non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase

• 非受容体型チロシンホスファターゼ、非受容体型タンパク質チロシンホスファターゼ、非受容体型チロシン脱リン酸化酵素

WordNet

1. used to express refusal or denial or disagreement etc or especially to emphasize a negative statement; "no, you are wrong"
2. a negative; "his no was loud and clear"
3. referring to the degree to which a certain quality is present; "he was no heavier than a child" (同)no more
4. not in any degree or manner; not at all; "he is no better today"
5. quantifier; used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns for indicating a complete or almost complete lack or zero quantity of; "we have no bananas"; "no eggs left and no money to buy any"; "have you no decency?"; "did it with no help"; "Ill get you there in no time"
6. any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"
7. a cellular structure that is postulated to exist in order to mediate between a chemical agent that acts on nervous tissue and the physiological response
8. any of a group of enzymes that act as a catalyst in the hydrolysis of organic phosphates
9. an amino acid found in most proteins; a precursor of several hormones

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 《名詞の前に置いて》『一つも』(『一人も,少しも』)・・・『ない』 / 《補語につけて》『決して・・・でない』 / 《省略文で》・・・なし;・・・お断り / 《話》少ししか(あまり)・・・ない / (肯定の問いに対して)『いいえ』;(否定の問いに対して)はい,ええ / 《not, norの前に挿入して》『いや』,否 / 《形容詞の前に置その形容詞を否定して》…どころではない / 《比較級の前に置いて》ちっとも…でない,…と全く同じ / 《… or no の形で》…であってもなくても / 《驚き・困惑・不信などを表して》とんでもない / 《単数形で》『拒否』,「『いいえ』」という返事 / 《複数形で》反対[投]票
2. 蛋白(たんばく)質
3. =sense organ / 受信装置

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/01/17 15:36:22」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are a group of enzymes that remove phosphate groups from phosphorylated tyrosine residues on proteins. Protein tyrosine (pTyr) phosphorylation is a common post-translational modification that can create novel recognition motifs for protein interactions and cellular localisation, affect protein stability, and regulate enzyme activity. As a consequence, maintaining an appropriate level of protein tyrosine phosphorylation is essential for many cellular functions. Tyrosine-specific protein phosphatases (PTPase; EC 3.1.3.48) catalyse the removal of a phosphate group attached to a tyrosine residue, using a cysteinyl-phosphate enzyme intermediate. These enzymes are key regulatory components in signal transduction pathways (such as the MAP kinase pathway) and cell cycle control, and are important in the control of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and transformation.

Functions

Together with tyrosine kinases, PTPs regulate the phosphorylation state of many important signalling molecules, such as the MAP kinase family. PTPs are increasingly viewed as integral components of signal transduction cascades, despite less study and understanding compared to tyrosine kinases.

PTPs have been implicated in regulation of many cellular processes, including, but not limited to:

• Cell growth
• Cellular differentiation
• Mitotic cycles
• Oncogenic transformation

Classification

By mechanism

The PTP superfamily can be divided into four subfamilies.

Links to all 107 members of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family can be found in the template at the bottom of this article.

Class I

The class I PTPs, are the largest group of PTPs with 99 members, which can be further subdivided into

• 38 classical PTPs
  • 21 receptor tyrosine phosphatase
  • 17 nonreceptor-type PTPs
• 61 VH-1-like or dual-specific phosphatases (DSPs)
  • 11 MAPK phosphatases (MPKs)
  • 3 Slingshots
  • 3 PRLs
  • 4 CDC14s
  • 19 atypical DSPs
  • 5 Phosphatase and tensin homologs (PTENs)
  • 16 Myotubularins

Dual-specificity phosphatases (dTyr and dSer/dThr) dual-specificity protein-tyrosine phosphatases. Ser/Thr and Tyr dual-specificity phosphatases are a group of enzymes with both Ser/Thr (EC 3.1.3.16) and tyrosine-specific protein phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.48) activity able to remove the serine/threonine or the tyrosine-bound phosphate group from a wide range of phosphoproteins, including a number of enzymes that have been phosphorylated under the action of a kinase. Dual-specificity protein phosphatases (DSPs) regulate mitogenic signal transduction and control the cell cycle.

