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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/02/17 07:04:33」(JST)
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The idiotype is based upon the variable region (labeled VL and VH in the diagram.)
In immunology, an idiotype is a shared characteristic between a group of immunoglobulin or T cell receptor (TCR) molecules based upon the antigen binding specificity and therefore structure of their variable region. The word idiotype comes from two Greek roots, idio meaning 'private, distinctive, peculiar' and typos meaning 'mark.' Thus idiotype describes the distinctive sequence and region that makes any immunoglobing/TCR unique from others of the same type which is its variable region. The variable region of antigen receptors of T cells (TCRs) and B cells (immunoglobulins) contain complementarity determining regions (CDRs) with unique amino acid sequences. They define the surface and properties of the variable region, determining the antigen specificity and therefore the idiotope of the molecule. Immunoglobulins or TCRs with a shared idiotope are the same idiotype. Antibody idiotype is determined by
- Gene rearrangement
- Junctional diversity
- P-nucleotides (palindromic nucleotides at sites of single-strand breaks)
- N-nucleotides
- Somatic hypermutations
The term idiotype is sometimes used to describe the collection of multiple idiotopes, and therefore overall antigen binding capacity, possessed by an antibody.
The word idiotype became influential in immunology when Niels Jerne formulated his immune network theory. Jerne was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology in 1984 largely for being the father of immune network theory. He defined idiotype as the set of epitopes on the V region of an antibody molecule, where epitope means an antigenic determinant. He also defined the "paratope" to be that part of an antibody variable region that binds to an antigen. The best developed version of immune network theory is called the symmetrical network theory, in which the distinction between idiotype and paratope plays no role.
See also
- Allotype (immunology)
- Isotype (immunology)
- Immune network theory
External links
- Immunoglobulin idiotypes at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Overview at Medical University of South Carolina
- Overview at Southern Illinois University Carbondale
Immunology: lymphocytic adaptive immune system and complement
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Lymphoid |
Antigens |
- Antigen presentation/Professional APCs: Dendritic cell
- Macrophage
- B cell
- Immunogen
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Antibodies |
- Antibody
- Monoclonal antibodies
- Polyclonal antibodies
- Autoantibody
- Microantibody
- Polyclonal B cell response
- Allotype
- Isotype
- Idiotype
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Immunity vs.
tolerance |
- action: Immunity
- Autoimmunity
- Alloimmunity
- Allergy
- Hypersensitivity
- Inflammation
- Cross-reactivity
- inaction: Tolerance
- Central
- Peripheral
- Clonal anergy
- Clonal deletion
- Tolerance in pregnancy
- Immunodeficiency
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Immunogenetics |
- Affinity maturation (Somatic hypermutation
- Clonal selection)
- V(D)J recombination
- Junctional diversity
- Immunoglobulin class switching
- MHC/HLA
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Lymphocytes |
- Cellular (T cell)
- Humoral (B cell)
- NK cell
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Substances |
- Cytokines
- Opsonin
- Cytolysin
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Adoptive transfer of tumor-specific Th2 cells eradicates tumors by triggering an in situ inflammatory immune response.
- Lorvik KB1, Hammarstrom C2, Fauskanger M3, Haabeth OA1, Zangani M4, Haraldsen G5, Bogen B1, Corthay A6.
- Cancer research.Cancer Res.2016 Sep 12. pii: canres.1219.2016. [Epub ahead of print]
- Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) trials to date have focused on transfer of autologous tumor-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, however, the potential of CD4+ T helper (Th) cells for ACT is gaining interest. While encouraging results have been reported with interferon-γ (IFNγ)-producing Th1 cells, tumor-
- PMID 27634753
- Immune responses to polyclonal T-cell vaccination in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis.
- Seledtsova GV1, Ivanova IP1, Shishkov AA1, Seledtsov VI2.
- Journal of immunotoxicology.J Immunotoxicol.2016 Sep 7:1-6. [Epub ahead of print]
- The overall objective of disease management in autoimmune diseases is to suppress chronic inflammation and prevent organ damage. Therapies often revolve around five drug classes: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), anti-malarials, steroids, immunosuppressants, and bio-therapies. However,
- PMID 27602793
- Preferential expression of IGHV and IGHD encoding antibodies with exceptionally long CDR3H and a rapid global shift in transcriptome characterizes development of bovine neonatal immunity.
- Pasman Y1, Merico D2, Kaushik AK3.
- Developmental and comparative immunology.Dev Comp Immunol.2016 Sep 4. pii: S0145-305X(16)30272-5. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.08.020. [Epub ahead of print]
- With an objective to understand natural development of bovine neonatal immunity, we analyzed 18 RNA-seq libraries from peripheral blood lymphocytes of three neonatal calves pre- (day 0) and post-colostrum (7, 14 and 28) uptake as compared to their dams. A significant global shift in neonatal transcr
- PMID 27601209
Japanese Journal
- 言語現象とパターン認識 : ヒトの意識の脳室内免疫応答ネットワーク仮説(テーマセッション,文字・文書の認識と理解及びアルゴリズム・システム評価)
- 得丸 公明
- 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. PRMU, パターン認識・メディア理解 112(495), 1-6, 2013-03-07
- 電子計算機はパターン認識が不得手である.これは(1)使用するデジタル信号が電圧ビットの有無にもとづく論理的0,論理的1という二元であるために,冗長性がなく,誤り検出・誤り訂正はパリティービットや誤り訂正符号の付加と別途確かめ算が必要であることと,(2)演算が電圧ビットの斥力にもとづくために,演算結果を知るためにはシフトレジスタの読み取りが必要であることによる.これに対して,DNAからmRNA(メッ …
- NAID 110009713405
- 論理の量子力学(デジタル言語学その4) : 意識は体験・学習記憶とその論理演算結果記憶の免疫ネットワーク(仮説)(インターネット応用,スマートグリッド,一般)
- 得丸 公明
- 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. IA, インターネットアーキテクチャ 112(430), 67-72, 2013-02-07
- 一般に論理的に考えるというと,小賢しい理屈が並ぶことや怪しげな三段論法を想像してしまう.しかし,コンピュータのCPUの論理回路や, DNAから転写され転写後修飾を受けたmRNAをリボソームでアミノ酸に翻訳する生命の論理は,けっして理屈をこねず,黙々と自動的に微小力学法則にしたがって処理を続ける.我々は言語表現に目を奪われて,ヒトが生命として生得的にもっている論理のメカニズムに気づいていないのではな …
- NAID 110009728221
- The idiotype (Id) cascade in mice elicited the production of anti-R24 Id and anti-anti-Id monoclonal antibodies with antitumor and protective activity against human melanoma
- RAMOS Angelita S.,PARISE Carolina B.,TRAVASSOS Luiz R.,HAN Sang W.,DE CAMPOS-LIMA Pedro O.,DE MORAES Jane Z.
- Cancer science 102(1), 64-70, 2011-01-10
- NAID 10029288415
Related Links
- This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve ... In immunology, an idiotype is a shared characteristic between a group of immunoglobulin ...
- idiotype id·i·o·type (ĭd'ē-ə-tīp') n. A determinant that confers on an immunoglobulin molecule an antigenic individuality that is analogous to the individuality of the molecule's antibody activity.
★リンクテーブル★
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[★]
- 関
- Id、idiotype
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- 英
- idiotype、Id、idiotypic
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- 関
- anti-idiotype、anti-idiotypic、antiidiotypic
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- 関
- anti-idiotypic、antiidiotype、antiidiotypic
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- 関
- cross-idiotype