WordNet

a long projecting or anterior elongation of an animals head; especially the nose (同)neb
beaklike projection of the anterior part of the head of certain insects such as e.g. weevils (同)rostrum
push or move with the nose
a small distance; "my horse lost the race by a nose"
a front that resembles a human nose (especially the front of an aircraft); "the nose of the rocket heated up on reentry"
the front or forward projection of a tool or weapon; "he ducked under the nose of the gun"
the organ of smell and entrance to the respiratory tract; the prominent part of the face of man or other mammals; "he has a cold in the nose" (同)olfactory_organ
a natural skill; "he has a nose for good deals"
a symbol of inquisitiveness; "keep your nose out of it"
the sense of smell (especially in animals); "the hound has a good nose"
advance the forward part of with caution; "She nosed the car into the left lane"
defeat by a narrow margin
an elongated rectangular bone that forms the bridge of the nose (同)nasal_bone, os_nasale
a long flexible snout as of an elephant (同)trunk
the human nose (especially when it is large)
small weevil having a prolonged snout; destructive to e.g. grains and nuts
having a snout that is shorter than average
having a snout that is longer than average

PrepTutorEJDIC

(豚などの突き出た)鼻;鼻先(口とあごも含むことがある) / 鼻先に似たもの;筒口,管先など
〈U〉刻みたばこ / 〈C〉巻きたばこ
『鼻』 / 《単数形で》(…に対する)『嗅覚』(きゅうかく)《+『for』+『名』》 / (鼻のように)突起した部分;船首,機首 / 《単数形で》(…を)かぎつける力《+『for』+『名』》 / 《副詞[句]を伴って》…‘を'鼻で押す,鼻でさわる(こする) / …‘を'鼻でかぐ,‘を'においをかぐ;…‘を'においで知る / (…の)においをかぐ《+『at』+『名』》 / 《副詞[句]を伴って》(用心しながら)鼻先を向けて進む
《名詞の前にのみ用いて》鼻の / 鼻声の / (音声が)鼻音の / (音声で)鼻音;鼻音字([m][n][g])
象(バクなど)の鼻 / (チョウやカなどの)口吻(ふん) / 《おどけて》異常に大きい人間の鼻

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/02/19 21:14:56」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

For other uses, see Snout (disambiguation).

Tapir (Tapirus terrestris) snout showing flehmen.

Snout of a male elephant seal.

A snout is the protruding portion of an animal's face, consisting of its nose, mouth, and jaw. In many animals the equivalent structure is called a rostrum or a proboscis.

Terminology

The term "muzzle", used as a noun, can be ambiguous. It can refer both to the protruding part of the face itself, and also to a type of apparatus placed over the protruding part to prevent the animal from biting or eating, often used before and after horse races or to control dogs. See animal muzzle for the latter meaning.

The wet, naked surface around the nostrils of the nose is known as the rhinarium (colloquially this is the "cold wet nose" of some animals). The rhinarium is often associated with a stronger sense of olfaction.^{[citation needed]}

Variation

Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus indicus). The extended proboscis is called the "trunk" and is used for a wide range of purposes, including feeding, drinking, exploration, and social grooming.

Snouts are found on many other mammals in a variety of shapes. Some animals, including ursines and great cats, have box-like snouts, while others, like shrews, have pointed snouts. Pig snouts are flat and cylindrical.

Dogs

The muzzle begins at the stop, just below the eyes, and contains the dog's nose and mouth. In the domestic dog, most of the upper muzzle contains organs for detecting scents. The loose flaps of skin on the sides of the upper muzzle that hang to different lengths over the mouth are called flews. The snout is considered a weak point on most animals: because of its structure, an animal can be easily stunned, snapped or even knocked out by applying sufficient force.

It is innervated by one of the twelve pairs of cranial nerves. These nerves start in the brain and emerge through the skull to their target organs. Other destinations of these nerves are eyeballs, teeth and tongue.

The muzzle shape of a domestic dog ranges in shape depending upon the breed, from extremely long and thin (dolichocephalic), as in the Rough Collie, to nearly nonexistent because it is so flat (extreme brachycephalic), as in the Pug. Some breeds, such as many sled dogs and Spitz types, have muzzles that somewhat resemble the original wolf's in size and shape, and others in the less extreme range have shortened it somewhat (mesocephalic) as in many hounds.

Dolichocephalic (long and thin head shape) Afghan Hound

Mesocephalic (medium length head shape) English Cocker Spaniel

The extreme brachycephalic snout of the Pug

Black and Tan Coonhound snout, showing the flews overhanging the lower jaw.

References

UpToDate Contents

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Body-size evolution on islands: are adult size variations in tiger snakes a nonadaptive consequence of selection on birth size?

Aubret F.SourceStation d'Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis Unité de Service et Recherche 2936, Moulis, 09200 Saint-Girons, France; and School of Biological Sciences A08, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
The American naturalist.Am Nat.2012 Jun;179(6):756-67. Epub 2012 Apr 19.
Abstract Mean adult size has been used as the traditional measure of body size to explain trends of insular gigantism and dwarfism in a wide array of taxa. However, patterns of variation in body size at birth have received surprisingly little attention, leaving open the possibility that adult body-
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Effects of herbicides and the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis on the health of post-metamorphic northern leopard frogs (Lithobates pipiens).

Paetow LJ, Daniel McLaughlin J, Cue RI, Pauli BD, Marcogliese DJ.SourceDepartment of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4B 1R6.
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Of Animals and Objects: Men's Implicit Dehumanization of Women and Likelihood of Sexual Aggression.

Rudman LA, Mescher K.Source1Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
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Although dehumanizing women and male sexual aggression are theoretically aligned, the present research provides the first direct support for this assumption, using the Implicit Association Test to assess two forms of female dehumanization: animalization and objectification. In Study 1, men who autom
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External Morphology of Adult Libythea celtis (Laicharting <1782>) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Kawahara Akito Y.,Ortiz-Acevedo Elena,Marshall Christopher J.
Zoological science 29(7), 463-476, 2012-07
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Color Pattern and Morphological Features of Dwarf Loach, Kichulchoia brevifasciata (Pisces: Cobitidae) from Korea

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… An oblique stripe from the snout tip to the eye disappeared with fish growth, concurrent with an increasing number of oval dots on the head. …
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Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Sexual Dimorphism and Allometric Growth in the Skull of the Japanese Grass Lizard, Takydromus tachydromoides (Reptilia: Lacertidae)

KIKUKAWA Nobuto,HIKIDA Tsutomu
Current Herpetology 31(2), 2012
… The analysis of SSD revealed that adult males have larger skull relative to the snout-vent length, and the analysis of SShD indicated that adult males have larger jaw muscle adductor chambers than adult females. …
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