.
Thompson, Gale (2005-2006). World of Anatomy and Physiology. Thompson Corporation. pp. Palate (Hard and Soft Palate). Check date values in: |date= (help)

UpToDate Contents

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2. 後天性上顎および硬口蓋欠損のマネージメント management of acquired maxillary and hard palate defects
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English Journal

Modified silk fibroin scaffolds with collagen/decellularized pulp for bone tissue engineering in cleft palate: Morphological structures and biofunctionalities.

Sangkert S1, Meesane J2, Kamonmattayakul S3, Chai WL4.
Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl.2016 Jan 1;58:1138-49. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.09.031. Epub 2015 Sep 12.
Cleft palate is a congenital malformation that generates a maxillofacial bone defect around the mouth area. The creation of performance scaffolds for bone tissue engineering in cleft palate is an issue that was proposed in this research. Because of its good biocompatibility, high stability, and non-
PMID 26478414

Neighborhood-Based Socioeconomic Position and Risk of Oral Clefts Among Offspring.

Lupo PJ1, Danysh HE1, Symanski E1, Langlois PH1, Cai Y1, Swartz MD1.
American journal of public health.Am J Public Health.2015 Dec;105(12):2518-25. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302804. Epub 2015 Oct 15.
OBJECTIVES: We determined the association between maternal neighborhood socioeconomic position (SEP) and the risk of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL±P) or cleft palate alone (CP) in offspring.METHODS: We obtained information on CL±P (n = 2555) and CP (n = 1112) cases and unaffec
PMID 26469673

Detailed Analysis of Clinicopathologic Factors Demonstrate Distinct Difference in Outcome and Prognostic Factors Between Surgically Treated HPV-Positive and Negative Oropharyngeal Cancer.

Iyer NG1,2, Dogan S3, Palmer F4, Rahmati R5, Nixon IJ4, Lee N6, Patel SG4, Shah JP4, Ganly I4.
Annals of surgical oncology.Ann Surg Oncol.2015 Dec;22(13):4411-21. doi: 10.1245/s10434-015-4525-0. Epub 2015 Mar 24.
BACKGROUND: Oropharyngeal cancers (OPC) secondary to human papillomavirus (HPV) infections likely represent a completely different disease compared with conventional head and neck cancers. Our objective was to analyze a surgically treated cohort to determine predictors of outcome in HPV-positive ver
PMID 25801358

Japanese Journal

基底細胞腺癌と扁平上皮癌が認められた口蓋多形腺腫由来癌の1例

日本口腔外科学会雑誌 = Japanese journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery 62(1), 10-14, 2016-01
NAID 40020721312

アイカルディ症候群を伴った女児に対する2度の全身麻酔経験

麻酔 65(1), 78-81, 2016-01
NAID 40020706574

Successfully Treated with Endovascular Therapy against Lower Cranial Nerve Paresis Caused by Spontaneous Dissection of the Cervical Internal Carotid Artery: A Case Report