- 同
- LAK
WordNet
- overwhelm with hilarity, pleasure, or admiration; "The comedian was so funny, he was killing me!"
- cause to cease operating; "kill the engine"
- destroy a vitally essential quality of or in; "Eating artichokes kills the taste of all other foods"
- tire out completely; "The daily stress of her work is killing her"
- the destruction of an enemy plane or ship or tank or missile; "the pilot reported two kills during the mission"
- mark for deletion, rub off, or erase; "kill these lines in the Presidents speech" (同)obliterate, wipe_out
- thwart the passage of; "kill a motion"; "he shot down the students proposal" (同)shoot down, defeat, vote down, vote out
- be fatal; "cigarettes kill"; "drunken driving kills"
- be the source of great pain for; "These new shoes are killing me!"
- cause the death of, without intention; "She was killed in the collision of three cars"
- cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly; "This man killed several people when he tried to rob a bank"; "The farmer killed a pig for the holidays"
- deprive of life; "AIDS has killed thousands in Africa"
- hit with great force; "He killed the ball"
- hit with so much force as to make a return impossible, in racket games; "She killed the ball"
- small room in which a monk or nun lives (同)cubicle
- a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction (同)electric cell
- a room where a prisoner is kept (同)jail cell, prison cell
- (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
- any small compartment; "the cells of a honeycomb"
- a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement (同)cadre
- aerate (sewage) so as to favor the growth of organisms that decompose organic matter (同)aerate
- make (substances) radioactive
- make active or more active; "activate an old file"
- make more adsorptive; "activate a metal"
- rendered active; e.g. rendered radioactive or luminescent or photosensitive or conductive
- (of e.g. a molecule) made reactive or more reactive (同)excited
- (military) set up and placed on active assignment; "a newly activated unit"
- (of sewage) treated with aeration and bacteria to aid decomposition
- someone who causes the death of a person or animal (同)slayer
- a difficulty that is hard to deal with; "that exam was a real killer"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈人・動物〉‘を'『殺す』,死亡させる / 〈植物〉‘を'枯らす / …‘を'だめにする,失わせる / 《話》…‘を'ひどく痛ませる(疲れさせる,不快にさせる) / 〈時間〉‘を'つぶす / 〈記事など〉‘を'没にする,握りつぶす / 人殺しをする / 殺すこと;(特に狩猟の)獲物をしとめること / (猟の)獲物
- (刑務所の)『独房』;(修道院の)小さい独居室 / (ミツバチの)みつ房,巣穴 / 小さい部屋 / 『細胞』 / 電池 / 花粉室 / (共産党などの)細胞
- …'を'活動的にする / …‘に'放射能を与える / 〈物質〉'を'活性化する
- 殺人者;屠殺(とさつ)者;殺し屋
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/09/30 22:17:08」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
In cell biology, a lymphokine-activated killer cell (also known as a LAK cell) is a white blood cell that has been stimulated to kill tumor cells.[1] If lymphocytes are cultured in the presence of Interleukin 2, it results in the development of effector cells which are cytotoxic to tumor cells.[2]
Contents
- 1 Mechanism
- 2 Cancer Treatment
- 3 Notes and references
- 4 External links
Mechanism
It has been shown that lymphocytes, when exposed to Interleukin 2, are capable of lysing fresh, non-cultured cancer cells, both primary and metastatic.[3] LAK cells respond to these lymphokines, particularly IL-2, by lysing tumor cells that were already known to be resistant to NK cell activity.[4]
The mechanism of LAK cells is distinctive from that of natural killer cells because they can lyse cells that NK cells cannot.[4] LAK cells are also capable of acting against cells that do not display the major histocompatibility complex, as has been shown by the ability to cause lysis in non-immunogenic, allogeneic and syngeneic tumors.[4] LAK cells are specific to tumor cells and do not display activity against normal cells.[4]
Cancer Treatment
LAK cells, along with the administration of IL-2 have been experimentally used to treat cancer in mice and humans, but there is very high toxicity with this treatment.[5]
Notes and references
- ^ "Definition of lymphokine-activated killer cell". National Cancer Institute. Retrieved 2007-03-06.
- ^ "Medical Dictionary: Lymphokine-activated killer cell". Wrong Diagnosis. Retrieved 2007-03-06.
- ^ E A Fagan and A L Eddleston (1987). "Immunotherapy for cancer: the use of lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells.". GUT: An International Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 28 (2): 113–116. doi:10.1136/gut.28.2.113. PMC 1432985. PMID 3549471.
- ^ a b c d Lafreniere R, Rosenberg SA (1985). "Successful immunotherapy of murine experimental hepatic metastases with lymphokine-activated killer cells and recombinant Interleukin 2.". Cancer Res 45: 3735–41.
- ^ Rosenberg SA, Lotze MT, Muul LM, et al. (1985). "Observations on the systemic administration of autologous lymohokine-activated killer cells and recombinant interleukin-2 to patients with metastatic cancer.". New England Journal of Medicine 313: 1485–92. doi:10.1056/nejm198512053132327.
