WordNet

scatter in a mass or jet of droplets; "spray water on someone"; "spray paint on the wall"
a quantity of small objects flying through the air; "a spray of bullets" (同)spraying
a pesticide in suspension or solution; intended for spraying
water in small drops in the atmosphere; blown from waves or thrown up by a waterfall
flower arrangement consisting of a single branch or shoot bearing flowers and foliage
a jet of vapor
be discharged in sprays of liquid; "Water sprayed all over the floor"
cover by spraying with a liquid; "spray the wall with paint"
annihilation by reducing something to atoms (同)atomisation
separating something into fine particles (同)atomisation, fragmentation

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(花・葉・実をつけた)小枝;小枝形の装飾;小枝模様
〈U〉(水や他の液体の)『しぶき』,水煙 / 《a~》(…の)しぶき,奮霧《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉〈C〉噴霧液,散布液 / 〈C〉噴霧器,スプレー / (…に)…‘を'『吹きかける』《+『名』+『on(upon)』+『名』》 / (…に)しぶきをかける,しぶきになっって出る《+『on(over)』+『名』》

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/08/07 11:21:24」(JST)

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Look up atomisation, atomized, atomizers, atomizing, or nebulization in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Atomization or Atomizer may refer to:

The making of an aerosol, which is a colloid suspension of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in a gas
An apparatus using an atomizer nozzle
Sprays, mists, fogs, clouds and smoke, which appear to be atomized
A nebulizer, which is a device used to administer medication in the form of a mist inhaled into the lungs
The conversion of a vaporized sample into atomic components in atomic spectroscopy
Atomizer Geyser, a cone geyser in Yellowstone National Park
Atomizer (album), a 1986 album by Big Black
Atomizer (band), a British synthpop duo
In fiction, the complete disintegration of a targeted object into the atoms which constitute it is accomplished by shooting it with a disintegrator ray

The difference between a spectrometer or spectrophotometer for atomic absorption or molecular absorption is the need to convert the analyt solution into free atoms. The process of converting an analyt in solid, liquid or solution form to a free gaseous atom is called 'atomisation'. There are two methods for atomisation; flame atomisation and electrothermal atomisation.

In flame atomisation the sample is first converted into fine mist consisting of small droplets of the solution.This is done using a neubulizer assembly.The sample is aspirated into a spray chamber by passing a high pressure stream consisting of one or more cumbustion gases which are passed at the end of the capillary tube immersed in the sample.The impact of the sample with a glass impact bead produces an aerosol mist.The aerosol mist mixes with cumbust gases in the spray chamber before passing to the burner, where the flame thermal energy desolvates the aerosol mist towards dry aerosol particles. Subsequently, the thermal energy volatiles the particles producing the vapours consisting of molecular and ionic species and free atoms.

Difference between electro thermal atomization and flame atomization

In 'electro thermal atomization', the atom cloud is released into a relatively small volume of gas. In contrast, in flame atomization, the atom cloud is diluted by the high flow rate of gases and by expansion of gases during combustion;

With 'flame atomization', the liquid sample is aspirated into the flame by the venturi effect of the combustion gasses flowing through the burner. The flow of sample into the flame is typically in the range of several milliliters per minute. For this reason, flame AA requires milliliter-sized samples. With furnace atomization, a microliter-sized portion of sample is pipette into a small, open-ended graphite cylinder, which is located in the light beam of the instrument, and the cylinder is then heated by applying a high electrical potential across the cylinder. The vapor cloud thus produced is contained within the cylinder. The result of this method of heating is not only the consumption of much less sample, but the generation of a much more concentrated sample vapor, which translates to much higher sensitivity. The drawbacks of this technology (electro thermal atomization) as currently practiced is that it is more expensive (due mainly to the cost of the graphite tubes), and takes significantly longer to perform an analysis than with flame atomization (minutes versus seconds), and the graphite tubes, which must be replaced relatively frequently, are expensive.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における吸入剤の到達 delivery of inhaled medication in adults
2. 小児における薬剤ネブライザーの使用 use of medication nebulizers in children
3. 小児における喘息の急性増悪：救急外来によるマネージメント acute asthma exacerbations in children emergency department management
4. 成人における喘息の急性増悪の治療 treatment of acute exacerbations of asthma in adults
5. 人工呼吸器回路と人工呼吸器関連肺炎 the ventilator circuit and ventilator associated pneumonia

English Journal

Biopharmaceutical Characterization of Nebulized Antimicrobial Agents in Rats: 2. Colistin.

Gontijo AV1, Grégoire N2, Lamarche I2, Gobin P3, Couet W4, Marchand S5.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy.Antimicrob Agents Chemother.2014 Jul;58(7):3950-3956. Epub 2014 May 5.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of colistin following intrapulmonary administration of colistin sulfate in rats. Colistin was infused or delivered in nebulized form at a dose of 0.35 mg/kg of body weight in rats, and plasma drug concentrations were measure
PMID 24798284

Biopharmaceutical Characterization of Nebulized Antimicrobial Agents in Rats: 1. Ciprofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, and Grepafloxacin.

Gontijo AV1, Brillault J2, Grégoire N2, Lamarche I2, Gobin P3, Couet W4, Marchand S5.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy.Antimicrob Agents Chemother.2014 Jul;58(7):3942-3949. Epub 2014 May 5.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the biopharmaceutical characteristics of three fluoroquinolones (FQs), ciprofloxacin (CIP), moxifloxacin (MXF), and grepafloxacin (GRX), after delivery via a nebulized aerosol to rats. Bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) were conducted 0.5, 2, 4, and 6 h after FQ intr
PMID 24798283

Prediction of protein degradation during vibrating mesh nebulization via a high throughput screening method.

Hertel S1, Pohl T2, Friess W3, Winter G3.
European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V.Eur J Pharm Biopharm.2014 Jul;87(2):386-94. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.03.020. Epub 2014 Apr 4.
Maintaining the integrity of biopharmaceuticals is a major requirement for successful pulmonary delivery by nebulization. Sparing laborious nebulization tests, this study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of a high throughput, material saving surrogate method to predict protein stability after ne
PMID 24709473

Japanese Journal

治療法の選択肢を増やす、ネブライザー療法ネブライザー療法とは? (特集ネブライザー療法の導入)

城下幸仁
Clinic note : journal of clinical daily treatment for small animals 8(1), 10-14, 2012-01
NAID 40019145417

歯科用エアータービンハンドピース単体でのサックバック防止効果

中野雅子,小澤寿子,木村泰子,鰕原治子,新井高
日本歯科保存学雑誌 54(4), 269-275, 2011-08-31
歯科用エアータービンハンドピースのサックバック現象は,口腔内から唾液,血液,切削片を吸引することによって,エアータービンハンドピースだけではなくチューブのコネクターやユニットまでも汚染してしまう.患者ごとにエアータービンハンドピースを交換しても交叉感染は起こりうる.この研究では,異なる国内のメーカーによって作られた4種類の最新型エアータービンハンドピースのサックバック防止効果を評価した.1.サック …
NAID 110009419154

超音波を利用したナノ粒子合成と特性

荻崇,奥山喜久夫
エアロゾル研究 26(1), 36-41, 2011
… This review concludes that ultrasonic nebulization with subsequent pyrolysis is one of the effective methods to produce nanoparticles. …
NAID 130000655179

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