WordNet

being roughly between 45 and 65 years old
a man who is roughly between 45 and 65 years old
put in the middle
time between the beginning and the end of a temporal period; "the middle of the war"; "rain during the middle of April"
the middle area of the human torso (usually in front); "young American women believe that a bare midriff is fashionable" (同)midriff, midsection
an intermediate part or section; "A whole is that which has beginning, middle, and end"- Aristotle
between an earlier and a later period of time; "in the middle years"; "in his middle thirties"
of a stage in the development of a language or literature between earlier and later stages; "Middle English is the English language from about 1100 to 1500"; "Middle Gaelic"
people who are old collectively; "special arrangements were available for the aged" (同)elderly
at an advanced stage of erosion (pronounced as one syllable); "aged rocks"
(used of tobacco) aging as a preservative process (`aged is pronounced as one syllable) (同)cured
advanced in years; (`aged is pronounced as two syllables); "aged members of the society"; "elderly residents could remember the construction of the first skyscraper"; "senior citizen" (同)elderly, older, senior
having attained a specific age; (`aged is pronounced as one syllable); "aged ten"; "ten years of age" (同)of age
of wines, fruit, cheeses; having reached a desired or final condition; (`aged pronounced as one syllable); "mature well-aged cheeses" (同)ripened
how long something has existed; "it was replaced because of its age"
a time of life (usually defined in years) at which some particular qualification or power arises; "she was now of school age"; "tall for his eld" (同)eld
begin to seem older; get older; "The death of his wife caused him to age fast"
make older; "The death of his child aged him tremendously"
any commodity of intermediate quality or size (especially when coarse particles of ground wheat are mixed with bran)

PrepTutorEJDIC

中年の;中年特有の
(空間的に)『まん中の』 / (時間・順序・数量などが)『中間の』,まん中の / 『平均の』,中ぐらいの / 《M-》(言語史で)中期の / 《the~》(場所・地域の)『まん中』,『中央』《+『of』+『名』》 / (時間・順序などの)まん中,(行為などの)最中《+『of』+『名』+(do『ing』)》 / 《話》《the~,one's~》(人の)胴,腰
《補語にのみ用い,数詞を伴って》…『歳の』 / (酒・チーズなどが)熟成した
年とった
〈U〉(一般に)『年齢』,寿命;〈C〉(個々の)『年齢』,年 / 〈U〉成年(おとなとしての資格・権利を得る年齢;通例18または21歳) / 〈U〉『老齢』;《集合的に》老人たち / 〈U〉(人生の)『一時期』;〈C〉世代(generation) / 〈U〉〈C〉《しばしばA-》(歴史上の)『時代』 / 〈C〉《話》長い間 / 年をとる,ふける;〈物が〉古くなる / 〈年〉'を'とらせる;〈物〉'を'古びさせる
(大きさ・質・程度などが)中位の,普通の / 中ぐらいに,かなり
=aging

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/01 04:02:49」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

For other uses, see Middle Ages (disambiguation).

Middle age is the period of age beyond young adulthood but before the onset of old age. Various attempts have been made to define this age, which is around the third quarter of the average life span of human beings.

Definitions[edit]

According to Collins Dictionary, this is "... usually considered to occur approximately between the ages of 41 and 60".^[1] The current edition of the Oxford English Dictionary gives a similar definition but with a shorter span: "The period of life between young adulthood and old age, now usually regarded as between about forty-five and sixty." The US Census lists middle age as including both the age categories 35 to 44 and 45 to 54, while prominent psychologist Erik Erikson saw it ending a little later and defines middle adulthood as between 40 and 65. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the standard diagnostic manual of the American Psychiatric Association, used to define middle age as 40–60, but as of Edition IV (1994) revised the definition upwards to 45–65.

Aging[edit]

Middle-aged adults often show visible signs of aging such as loss of skin elasticity and graying of the hair. Physical fitness usually wanes, with a 5–10 kg (10–20 lb) accumulation of body fat, reduction in aerobic performance and a decrease in maximal heart rate. Strength and flexibility also decrease throughout middle age. However, people age at different rates and there can be significant differences between individuals of the same age.^[2]

Both male and female fertility declines with advancing age.^[3]^[4] Advanced maternal age increases the risk of a child being born with some disorders such as Down syndrome. Advanced paternal age significantly increases the risk of miscarriage, as well as possibly slightly increasing the risk of Down syndrome, schizophrenia, autism, decreased intellectual capacity, and bipolar disorder.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8] Most women will experience menopause, which ends natural fertility, in their mid 40s or early 50s.^[9]^[10] However, fertility in women starts to decline in the 20s. Ten years before menopause, fertility is already very low.