LEOPARD syndrome, Noonan syndrome, and Metachondromatosis are associated with PTPN11.

Class II

LMW (low-molecular-weight) phosphatases, or acid phosphatases act on tyrosine phosphorylated proteins, low-MW aryl phosphates and natural and synthetic acyl phosphates.

The class II PTPs contain only one member, low-molecular-weight phosphotyrosine phosphatase (LMPTP).

Class III

Cdc25 phosphatases (dTyr and/or dThr)

The Class III PTPs contains three members, CDC25 A, B, and C

Class IV

pTyr-specific phosphatases

The class IV PTPs contains four members, Eya1-4.

This class is believed to have evolved separately from the other three.

By location

Based on their cellular localization, PTPases are also classified as:

• Receptor-like, which are transmembrane receptors that contain PTPase domains. In terms of structure, all known receptor PTPases are made up of a variable-length extracellular domain, followed by a transmembrane region and a C-terminal catalytic cytoplasmic domain. Some of the receptor PTPases contain fibronectin type III (FN-III) repeats, immunoglobulin-like domains, MAM domains, or carbonic anhydrase-like domains in their extracellular region. In general, the cytoplasmic region contains two copies of the PTPase domain. The first seems to have enzymatic activity, whereas the second is inactive.
• Non-receptor (intracellular) PTPases

Common elements

All PTPases carry the highly conserved active site motif C(X)5R (PTP signature motif), employ a common catalytic mechanism, and possess a similar core structure made of a central parallel beta-sheet with flanking alpha-helices containing a beta-loop-alpha-loop that encompasses the PTP signature motif. Functional diversity between PTPases is endowed by regulatory domains and subunits.

Low-molecular-weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase Structure of a low-molecular-weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase. Identifiers Symbol LMWPc Pfam PF01451 InterPro IPR017867 SMART SM00226 SCOP 1phr SUPERFAMILY 1phr Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe PDBsum structure summary

Protein-tyrosine phosphatase Structure of Yersinia protein tyrosine phosphatase. Identifiers Symbol Y_phosphatase Pfam PF00102 Pfam clan CL0031 InterPro IPR000242 SMART SM00194 PROSITE PS50055 SCOP 1ypt SUPERFAMILY 1ypt Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe PDBsum structure summary

Dual-specificity phosphatase, catalytic domain Structure of the dual-specificity protein phosphatase VHR. Identifiers Symbol DSPc Pfam PF00782 Pfam clan CL0031 InterPro IPR000340 PROSITE PDOC00323 SCOP 1vhr SUPERFAMILY 1vhr Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe PDBsum structure summary

Protein-tyrosine phosphatase, SIW14-like Structure of a putative phosphoprotein phosphatase from Arabidopsis thaliana. Identifiers Symbol Y_phosphatase2 Pfam PF03162 Pfam clan CL0031 InterPro IPR004861 Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe PDBsum structure summary

Protein-tyrosine phosphatase-like, PTPLA Identifiers Symbol PTPLA Pfam PF04387 InterPro IPR007482 Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe PDBsum structure summary

Expression pattern

Individual PTPs may be expressed by all cell types, or their expression may be strictly tissue-specific. Most cells express 30% to 60% of all the PTPs, however hematopoietic and neuronal cells express a higher number of PTPs in comparison to other cell types. T cells and B cells of hematopoietic origin express around 60 to 70 different PTPs. The expression of several PTPS is restricted to hematopoietic cells, for example, LYP, SHP1, CD45, and HePTP.

References

External links

• PTP Summary and Relevant Publications at Monash University
• Protein-Tyrosine-Phosphatase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• EC 3.1.3.48

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR000106

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

• PTP1B promotes cell proliferation and metastasis through activating src and ERK1/2 in non-small cell lung cancer.

