ligamentum

靭帯

WordNet

1. any connection or unifying bond
2. a sheet or band of tough fibrous tissue connecting bones or cartilages or supporting muscles or organs

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 靱帯(じんたい)(骨と骨を結びつてけ関節の動きを調節する)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/11/12 14:52:20」(JST)

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Ligament
Diagram of the right knee.
Typical joint
Details
Identifiers
Latin	Ligamentum (Plural: Ligamenta)
TA	A03.0.00.034
FMA	21496, 30319 70773, 21496, 30319
Anatomical terminology

In anatomy, a ligament is the fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones and is also known as articular ligament, articular larua, fibrous ligament, or true ligament.

Ligament can also refer to:

• Peritoneal ligament: a fold of peritoneum or other membranes.
• Fetal remnant ligament: the remnants of a fetal tubular structure.
• Periodontal ligament: a group of fibers that attach the cementum of teeth to the surrounding alveolar bone.

The study of ligaments is known as desmology (from Greek δεσμός, desmos, "bond"; and -λογία, -logia).

Ligaments are similar to tendons and fasciae as they are all made of connective tissue. The differences in them are in the connections that they make: ligaments connect one bone to another bone, tendons connect muscle to bone, and fasciae connect muscles to other muscles. These are all found in the skeletal system of the human body. Ligaments cannot usually be regenerated naturally; however, there are periodontal ligament stem cells located near the periodontal ligament which are involved in the adult regeneration of periodontal ligament.

Articular ligaments

"Ligament" most commonly refers to a band of dense regular connective tissue bundles made of collagenous fibers, with bundles protected by dense irregular connective tissue sheaths. Ligaments connect bones to other bones to form joints, while tendons connect bone to muscle. Some ligaments limit the mobility of articulations or prevent certain movements altogether.

Capsular ligaments are part of the articular capsule that surrounds synovial joints. They act as mechanical reinforcements. Extra-capsular ligaments join together in harmony with the other ligaments and provide joint stability. Intra-capsular ligaments, which are much less common, also provide stability but permit a far larger range of motion. Cruciate ligaments are paired ligaments in the form of a cross.

Ligaments are viscoelastic. They gradually strain when under tension and return to their original shape when the tension is removed. However, they cannot retain their original shape when extended past a certain point or for a prolonged period of time. This is one reason why dislocated joints must be set as quickly as possible: if the ligaments lengthen too much, then the joint will be weakened, becoming prone to future dislocations. Athletes, gymnasts, dancers, and martial artists perform stretching exercises to lengthen their ligaments, making their joints more supple.

The term hypermobility refers to people with more-elastic ligaments, allowing their joints to stretch and contort further; this is sometimes still called double-jointedness.

The consequence of a broken ligament can be instability of the joint. Not all broken ligaments need surgery, but, if surgery is needed to stabilise the joint, the broken ligament can be repaired. Scar tissue may prevent this. If it is not possible to fix the broken ligament, other procedures such as the Brunelli procedure can correct the instability. Instability of a joint can over time lead to wear of the cartilage and eventually to osteoarthritis.

Artificial ligaments

One of the most often torn ligaments in the body is the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The ACL is one of the ligaments crucial to knee stability and persons who tear their ACL often seek to undergo reconstructive surgery, which can be done through a variety of techniques and materials. One of these techniques is the replacement of the ligament with an artificial material. An artificial ligament is a reinforcing material that is used to replace a torn ligament, such as the ACL. Artificial ligaments are a synthetic material composed of a polymer, such as polyacrylonitrile fiber, polypropylene, PET (polyethylene terephthalate), or polyNaSS poly(sodium styrene sulfonate). Ligaments are connected to the nerve system so do not tear them.

Examples

Head and neck

• Cricothyroid ligament
• Periodontal ligament
• Suspensory ligament of the lens

Thorax

• Suspensory ligament of the breast

Pelvis

• Anterior sacroiliac ligament
• Posterior sacroiliac ligament
• Sacrotuberous ligament
• Sacrospinous ligament
• Inferior pubic ligament
• Superior pubic ligament
• Suspensory ligament of the penis

Wrist

• Palmar radiocarpal ligament
• Dorsal radiocarpal ligament
• Ulnar collateral ligament
• Radial collateral ligament

Knee

• Anterior cruciate ligament
• Lateral collateral ligament
• Posterior cruciate ligament
• Medial collateral ligament
• Cranial cruciate ligament — quadruped equivalent of anterior cruciate ligament
• Caudal cruciate ligament — quadruped equivalent of posterior cruciate ligament
• Patellar ligament

Peritoneal ligaments

Certain folds of peritoneum are referred to as ligaments. Examples include:

• The hepatoduodenal ligament, that surrounds the hepatic portal vein and other vessels as they travel from the duodenum to the liver.
• The broad ligament of the uterus, also a fold of peritoneum.

