砕石術
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/11/19 18:11:04」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Lithotripsy |
| ICD-9-CM |
98 |
| MeSH |
D008096 |
| MedlinePlus |
007113 |
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[edit on Wikidata]
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Lithotripsy is a medical procedure involving the physical destruction of hardened masses like kidney stones,[1] bezoars[2] or gallstones. The term is derived from the Greek words meaning "breaking (or pulverizing) stones" (litho- + τρίψω [tripso]).
Techniques
- Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
- Intracorporeal (endoscopic lithotripsy)
- Laser lithotripsy
- Electrohydraulic lithotripsy
- Mechanical lithotripsy
- Ultrasonic lithotripsy
History
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Surgery was the only method to remove stones too large to pass until French surgeon and urologist Jean Civiale in 1832, invented a surgical instrument (the lithotrite) to crush stones inside the bladder without having to open the abdomen. To remove a calculus, Civiale inserted his instrument through the urethra and bored holes in the stone. Afterwards, he crushed it with the same instrument and aspired the resulting fragments or let them flow normally with urine.
Lithotripsy was developed, and replaced these as the most frequent treatment beginning in the 1980s. In ESWL, external shockwaves are focused at the stone to pulverize it.[3] Ureteroscopic methods use a rigid or flexible scope to reach the stone and direct mechanical or light energy is applied. Endoscopy can use lasers, as well as various modes of energy delivery: ultrasound, electrohydraulic, and lasers.
ESWL was first used on kidney stones in 1980, and is applied to gallstones and pancreatic stones. External shockwaves are focused and pulverize the stone which is located by imaging. The first shockwave lithotriptor approved for human use was the Dornier HM3 (human model 3) derived from a device used for testing aerospace parts. Second generation devices used piezoelectric or electromagnetic generators. American Urological Association guidelines consider ESWL a potential primary treatment for stones between 4 mm and 2 cm.[3]
Electrohydraulic lithotripsy is an industrial technique for fragmenting rocks by using electrodes to create shockwaves that was applied to bile duct stones in 1975. It can damage tissue and is mostly used in biliary tract specialty centers. Pneumatic mechanical devices have been used with endoscopes, commonly for large and hard stones.[4]
Laser lithotripsy was introduced in the 1980s. Pulsed dye lasers emit 504 nm light that is delivered to the stone by optical fibers through a scope. Holmium lasers were developed more recently and produce smaller fragments.
References
- ^ "Lithotripsy", A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia, Medline Plus, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A.: United States National Library of Medicine, September 16, 2011, OCLC 244795383, archived from the original on July 27, 2011, retrieved October 28, 2012,
Lithotripsy is a medical procedure that uses shock waves to break up stones in the kidney, bladder, or ureter (tube that carries urine from your kidneys to your bladder).
- ^ Hayashi, Kazuki; Ohara, Hirotaka; Naitoh, Itaru; Okumura, Fumihiro; Andoh, Tomoaki; Itoh, Takafumi; Nakazawa, Takahiro; Joh, Takashi (November 12, 2008), "Persimmon bezoar successfully treated by oral intake of Coca-Cola: a case report", Cases Journal, London, England, U.K.: BioMed Central (published December 11, 2008), 1: 385, doi:10.1186/1757-1626-1-385, ISSN 1757-1626, OCLC 234326274, retrieved October 24, 2012,
There have been reports on the methods for treating bezoars, including surgical treatment, endoscopic lithotripsy, electrohydraulic lithotripsy, laser therapy, and even the use of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).
- ^ a b "Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) for Kidney Stones". WebMD. Retrieved 2017-01-14.
- ^ Rebuck, David A.; Macejko, Amanda; Bhalani, Vishal; Ramos, Patrick; Nadler, Robert B. (2011). "The Natural History of Renal Stone Fragments Following Ureteroscopy". Urology. 77 (3): 564–568. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2010.06.056. ISSN 0090-4295.
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Urologic surgical and other procedures (ICD-9-CM V3 55–59+89.2, ICD-10-PCS 0T)
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| Kidney |
- Nephrostomy (Percutaneous nephrostomy)
- Nephrotomy
- Endoscopy
- Renal biopsy
- Nephrectomy
- Kidney transplantation
- Nephropexy
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| Ureter |
- Ureterostomy
- Urinary diversion
- Ureterosigmoidostomy
- Ureterolysis
- Ureteroscopy
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| Urinary bladder |
- Cystectomy
- Suprapubic cystostomy
- Cystoscopy
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| Urethra |
- Urethropexy
- Urethrotomy
- Urethral sounding
- Urethroplasty
- Urethral bulking injections
- Cystourethrography
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| General |
| Medical imaging: |
- Pyelogram (Intravenous pyelogram, Retrograde pyelogram)
- Kidneys, ureters, and bladder x-ray
- Radioisotope renography
- Cystography
- Retrograde urethrogram
- Voiding cystourethrogram
- Urodynamic testing
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| other: |
- Urinary catheterization
- Dialysis
- Lithotripsy:
- Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
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Surgical procedures involving the digestive system (ICD-9-CM V3 42–54, ICD-10-PCS 0D)
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| Digestive tract |
| Upper GI tract |
| SGs / Esophagus |
- Esophagectomy
- Heller myotomy
- Sialography
- Impedance–pH monitoring
- Esophageal pH monitoring
- Esophageal motility study
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| Stomach |
- Bariatric surgery
- Adjustable gastric band
- Gastric bypass surgery
