同: 椎間孔

WordNet

a natural opening or perforation through a bone or a membranous structure (同)hiatus
marine microorganism having a calcareous shell with openings where pseudopods protrude (同)foraminifer
pertaining to the space between two vertebrae

PrepTutorEJDIC

(骨・植物などの)孔(こう),開口

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/01/27 14:19:33」(JST)

wiki en

The intervertebral foramen (also called neural foramina, and often abbreviated as IV foramina or IVF), is a foramen between two spinal vertebrae. Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae all have intervertebral foramina.

The foramina, or openings, are present between every pair of vertebrae in these areas. A number of structures pass through the foramen. These are the root of each spinal nerve, dorsal root ganglion, the spinal artery of the segmental artery, communicating veins between the internal and external plexuses, recurrent meningeal (sinu-vertebral) nerves, and transforaminal ligaments.

When the spinal vertebrae are articulated with each other the bodies form a strong pillar for the support of the head and trunk, and the vertebral foramen constitutes a canal for the protection of the medulla spinalis (spinal cord).

The size of the foramina is variable due to placement, pathology, spinal loading, and posture.

Foramina can be occluded by arthritic degenerative changes and space-occupying lesions like tumors, metastases and spinal disc herniations.

Specifically the intervertebral foramen is bound by the superior notch of the adjacent vertebra, the inferior notch of the vertebra, the vertebral body, and facet joints on the transverse process of the vertebra.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

Photo of model at Waynesburg College skeleton2/intervertebralforamen
Diagram at emory.edu
Anatomy diagram: 06363.008-2 at Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, Elsevier

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 頸部神経根障害の臨床的特徴および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of cervical radiculopathy
2. 脊髄梗塞：血管の解剖学および病因 spinal cord infarction vascular anatomy and etiologies
3. 頚部痛および頚椎症の患者の評価 evaluation of the patient with neck pain and cervical spine disorders
4. 成人における脊髄損傷：定義、機序、および放射線学的所見 spinal column injuries in adults definitions mechanisms and radiographs
5. 頸部神経根障害の治療 treatment of cervical radiculopathy

English Journal

Relationship of dorsal root ganglion to intervertebral foramen in lumbar region: an anatomical study and review of literature.

Silav G1, Arslan M, Comert A, Acar HI, Kahilogullari G, Dolgun H, Tubbs RS, Tekdemir I.
Journal of neurosurgical sciences.J Neurosurg Sci.2016 Sep;60(3):339-44.
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to clarify the morphologic features, location and variations of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG).METHODS: Fifteen formalin fixed cadavers for the current study were included. Total of 150 DRGs were examined from L1 to L5. The relationships of the nerve root DR
PMID 27402404

C5 nerve palsy after posterior reconstruction surgery: predictive risk factors of the incidence and critical range of correction for kyphosis.

Kurakawa T1, Miyamoto H2, Kaneyama S3, Sumi M3, Uno K4.
European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society.Eur Spine J.2016 Jul;25(7):2060-7. doi: 10.1007/s00586-016-4548-7. Epub 2016 Apr 7.
PURPOSE: It has been reported that the incidence of post-operative segmental nerve palsy, such as C5 palsy, is higher in posterior reconstruction surgery than in conventional laminoplasty. Correction of kyphosis may be related to such a complication. The aim of this study was to elucidate the risk f
PMID 27055443

In vivo Characteristics of Non-degenerated Adjacent Segment Intervertebral Foramina in Patients with Degenerative Disc Disease during Flexion-Extension.

Cha TD1, Moore G, Liow MH, Zhong W, Wu M, Wang S, Kang JD, Wood KB, Li G.
Spine.Spine (Phila Pa 1976).2016 Jul 1. [Epub ahead of print]
STUDY DESIGN: In vivo patient biomechanical study.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dimensions of lumbar intervertebral foramen (LIVF) of patients with degenerative disc disease (DDD) during a flexion-extension motion of the body.SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: LIVF narrowing may result in nerve root compre
PMID 27379419

Japanese Journal

臨床技術 3.0 T MRIを用いた頸椎椎間孔部神経根描出における三次元収集撮像シーケンスの比較

宍戸博紀,高島弘幸,竹林庸雄 [他]
日本放射線技術学会雑誌 70(7), 670-675, 2014-07
NAID 40020172877

椎間孔に向かって発育した限局性悪性胸膜中皮腫の1例

氷室直哉,野中誠,廣野素子,富田由里,片岡大輔,門倉光隆
日本呼吸器外科学会雑誌 = The journal of the Japanese Association for Chest Surgery 27(6), 703-706, 2013-09-15
NAID 10031191665

椎間孔に向かって発育した限局性悪性胸膜中皮腫の1例

氷室直哉,野中誠,廣野素子,富田由里,片岡大輔,門倉光隆
日本呼吸器外科学会雑誌 27(6), 703-706, 2013
椎間孔に向かって発育する神経原性腫瘍の報告は多数みられるが，限局性胸膜中皮腫が椎間孔に浸潤した報告は少ない．症例は63歳の男性．1ヵ月前より背部に違和感が出現したためかかりつけ医を受診，胸部X線写真ならびに胸部CTにて右後縦隔に腫瘍を認めたため当科を受診となった．腫瘍は一部椎間孔に進展していた．右後縦隔腫瘍の画像診断にて，腹臥位での背側アプローチによる神経根切離，ならびに左側臥位での開胸による腫瘍 …
NAID 130004495366

Related Pictures

Third Fourth Lumbar Vertebrae Lumbar Vertebra Stock Illustration 405564496 - Shutterstock Human Anatomy Lab Cervical Spine Both Vertebral Arteries Transverse Stock Illustration 505306087 What is a Herniated Disc? | Physio Logic Downtown Brooklyn Blog Back | Basicmedical Key フィットネスの勧め Spinal Lab Test 1 Flashcards | Quizlet

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「椎間孔」
関連記事	「foramen」

「椎間孔」

Intervertebral foramina
	Peculiar thoracic vertebrae. Intervertebral foramina are indicated by arrows.
	Sacrum, pelvic surface. (The two columns of four holes are the intervertebral foramina of sacrum, visible but not labeled.)
Details
Identifiers
Latin	foramen intervertebrale (pl. foramina intervertebralia)
TA	A02.2.01.008
FMA	75346
	Anatomical terms of bone [edit on Wikidata]