低張尿

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/01/30 08:30:54」(JST)

wiki en

Isosthenuria refers to the excretion of urine whose specific gravity (concentration) is neither greater (more concentrated) nor less (more dilute) than that of protein-free plasma, typically 1.008-1.012.^[1] Isosthenuria reflects renal tubular damage/failure of renal medullary function.

A closely related term is hyposthenuria, where the urine has a relatively low specific gravity,^[2] though not necessarily equal to that of plasma. Therefore, unlike isosthenuria, this condition is not associated with renal failure as the kidney tubules have altered the glomerular filtrate

Clinical significance

This is such disease states as chronic and acute kidney failure in which the kidneys lack the ability to concentrate or dilute the urine and so the initial filtrate of the blood remains unchanged despite the need to conserve or excrete water based on the body's hydration status.^[3]

Sickle-cell trait, the heterozygous form of sickle-cell disease, presents with a normal hematological picture but is associated with isosthenuria.^[4]

References

^ "isosthenuria" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
^ "hyposthenuria" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
^ De Mais, Daniel. ASCP Quick Compendium of Clinical Pathology, 2nd Ed. ASCP Press, Chicago, 2009.
^ Gupta AK, Kirchner KA, Nicholson R, et al. Effects of alpha-thalassemia and sickle polymerization tendency on the urine-concentrating defect of individuals with sickle cell trait and increased frequency of urinary tract infections J. Clin. Invest. Vol 88, Issue 6, pgs 1963-8. Dec 1991. PMID 1752955 PMC = 295777. DOI = 10.1172/JCI115521

This medical sign article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 鎌状赤血球症の腎症状 renal manifestations of sickle cell disease
2. バルカン流行性腎症 balkan endemic nephropathy
3. 鎌状赤血球症を有する成人における急性疼痛マネージメント acute pain management in adults with sickle cell disease
4. 鎌状赤血球症の臨床症状の概要 overview of the clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease

English Journal

Effect of hydroxyurea treatment on renal function parameters: Results from the multi-center placebo-controlled baby hug clinical trial for infants with sickle cell anemia.

Alvarez O, Miller ST, Wang WC, Luo Z, McCarville MB, Schwartz GJ, Thompson B, Howard T, Iyer RV, Rana SR, Rogers ZR, Sarnaik SA, Thornburg CD, Ware RE; the BABY HUG Investigators.SourceDivision of Pediatric Hematology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida. oalvarez2@med.miami.edu.
Pediatric blood & cancer.Pediatr Blood Cancer.2012 Jan 31. doi: 10.1002/pbc.24100. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) often develop hyposthenuria and renal hyperfiltration at an early age, possibly contributing to the glomerular injury and renal insufficiency commonly seen later in life. The Phase III randomized double-blinded Clinical Trial of Hydroxyurea in Infan
PMID 22294512

Central diabetes insipidus in a cat with central nervous system B cell lymphoma.

Simpson CJ, Mansfield CS, Milne ME, Hodge PJ.SourceUniversity of Melbourne, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia. simc@unimelb.edu.au
Journal of feline medicine and surgery.J Feline Med Surg.2011 Oct;13(10):787-92. Epub 2011 Sep 8.
A 6-year-old male neutered cat presented with blindness, lethargy, polydipsia, hyposthenuria and severe hypernatraemia. Central diabetes insipidus was demonstrated by means of a low measured anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) concentration in the face of hypernatraemia, and clinical response to supplementa
PMID 21906986

Japanese Journal

中枢性尿崩症を合併した染色体-7とinv(3)(q21q26.2)を有する急性骨髄性白血病

南野智,萩原潔通,坂部真奈美,岡村浩史,稲葉晃子,永田友貴,西本光孝,康秀男,中尾吉孝,中根孝彦,中前博久,下野太郎,日野雅之
臨床血液 54(4), 397-402, 2013
症例は20歳女性。口渇，多飲，多尿が出現し，近医で白血球増多と貧血を認めたため当科に転院となった。骨髄検査ではミエロペルオキシダーゼ陽性芽球66.8%と3系統の異形成を認め，染色体検査ではinv(3)(q21q26.2), -7を認めたため，染色体-7を有したinv(3)(q21q26.2)を伴うAMLと診断した。一方，低張性多尿とADH低値を認め，髄液検査には異常所見を認めなかったが，頭部MRI …
NAID 130004501807

ステロイド投与により下垂体茎腫大が著明に改善したリンパ球性漏斗下垂体神経葉炎の一症例

板垣英二,関博之,下山達宏,勝田秀紀,田中利明,牛川憲司,丸山雅弘,山口真哉,小澤幸彦,片平宏,滝沢誠,吉元勝彦,石田均
杏林医学会雑誌 39(1/2), 41-47, 2008
症例は33歳女性。7ヶ月前から口渇，多飲，多尿を生じ精査のため入院。多尿（5,000～8,000ml/日）と低張尿（浸透圧 113mOsm/L）を認め，血漿浸透圧は296mOsm/Lと軽度の高値を示した。尿浸透圧は飲水制限試験で上昇を認めず，ピトレッシン投与で上昇。血漿ADHは5%高張食塩水負荷試験で上昇を認めなかった。一方，下垂体前葉機能は正常に保たれていた。頭部MRIでは均一に造影される下垂体 …
NAID 130000135258