- Sleeve gastrectomy
- Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery
- Collis gastroplasty
- Gastrectomy
- Billroth I
- Billroth II
- Roux-en-Y
- Gastroenterostomy
- Gastropexy
- Gastrostomy
- Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
- Hill repair
- Nissen fundoplication
- Pyloromyotomy
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| Medical imaging |
- Endoscopy: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
- Barium swallow
- Upper gastrointestinal series
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| Lower GI tract |
| Small bowel |
- Bariatric surgery
- Duodenal switch
- Jejunoileal bypass
- Bowel resection
- Ileostomy
- Intestine transplantation
- Jejunostomy
- Partial ileal bypass surgery
- Strictureplasty
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| Large bowel |
- Appendicectomy
- Colectomy
- Colonic polypectomy
- Colostomy
- Hartmann's operation
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| Rectum |
- Abdominoperineal resection / Miles operation
- Lower anterior resection
- Total mesorectal excision
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| Anal canal |
- Anal sphincterotomy
- Anorectal manometry
- Lateral internal sphincterotomy
- Rubber band ligation
- Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization
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| Medical imaging |
- Endoscopy: Colonoscopy
- Anoscopy
- Capsule endoscopy
- Enteroscopy
- Proctoscopy
- Sigmoidoscopy
- Abdominal ultrasonography
- Defecography
- Double-contrast barium enema
- Endoanal ultrasound
- Enteroclysis
- Lower gastrointestinal series
- Small-bowel follow-through
- Transrectal ultrasonography
- Virtual colonoscopy
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| Stool tests |
- Fecal fat test
- Fecal pH test
- Stool guaiac test
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| Accessory |
| Liver |
- Artificial extracorporeal liver support
- Bioartificial liver devices
- Liver dialysis
- Hepatectomy
- Liver biopsy
- Liver transplantation
- Portal hypertension
- Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt [TIPS]
- Distal splenorenal shunt procedure
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| Gallbladder, bile duct |
- Cholecystectomy
- Cholecystostomy
- ERCP
- Hepatoportoenterostomy
- Medical imaging: Cholangiography
- Cholecystography
- Cholescintigraphy
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| Pancreas |
- Frey's procedure
- Pancreas transplantation
- Pancreatectomy
- Pancreaticoduodenectomy
- Puestow procedure
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| Abdominopelvic |
| Peritoneum |
- Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
- Intraperitoneal injection
- Laparoscopy
- Omentopexy
- Paracentesis
- Peritoneal dialysis
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| Hernia |
- Hernia repair: Inguinal hernia surgery
- Femoral hernia repair
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| Other |
- Laparotomy
- Rapid urease test / Urea breath test
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| CPRs |
- MELD
- PELD
- UKELD
- Child–Pugh score
- Ranson criteria
- Milan criteria
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Early drastic decrease in white blood count can predict uroseptic shock induced by upper urinary tract endoscopic lithotripsy: a translational study.
- Wu H1, Zhu S1, Yu S1, Ding G1, Xu J2, Li T3, Qiao L4, Chen Y5, Yan J6, Cheng X7, Wan SP8, Li G9.
- The Journal of urology.J Urol.2015 Jun;193(6):2116-22. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.01.071. Epub 2015 Jan 22.
- PURPOSE: Uroseptic shock is a life threatening complication after upper urinary tract endoscopic lithotripsy. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are paramount for patient survival. We identified a practical predictor of upper urinary tract endoscopic lithotripsy induced uroseptic shock in an animal mode
- PMID 25619454
- Impact of renal anatomy on shock wave lithotripsy outcomes for lower pole kidney stones: results of a prospective multifactorial analysis controlled by computerized tomography.
- Torricelli FC1, Marchini GS2, Yamauchi FI2, Danilovic A2, Vicentini FC2, Srougi M2, Monga M2, Mazzucchi E2.
- The Journal of urology.J Urol.2015 Jun;193(6):2002-7. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.12.026. Epub 2014 Dec 15.
- PURPOSE: We evaluated which variables impact fragmentation and clearance of lower pole calculi after shock wave lithotripsy.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively evaluated patients undergoing shock wave lithotripsy for a solitary 5 to 20 mm lower pole kidney stone between June 2012 and August 201
- PMID 25524240
- Percutaneous yttrium aluminum garnet-laser lithotripsy of intrahepatic stones and casts after liver transplantation.
- Schlesinger NH1,2, Svenningsen P1, Frevert S3, Wettergren A1, Hillingsø J1.
- Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society.Liver Transpl.2015 Jun;21(6):831-7. doi: 10.1002/lt.24120. Epub 2015 May 6.
- Bile duct stones and casts (BDSs) contribute importantly to morbidity after liver transplantation (LT). The purpose of this study was to estimate the clinical efficacy, safety, and long-term results of percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy (PTCSL) in transplant recipients and to disc
- PMID 25821134
Japanese Journal
- 経尿道的尿路結石破砕術のためのレーザ照射位置制御機構
- Effect of annular focusing of ultrasound on rate of stone erosion using cavitation bubbles
- f-TUL後後腹膜血腫から血友病が発覚し, 適切な周術期管理にて安全に加療し得た腎結石の一例
Related Links
- lithotripsy 【名】《外科》〔体内にある結石の〕砕石術 - アルクがお届けするオンライン英和・和英辞書検索サービス。 ... 《外科》電気水圧衝撃波砕石術 ｛でんき すいあつ しょうげきは さいせきじゅつ｝
- lithotripsyとは。意味や和訳。[名]（複-sies）《医学》砕石術（ 砕石器を用いて，腎じん結石を破壊・除去すること；shock wave therapy（衝撃波療法）ともいう） - 80万項目以上収録、例文・コロケーションが豊富な無料英和和英辞典。
- Lithotripsy is a procedure that uses shock waves to break up stones in the kidney, bladder, or ureter (tube that carries urine from your kidneys to your bladder). After the procedure, the tiny pieces of
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