In developed countries, yearly mortality begins to increase more noticeably from age 41 onwards, mainly due to age-related health problems such as heart disease and cancer.^[11]^[12] However, the majority of middle-age people in industrialized nations can expect to live into old age. Life expectancy in developing countries is much lower and the risk of death at all ages is higher.^[11]

Notes[edit]

^ middle age. CollinsDictionary.com. "Collins English Dictionary" - Complete & Unabridged 11th Edition. Retrieved December 05, 2012.
^ Shephard, Roy J. (7 March 1998). "Aging and Exercise". Encyclopedia of Sports Medicine and Science (T.D.Fahey). Retrieved 2007-06-26.
^ Rabin, Roni (2007-02-27). "It Seems the Fertility Clock Ticks for Men, Too". The New York Times. Retrieved 2009-10-16.
^ Fertility Treatment Less Successful After 35: In Vitro Fertilization Doesn't Compensate for Decreased Fertility With Age
^ Heubeck, MA, Elizabeth; Reviewed By Brunilda Nazario, MD (2005-06-29). "Age Raises Infertility Risk in Men, Too: Risks associated with men's biological clocks may be similar to women's.". WebMD. MedicineNet. Retrieved 2009-10-16. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
^ "Miscarriage significantly associated with increasing paternal age". Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health. 2006-08-03. Retrieved 2009-10-16.
^ Raeburn, Paul (February/March 2009). "The Father Factor: Could becoming a father after age 40 raise the risks that your children will have a mental illness? (PDF)". Scientific American Mind: 30–33. Retrieved 2009-10-16. Check date values in: |date= (help)
^ Cannon, Mary (2009-03-10). "Contrasting Effects of Maternal and Paternal Age on Offspring Intelligence". Public Library of Science. Retrieved 2009-10-16.
^ BBC - Health: Menopause
^ Cannon, Mary (2003-06-26). "Male Biological Clock is Ticking, Too". WebMD Health News. Retrieved 2009-10-16.
^ ^a ^b "Life Expectancy Profiles". BBC. 6 June 2005. Retrieved 2007-06-26.
^ "UK cancer mortality statistics by age". Cancer Research UK. May 2007. Retrieved 2007-06-26.

References[edit]

Collins Concise Dictionary 4th edition 1999 Collins (an imprint of Harper Collins Publishers) Glasgow ISBN 0-00-472257-4
AskOxford: middle age

External links[edit]

The Third Age
LifeTwo
Does Age Quash Our Spirit of Adventure?, a segment on NPR's All Things Considered on an aging study done by middle-age neuroscientist Robert Sapolsky
Ali Khan, Living Fully at Forty and Beyond

Preceded by Young Adult	Stages of human development Middle age	Succeeded by Old age

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English Journal

Symptomatic presentation with cervical cancer in Uganda: a qualitative study assessing the pathways to diagnosis in a low-income country.

Mwaka AD1, Okello ES, Wabinga H, Walter FM.
BMC women's health.BMC Womens Health.2015 Dec;15:167. doi: 10.1186/s12905-015-0167-4. Epub 2015 Feb 18.
BACKGROUND: Symptomatic cervical cancer patients in low- and middle-income countries usually present with late stage disease and have poor survival. We explored the views of cervical cancer patients on their symptom appraisal and interpretations, and their help-seeking including lay consultations.ME
PMID 25783641

Headache, migraine and risk of brain tumors in women: prospective cohort study.

Kurth T1, Buring JE, Rist PM.
The journal of headache and pain.J Headache Pain.2015 Dec;16(1):501. doi: 10.1186/s10194-015-0501-0. Epub 2015 Mar 1.
BACKGROUND: While headache is a common symptom among brain tumors patients, often patients with common headache have concerns of being at risk for developing brain tumors. We aimed to disprove that migraine or headache in general is associated with increased risk of developing brain tumors.METHODS:
PMID 25916329

Effects of flooring on required coefficient of friction: Elderly adult vs. middle-aged adult barefoot gait.

Rozin Kleiner AF1, Galli M2, Araujo do Carmo A3, Barros RM4.
Applied ergonomics.Appl Ergon.2015 Sep;50:147-52. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2015.02.010. Epub 2015 Apr 1.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of flooring on barefoot gait according to age and gender. Two groups of healthy subjects were analyzed: the elderly adult group (EA; 10 healthy subjects) and the middle-aged group (MA; 10 healthy subjects). Each participant was asked to walk at his
PMID 25959329

Japanese Journal

Clinical Features of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Elderly Patients

Shiraki Teruo,Saito Daiji
Acta Medica Okayama 65(6), 379-385, 2011-12
… The patients were divided into 3 groups according to age for comparison of variables:a younger group (n＝99) aged＜50, a middle-aged group (n＝435)＞51 years but＜70 years and an elderly group (n＝354) aged＞71 years. … Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia were more common in the middle-aged group (p＜0.05). …
NAID 120003644296

Selective upregulation of p66-Shc gene expression in the liver and brain of aged rats.

Sone Kiyoaki,Mori Mari,Mori Nozomu
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics -(-), -, 2011-11-28
… Here, we quantified the expression levels of transcripts of Shc-related isoforms in the liver and brain of young adult, middle-aged, and aged rats, and found that p66-Shc gene expression is specifically up-regulated in the aged liver and brain. … In the aged liver tissue, p66-Shc expression was also evident at the protein level, and accumulated in the soluble fraction of the aged tissue. …
NAID 120003627974