External links
- Lymphokine-Activated Killer Cells at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Blood: lymphocytes
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Lymphoid/
HSC:CFU-L |
B cells |
- Plasma
- Memory
- Follicular
- Marginal zone
- Naïve
- Pre-B
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Thymocyte |
T cells |
- αβ (Cytotoxic CD8+
- Helper CD4+ / TFH / Th3 / Th17 / Regulatory)
- γδ
- Naïve
- Natural killer T cell
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|
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NK cells |
- Cytokine-induced killer cell
- Lymphokine-activated killer cell
- Null cell
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Lymphopoiesis |
- Lymphoblast
- Prolymphocyte
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Index of the immune system
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Description |
- Physiology
- cells
- autoantigens
- autoantibodies
- complement
- surface antigens
- IG receptors
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Disease |
- Allergies
- Immunodeficiency
- Immunoproliferative immunoglobulin disorders
- Hypersensitivity and autoimmune disorders
- Neoplasms and cancer
|
|
Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- antihistamines
- immunostimulants
- immunosuppressants
- monoclonal antibodies
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|
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UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Benefits of a continuous therapy for cancer patients with a novel adoptive cell therapy by cascade priming (CAPRI).
- Wank R1, Song X, Gu S, Laumbacher B.
- Immunotherapy.Immunotherapy.2014 Mar;6(3):269-82. doi: 10.2217/imt.14.6.
- A growing body of evidence shows that immune cells are pivotal in the fight against cancer. First, association studies have identified immune-protective immune response genes against cancer. Second, the presence of immune cells in the respective malignant tumor correlated with a better prognosis for
- PMID 24762072
- Lymphokine-activated killer and dendritic cell carriage enhances oncolytic reovirus therapy for ovarian cancer by overcoming antibody neutralization in ascites.
- Jennings VA1, Ilett EJ, Scott KJ, West EJ, Vile R, Pandha H, Harrington K, Young A, Hall GD, Coffey M, Selby P, Errington-Mais F, Melcher AA.
- International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.Int J Cancer.2014 Mar 1;134(5):1091-101. doi: 10.1002/ijc.28450. Epub 2013 Sep 18.
- Reovirus is an oncolytic virus (OV), which acts by both direct tumor cell killing and priming of antitumor immunity. A major obstacle for effective oncolytic virotherapy is effective delivery of OV to tumor cells. Ovarian cancer is often confined to the peritoneal cavity and therefore i.p. delivery
- PMID 23982804
- The aryl hydrocarbon receptor promotes IL-10 production by NK cells.
- Wagage S1, John B, Krock BL, Hall AO, Randall LM, Karp CL, Simon MC, Hunter CA.
- Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950).J Immunol.2014 Feb 15;192(4):1661-70. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300497. Epub 2014 Jan 8.
- The cytokine IL-10 has an important role in limiting inflammation in many settings, including toxoplasmosis. In the present studies, an IL-10 reporter mouse was used to identify the sources of this cytokine following challenge with Toxoplasma gondii. During infection, multiple cell types expressed t
- PMID 24403534
Japanese Journal
- 免疫細胞療法 (特集 大腸癌の最新治療 : 治癒に向けた最先端研究)
- Antimicrobial Activity of Natural Killer Cells and Lymphokine- Activated Killer Cells Against Mycobacterial Pathogens
- 佐野 千晶,Emori Masako,Saito Hajime,多田納 豊,清水 利朗,富岡 治明
- Shimane journal of medical science 28(1), 35-40, 2011-12-01
- … studied the antimicrobial activity of natural killer(NK)cells and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK)cells against Escherichia coli and some nontuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)including Mycobacterium fortuitum and Mycobacterium intracellulare.When the antimicrobial activity of these cells was measured in terms of the number of residual colony forming units of test microorganisms, it was …
- NAID 120005586496
- Antimicrobial Activity of Natural Killer Cells and Lymphokine- Activated Killer Cells Against Mycobacterial Pathogens
- 佐野 千晶,Emori Masako,[他]
- Shimane journal of medical science 28(1), 35-40, 2011-12-01
- NAID 110009444103
Related Links
- Lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAK) are cytolytic lymphocytes with the unique capacity of killing NK-resistant fresh human tumor cells in short-term assays. LAK appear to kill autologous tumors as well as TNP-modified self and allogeneic tumors with complete crossreactivity, both at the population and clonal level.
- Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells can be generated by incubating fresh peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in Interleukin-2 (IL-2). LAK cells kill fresh autologous and allogeneic human tumor cells in vitro. This study analyzes aspects of LAK cells that make them a promising candidate for the ad …
- Recent evidence suggests that such lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells can bring about the regression of solid tumors in animals and patients, under certain circumstances. Here, Ronald Herberman and colleagues from eight international laboratories, review what is known of the characteristics of LAK cell activity and conclude that most of it ...
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- kill -9 process_id
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細胞