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an abnormal condition in which cerebrospinal fluid collects in the ventricles of the brain; in infants it can cause abnormally rapid growth of the head and bulging fontanelles and a small face; in adults the symptoms are primarily neurological (同)hydrocephaly

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1. 水頭症 hydrocephalus
2. 正常圧水頭症 normal pressure hydrocephalus
3. 新生児における脳室内出血のマネージメントおよび合併症 management and complications of intraventricular hemorrhage in the newborn
4. キアリ奇形 chiari malformations
5. 幼児および小児における巨頭症：病因および評価 macrocephaly in infants and children etiology and evaluation

Oka M1, Shimojima K2,3, Yamamoto T2, Hanaoka Y1, Sato S4, Yasuhara T5, Yoshinaga H1, Kobayashi K1.
Clinical genetics.Clin Genet.2016 Feb 2. doi: 10.1111/cge.12752. [Epub ahead of print]
The p.Asp211Gly homozygous HYLS1 mutation is so far known to cause only hydrolethalus syndrome, a lethal malformation syndrome. We report living sibling patients with a homozygous no-stop mutation in exon 4 of HYLS1, NM_145014.2:c.900A>C (p.Ter300TyrextTer11) in the second decade of life. The pro
PMID 26830932

Poretti A1,2, Boltshauser E3, Huisman TA4.
Cerebellum (London, England).Cerebellum.2016 Feb;15(1):5-9. doi: 10.1007/s12311-015-0699-z.
The human cerebellum has a protracted development that makes it vulnerable to a broad spectrum of developmental disorders including malformations and disruptions. Starting from 19 to 20 weeks of gestation, prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can reliably study the developing cerebellum. Pre-
PMID 26166429

Neuropsychological Function in a Case of Dandy-Walker Variant in a 68-Year-Old Veteran.

Gross PL1, Kays JL1, Shura RD2,3.
Applied neuropsychology. Adult.Appl Neuropsychol Adult.2016 Jan-Feb;23(1):70-4. doi: 10.1080/23279095.2014.995791. Epub 2015 May 21.
Dandy-Walker syndrome (DWS) is a congenital brain malformation that is characterized by partial or complete agenesis of the cerebellar vermis and cystic dilatation of the 4th ventricle that shifts ventrolaterally to displace the cerebellar hemispheres. This case is a 68-year-old male veteran with co
PMID 25997155

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for treatment of noncommunicating syringomyelia associated with a Chiari I malformation and hydrocephalus : case report and pathophysiological considerations

Tekemetric intraventricular pressure measurements after ventriculostomy in a patient with noncommunicating hydrocephalus

Congenital Hydrocephalus in HTX-rats: Incidence, Pathophysiology, and Developmental Impairment

WADA Mitsuru
Neurologia medico-chirurgica 28(10), 955-964, 1988-10-15
… The pathophysiology and developmental impairment of congenital hydrocephalus were studied in an albino rat model (HTX). … Of 292 newborn HTX rats in a closed colony, 53% were found to have communicating hydrocephalus, which changed to noncommunicating hydrocephalus within 5 days of birth. … Three types of hydrocephalus were identified. …
NAID 110002277781

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