Fetal remnant ligaments

Certain tubular structures from the fetal period are referred to as ligaments after they close up and turn into cord-like structures:

Fetal	Adult
ductus arteriosus	ligamentum arteriosum
extra-hepatic portion of the fetal left umbilical vein	ligamentum teres hepatis (the "round ligament of the liver").
intra-hepatic portion of the fetal left umbilical vein (the ductus venosus)	ligamentum venosum
distal portions of the fetal left and right umbilical arteries	medial umbilical ligaments

See also

• Broström procedure

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English Journal

• Thoracic spinal stenosis and myelopathy: report of two rare cases and review of the literature.

• Amato V, Giannachi L, Irace C, Corona C.SourceNeurosurgery Unit, Casa di Cura IGEA, IGEA Hospital, Milan, Italy - vincenzo.amato@fastwebnet.it.
• Journal of neurosurgical sciences.J Neurosurg Sci.2012 Dec;56(4):373-8.
• The authors report two cases of thoracic spinal canal stenosis (SCS) and myelopathy. One is extremely unusual because of degenerative changes occurred in the upper thoracic spine. The other because of its multiple etiology among which calcification and ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) in
• PMID 23111299

• A cadaveric model for ligamentum teres function: a pilot study.

• Martin RL, Kivlan BR, Clemente FR.SourceDepartment of Physical Therapy, Duquesne University, 114 Rangos School of Health Sciences, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA, martinr280@duq.edu.
• Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA.Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc.2012 Nov 2. [Epub ahead of print]
• PURPOSE: Despite the prevalence and clinical consequences of ligamentum teres pathology, its function is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to help define the role the ligamentum teres may have in hip joint stabilization and determine whether a ball and string model could be used to de
• PMID 23117165

Japanese Journal

• 臨床室 多椎間腰椎黄色靱帯石灰化症により神経根性疼痛をきたした1例

• 津本 柊子,玉井 孝司,久保 卓也,藪 晋人,寺井 秀富,中村 博亮
• 整形外科 = Orthopedic surgery 70(8), 857-860, 2019-07
• NAID 40021951477

• Thoracic spinal cord injury without major bone injury associated with ossification of the ligamentum flavum

• Machino Masaaki,Imagama Shiro,Ito Keigo,Ando Kei,Kobayashi Kazuyoshi,Kato Fumihiko,Nishida Yoshihiro,Ishiguro Naoki
• Journal of Orthopaedic Science 24(1), 174-177, 2019-01
• Available online 25 October 2016
• NAID 120006600473

• NMC Case Report Journal

• Yamasaki Yuhei,Tezuka Fumitake,Yamashita Kazuta,Takata Yoichiro,Sakai Toshinori,Maeda Toru,Sairyo Koichi
• NMC Case Report Journal 6(3), 79-81, 2019
• … We performed laminotomy at the left L4–L5 level, and removed five loose bodies located on the dorsal side of the ligamentum flavum. …
• NAID 130007673063

Related Links

• Ligamentum | definition of ligamentum by Medical dictionary

Looking for online definition of ligamentum in the Medical Dictionary? ligamentum explanation free. What is ligamentum? Meaning of ligamentum medical term. What does ligamentum mean? Ligamentum | definition of ligamentum ...

• ligamentumの意味 - goo辞書 英和和英

ligamentumとは。意味や和訳。[名詞] (pl. -ta[-tə]) 〔解剖〕 =ligament 1. - 80万項目以上収録、例文・コロケーションが豊富な無料英和和英辞典。 ... で始まる で一致する で終わる を説明文に含む を見出しに含む

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「靭帯」「包帯法」「ligamentous」
拡張検索	「ossification of ligamentum flavum」

「靭帯」

　　[★]

英

ligaments, ligament

ラ

ligamenta, ligamentum

同

靱帯

[show details]

靱帯 : 約 231,000 件
靭帯 : 約 2,330,000 件

「包帯法」

　　[★]

英

dressing、bandaging, bandage

ラ

ligamentum, ligamen

関

包帯材、更衣動作、仕上げ、ドレッシング

「ligamentous」

　　[★]

• 靱帯の、靭帯の

関

ligament、ligamentum

「ossification of ligamentum flavum」

　　[★]

同

黄色靭帯骨化症, OLF