関: paranasal sinus

WordNet

commit a sin; violate a law of God or a moral law (同)transgress, trespass
violent and excited activity; "they began to fight like sin" (同)hell
estrangement from god (同)sinfulness, wickedness
an act that is regarded by theologians as a transgression of Gods will (同)sinning
the 21st letter of the Hebrew alphabet
an elongated rectangular bone that forms the bridge of the nose (同)nasal_bone, os_nasale
any of various air-filled cavities especially in the bones of the skull

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉(宗教・道徳上の)『罪』 / 〈C〉(宗教・道徳上の)『罪の行為』,罪悪 / 〈C〉《特におどけて》違反(過失)の行為 / (宗教・道徳上の)おきてを破る,罪を犯す / (…に)違反(過失)をする,背く《+『against』+『名』》
sine
《名詞の前にのみ用いて》鼻の / 鼻声の / (音声が)鼻音の / (音声で)鼻音;鼻音字([m][n][g])
洞(どう)(骨や組織の中の穴・くぼみなど);静脈洞

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/04/30 21:26:18」(JST)

wiki en

Paranasal sinuses are a group of four paired air-filled spaces that surround the nasal cavity (maxillary sinuses), above the eyes (frontal sinuses), between the eyes (ethmoid sinuses), and behind the ethmoids (sphenoid sinuses). The sinuses are named for the facial bones in which they are located.

Types in humans

Humans possess a number of paranasal sinuses, divided into subgroups that are named according to the bones within which the sinuses lie:

the maxillary sinuses, also called the maxillary antrechea and the largest of the paranasal sinuses, are under the eyes, in the maxillary bones.
the frontal sinuses, superior to the eyes, in the frontal bone, which forms the hard part of the forehead.
the ethmoid sinuses, which are formed from several discrete air cells within the ethmoid bone between the nose and the eyes.
the sphenoid sinuses, in the sphenoid bone at the center of the skull base under the pituitary gland.

The paranasal air sinuses are lined with respiratory epithelium (ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium).

Development

Paranasal sinuses form developmentally through excavation of bone by air-filled sacs (pneumatic diverticula) from the nasal cavity. This process begins prenatally, and it continues through the course of an organism's lifetime.

Sinuses in animals

Paranasal sinuses occur in a variety of animals (including most mammals, birds, non-avian dinosaurs, and crocodilians). In non-humans, the bones occupied by sinuses are quite variable.

Biological function

The biological role of the sinuses is debated, but a number of possible functions have been proposed:

Decreasing the relative weight of the front of the skull, and especially the bones of the face.
Increasing resonance of the voice.
Providing a buffer against blows to the face.
Insulating sensitive structures like dental roots and eyes from rapid temperature fluctuations in the nasal cavity.
Humidifying and heating of inhaled air because of slow air turnover in this region.
Regulation of intranasal and serum gas pressures
Immunological Defense

Ailments

For more details on this topic, see Sinusitis.

The paranasal sinuses are joined to the nasal cavity via small orifices called ostia. These become blocked easily by allergic inflammation, or by swelling in the nasal lining which occurs with a cold. If this happens, normal drainage of mucus within the sinuses is disrupted, and sinusitis may occur.

These conditions may be treated with drugs such as decongestants, which causes vasoconstriction in the sinuses, reducing inflammation, by traditional techniques of nasal irrigation, or by corticosteroid.

Malignancies of the paranasal sinuses comprise approximately 0.2% of all malignancies. About 80% of these malignancies arise in the maxillary sinus. Men are much more often affected than women. They most often occur in the age group between 40 and 70 years. Carcinomas are more frequent than sarcomas. Metastases are rare. Tumours of the sphenoid and frontal sinuses are extremely rare.

Etymology

Sinus is a Latin word meaning a fold or pocket; in particular the front pocket in a toga.

Additional images

Paranasal sinuses

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Paranasal sinus

Paranasal+sinuses at eMedicine Dictionary
The Anatomy Wiz: CT Paranasal Sinuses
Sinus Problems FAQ
Sinusitis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
University of Texas Medical Branch: Paranasal Sinus Anatomy and Function

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Stress analysis in oral obturator prostheses: imaging photoelastic.

Pesqueira AA, Goiato MC, Dos Santos DM, Haddad MF, Andreotti AM, Moreno A.AbstractABSTRACT. Maxillary defects resulting from cancer, trauma, and congenital malformation affect the chewing efficiency and retention of dentures in these patients. The use of implant-retained palatal obturator dentures has improved the self-esteem and quality of life of several subjects. We evaluate the stress distribution of implant-retained palatal obturator dentures with different attachment systems by using the photoelastic analysis images. Two photoelastic models of the maxilla with oral-sinus-nasal communication were fabricated. One model received three implants on the left side of the alveolar ridge (incisive, canine, and first molar regions) and the other did not receive implants. Afterwards, a conventional palatal obturator denture (control) and two implant-retained palatal obturator dentures with different attachment systems (O-ring; bar-clip) were constructed. Models were placed in a circular polariscope and a 100-N axial load was applied in three different regions (incisive, canine, and first molar regions) by using a universal testing machine. The results were photographed and analyzed qualitatively using a software (Adobe Photoshop). The bar-clip system exhibited the highest stress concentration followed by the O-ring system and conventional denture (control). Images generated by the photoelastic method help in the oral rehabilitator planning.
Journal of biomedical optics.J Biomed Opt.2013 Jun 1;18(6):61203. doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.18.6.061203.
ABSTRACT. Maxillary defects resulting from cancer, trauma, and congenital malformation affect the chewing efficiency and retention of dentures in these patients. The use of implant-retained palatal obturator dentures has improved the self-esteem and quality of life of several subjects. We evaluate t
PMID 23143194

Imaging of the paranasal sinuses.

Mossa-Basha M, Blitz AM.SourceDepartment of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: mmossab@uw.edu.
Seminars in roentgenology.Semin Roentgenol.2013 Jan;48(1):14-34. doi: 10.1053/j.ro.2012.09.006.
PMID 23158048

Japanese Journal

Neuroendoscopic Transnasal Surgery for Skull Base Tumors : Basic Approaches, Avoidance of Pitfalls, and Recent Innovations

SHIN Masahiro,KONDO Kenji,SAITO Nobuhito
Neurologia medico-chirurgica = 神経外科 52(10), 697-703, 2012-10-15
… With this technique, we can approach the anterior cranial base, parasellar region, clivus, cavernous sinus, and craniovertebral junction, less invasively than with conventional microsurgery. … The endonasal approach uses two nostrils without nasal specula and the mucosa on the sphenoid rostrum and the posterior margin of the nasal septum are removed. …
NAID 10030873285

鼻中隔神経鞘腫例 : 診療所での治療経験

正木義男
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 105(7), 700-701, 2012-07-01
NAID 10030773748

腺癌を合併した鼻腔内反性乳頭腫例

二之湯弦,吉本公一郎,椋代茂之 [他],西尾健志,久育男
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 105(6), 537-541, 2012-06-01
… A 57-year-old woman was seen for a left nasal obstruction due to a sinonasal tumor which a biopsy revealed as an inverted papilloma. … Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) was performed, which revealed histologically that it was in fact adenocarcinoma in situ. …
NAID 10030601221

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「鼻洞」
関連記事	「nasal」

「鼻洞」

Paranasal sinuses
	Paranasal sinuses.
	Lateral projection of the paranasal sinuses
Latin	sinus paranasales
Gray's	subject #223 998
Dorlands/Elsevier	Paranasal sinuses