関: renal medulla、renomedullary

WordNet

either of two bean-shaped excretory organs that filter wastes (especially urea) from the blood and excrete them and water in urine; "urine passes out of the kidney through ureters to the bladder"
the inner part of an organ or structure in plant or animal

PrepTutorEJDIC

腎臓;(食品としての)羊(豚など)の腎臓 / 《文》気質,性質,たち(nature)
〈U〉骨髄 / =medulla oblongata

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/04/21 12:58:36」(JST)

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The renal medulla is the innermost part of the kidney. The renal medulla is split up into a number of sections, known as the renal pyramids. Blood enters into the kidney via the renal artery, which then splits up to form the interlobular arteries. The interlobular arteries each in turn branch into arcuate arteries, which finally reach the glomeruli. At the glomerulus the blood reaches a highly disfavourable pressure gradient and a large exchange surface area, which forces the serum portion of the blood out of the vessel and into the renal tubules. Flow continues through the renal tubules, including the proximal tubule, the Loop of Henle, through the distal tubule and finally leaves the kidney by means of the collecting duct, leading to the renal ureter.

The renal medulla (Latin renes medulla = kidney middle) contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood. These structures include the vasa rectae (both spuria and vera), the venulae rectae, the medullary capillary plexus, the loop of Henle, and the collecting tubule.^[1] The renal medulla is hypertonic to the filtrate in the nephron and aids in the reabsorption of water.

Blood is filtered in the glomerulus by solute size. Ions such as sodium, chloride, potassium, and calcium are easily filtered, as is glucose. Proteins are not passed through the glomerular filter because of their large size, and do not appear in the filtrate or urine unless a disease process has affected the glomerular capsule or the proximal and distule tubules of the nephron.

Additional Images

Renal medulla
Renal medulla

References

^ Netter's, plate 337

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1. 小児における常染色体劣性多発性嚢胞腎 autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease in children
2. 嚢胞性腎疾患の胎児超音波診断 prenatal sonographic diagnosis of cystic renal disease
3. 血液透析患者での慢性腎疾患における貧血のためのエリスロポエチン erythropoietin for the anemia of chronic kidney disease in hemodialysis patients
4. ヘム色素誘発急性腎障害（急性腎不全）の臨床的特徴および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of heme pigment induced acute kidney injury acute renal failure
5. アテローム性腎動脈狭窄に起因する慢性腎疾患の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of chronic kidney disease resulting from atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis

English Journal

New Insights into the Renal Progenitor Cells and Kidney Diseases by Studying CD133.

Bussolati B, Camussi G.SourceDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Cso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2013;777:113-23. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-5894-4_8.
CD133(+) progenitor cells have been found in different segments of the human nephron. In particular, CD133-expressing cells are present in the cortex, in Bowman's capsule of the glomerulus, and in proximal convoluted tubules and in medulla, in the Henle's loop, and its thin limb segments. The collec
PMID 23161079

Hypoxia in the diabetic kidney is independent of advanced glycation end-products.

Nordquist L, Liss P, Fasching A, Hansell P, Palm F.SourceDepartment of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden. Lina.Nordquist@mcb.uu.se
Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2013;765:185-93. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4989-8_26.
Sustained hyperglycemia is closely associated with increased risk to develop nephropathy. We have previously reported alterations in the intrarenal oxygen metabolism already after the early onset of diabetes. Furthermore, formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) is postulated as a major co
PMID 22879032

Japanese Journal

オクラトキシンAの腎発がん機序解明へのアプローチ

梅村隆志
マイコトキシン 62(2), 143-148, 2012-07-31
　カビ毒オクラトキシンA（OTA）は長期投与によりげっ歯類腎臓に腫瘍を誘発する．しかし，変異原性については明確な結果が得られていないことから，その発がん機序は不明のままである．我々は，OTAが腎臓に発現する各種トランスポーターを介した腎内動態を経て，近位直部尿細管（S3）に蓄積することに着目し，2つのレポーター遺伝子，gptならびにred/gam（Sp-）を導入したgpt deltaラットに発がん …
NAID 10031026679

Phase-Contrast X-ray CT Imaging of the Kidney: Differences between Ethanol Fixation and Formalin Fixation

白井亮多,國井琢矢,米山明男,丸山弘子,ティティルイン,武田徹
Ｍｅｄｉｃａｌ　Ｉｍａｇｉｎｇ　Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ 30(5), 2012
… Fine anatomical structures in the kidney such as the glomeruli, tubules, and vessels were observed. … The pixel value ratio between the cortex and medulla was about 43% in ethanol-fixed kidneys and 21% in formalin-fixed kidneys. …
NAID 130002573592

A Case of Nephrocalcinosis Associated with Primary Aldosteronism

Yasuda Keiko,Sasaki Koichi,Yamato Masaya,Rakugi Hiromi,Isaka Yoshitaka,Hayashi Terumasa
Internal Medicine 51(6), 2012
… The patient had renal dysfunction and calcification in the renal medulla on both kidneys. … A kidney biopsy was performed. …
NAID 130002061927

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「renomedullary」
関連記事	「medulla」「kidney」

「renomedullary」

Renal medulla
	Vertical section of kidney. (Label "medullary sub." visible near top.)
Details
Latin	Medulla renalis
System	Urinary system
Identifiers
Gray's	p.1221
MeSH	A05.810.453.466
TA	A08.1.01.020
FMA	74268
	Anatomical terminology