死斑
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/27 03:07:30」(JST)
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| Stages of death |
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Pallor mortis
Algor mortis
Rigor mortis
Livor mortis
Putrefaction
Decomposition
Skeletonization
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Livor mortis (Latin: livor—"bluish color," mortis—"of death"), postmortem lividity (Latin: postmortem—"after death", lividity—"black and blue"), hypostasis (Greek: hypo, meaning "under, beneath"; stasis, meaning "a standing"[1][2]) or suggillation, is one of the signs of death. Livor mortis is a settling of the blood in the lower (dependent) portion of the body, causing a purplish red discoloration of the skin. When the heart stops functioning and is no longer agitating the blood, heavy red blood cells sink through the serum by action of gravity.
Livor mortis starts twenty minutes to three hours after death and is congealed in the capillaries in four to five hours. Maximum lividity occurs within 6–12 hours. The blood pools into the interstitial tissues of the body. The intensity of the color depends upon the amount of reduced hemoglobin in the blood. The discoloration does not occur in the areas of the body that are in contact with the ground or another object, in which capillaries are compressed. As the vessel walls become permeable due to decomposition, blood leaks through them and stains the tissue. This is the reason for fixation of hypostasis.
Livor mortis in a corpse.
Coroners can use the presence or absence of livor mortis as a means of determining an approximate time of death. The presence of livor mortis is also an indication of when it would be futile to begin CPR, or when it would be ineffective to continue if it is in progress. It can also be used by forensic investigators to determine whether or not a body has been moved - for instance, if the body is found lying face down but the pooling is present on the deceased's back, investigators can conclude that the body was originally positioned face up.
Notes and references
- ^ http://www.thefreedictionary.com/hypostasis
- ^ http://www.thefreedictionary.com/hypo-
- Calixto Machado, "Brain death: a reappraisal", Springer, 2007, ISBN 0-387-38975-X, p. 74
- Robert G. Mayer, "Embalming: history, theory, and practice", McGraw-Hill Professional, 2005, ISBN 0-07-143950-1, pp. 106–109
- Anthony J. Bertino "Forensic Science: Fundamentals and Investigations" South-Western Cengage Learning, 2008, ISBN 978-0-538-44586-3
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Apoptosis during postmortem conditioning and its relationship to duck meat quality.
- Zhang M, Wang D, Huang W, Liu F, Zhu Y, Xu W, Cao J.SourceInstitute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2013 May 1;138(1):96-100. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.142. Epub 2012 Nov 10.
- The aim of this work was to examine the relationship of skeletal muscle apoptosis and postmortem development of meat quality. Colour, cooking loss, myofibril fragmentation index (MFI) and shear force of duck breast and thigh meat postmortem were measured, and changes of positive nuclei were assessed
- PMID 23265461
- Histopathological changes in the human posterior cruciate ligament during aging and osteoarthritis: correlations with anterior cruciate ligament and cartilage changes.
- Levy YD, Hasegawa A, Patil S, Koziol JA, Lotz MK, D'Lima DD.SourceCorrespondence to Professor Martin K Lotz, Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; mlotz@scripps.edu.
- Annals of the rheumatic diseases.Ann Rheum Dis.2013 Feb;72(2):271-7. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201730. Epub 2012 Aug 7.
- OBJECTIVES: To determine the histological patterns of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) degeneration during aging and in relation to changes in articular cartilage and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) across the entire adult age spectrum.METHODS: Human knee joints (n=120 from 65 donors) were process
- PMID 22872023
Related Links
- livor [li´vor] discoloration. livor mor´tis discoloration on dependent parts of the body after death. livor mortis [lī′vər] a purple discoloration of the skin in some dependent body areas following death as a result of blood cell destruction.
- · Livor mortis. Livor mortis, also known as hypostasis, is the discoloration of the skin due to the pooling of blood in the dependent parts of the body following death. The blood pools because the heart can no longer circulate the ...
★リンクテーブル★
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- lividity
- 英
- postmortem lividity, death spots
- ラ
- livor mortis
- 関
- 早期死体現象、死体現象
- 死後1-2時間で発現、5-6時間で著明、12-15時間で最高。死後5-6時間以内の体位変化で死斑の移動。8-10時間くらいまでは死斑が移動しうる。死後12時間くらいまでは死斑を圧迫すると消失。死後24時間以降は消退しなくなる(SLE.263)
死斑の色(SLE.263)