• Liu H1, Wu Y1, Zhu S1, Liang W1, Wang Z1, Wang Y1, Lv T1, Yao Y1, Yuan D1, Song Y2.
• Cancer letters.Cancer Lett.2015 Apr 10;359(2):218-25. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.01.020. Epub 2015 Jan 21.
• Previous studies have demonstrated that protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) can promote tumor progression in breast cancer, colon cancer and prostate cancer. Additionally, PTP1B acts as a tumor suppressor in other cancers, such as esophageal cancer and lymphoma. These findings suggest that PTP1B
• PMID 25617799

• A Cell Type-Specific Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 2 in Regulating ER Stress Signalling.

• Kasper SH1, Spalinger MR, Raselli T, Scharl M.
• Digestion.Digestion.2015 Mar 25;91(3):248-256. [Epub ahead of print]
• BACKGROUND/AIMS: Genetic polymorphisms within the gene locus encoding protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2) have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A recent study demonstrated that PTPN2 regulates ER stress signalling in pancreatic β-cells. Therefore, we inves
• PMID 25823847

• Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 12 expression is a good prognostic factor in resectable non-small cell lung cancer.

• Cao X1, Chen YZ1, Luo RZ1,2, Zhang L1,3, Zhang SL1,4, Zeng J1,4, Jiang YC1,4, Han YJ1,5, Wen ZS1,4.
• Oncotarget.Oncotarget.2015 Mar 14. [Epub ahead of print]
• Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 12 (PTPN12) has been considered to be a tumor suppressor in human cancer, but its clinical and prognostic significance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been well elucidated.A retrospective analysis of 215 patients with surgically resected N
• PMID 25868976

Japanese Journal

• Evaluation of PTPN22 polymorphisms and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in Japanese patients

• Horie Yukihiro,Kitaichi Nobuyoshi,Katsuyama Yoshihiko,Yoshida Kazuhiko,Miura Toshie,Ota Masao,Asukata Yuri,Inoko Hidetoshi,Mizuki Nobuhisa,Ishida Susumu,Ohno Shigeaki
• Molecular Vision 15, 1115-1119, 2009-06-03
• … Polymorphisms of the protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 22 gene (PTPN22) have recently been reported to be associated with susceptibility to several autoimmune diseases. …
• NAID 120001415121

• Differential expression of a novel murine non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase during differentiation of P19 embryonal carcinoma cells

• HERTOG J. D.
• Biochem Biophys Res Commun 184, 1241-1249, 1992
• NAID 80006490107

Related Links

• PTPN1 protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1 ...

The protein encoded by this gene is the founding member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, which was isolated and identified based on its enzymatic activity and amino acid sequence. PTPs catalyze the ...

• Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1-like ...

Looking for online definition of protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1-like in the Medical Dictionary? protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1-like explanation free. What is protein tyrosine phosphatase, non ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「非受容体型チロシンホスファターゼ」「非受容体型チロシン脱リン酸化酵素」「非受容体型タンパク質チロシンホスファターゼ」
関連記事	「phosphatase」「n」「tyrosine phosphatase」「receptor protein」「non」

「非受容体型チロシンホスファターゼ」

　　[★]

英

non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase

関

非受容体型タンパク質チロシンホスファターゼ、非受容体型チロシン脱リン酸化酵素

「非受容体型チロシン脱リン酸化酵素」

　　[★]

英

non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase

関

非受容体型チロシンホスファターゼ、非受容体型タンパク質チロシンホスファターゼ

「非受容体型タンパク質チロシンホスファターゼ」

　　[★]

英

non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase

関

非受容体型チロシンホスファターゼ、非受容体型チロシン脱リン酸化酵素

「phosphatase」

　　[★] ホスファターゼ、フォスファターゼ、脱リン酸化酵素、脱リン酸酵素

関

phosphohydrolase、phosphoric monoester hydrolase

　

「n」

　　[★]

• n.

• 例数

関

number of experiment、sample size

• pの前の[n]はmと記載する。synptom→symptom

「tyrosine phosphatase」

　　[★]

チロシンホスファターゼ

関

protein tyrosine phosphatase、PTP、PTPase

「receptor protein」

　　[★]

• 受容体タンパク質、レセプタータンパク質、受容体タンパク

「non」

　　[★]

• comb form.

• 非

関

un