臭化水素酸

関: hydrobromide、hydrogen bromide

WordNet

street name for lysergic acid diethylamide (同)back breaker, battery-acid, dose, dot, Elvis, loony toons, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, pane, superman, window pane, Zen
any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
having the characteristics of an acid; "an acid reaction"

PrepTutorEJDIC

酸性の / 酸味のある,すっぱい(sour) / (言葉・態度などが)厳しい,しんらつな / 酸 / すっぱいもの / 《俗》=LSD

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/07/07 19:44:49」(JST)

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Hydrobromic acid is a strong acid formed by dissolving the diatomic molecule hydrogen bromide (HBr) in water. "Constant boiling" hydrobromic acid is an aqueous solution that distills at 124.3 °C and contains 47.6% HBr by weight, which is 8.89 mol/L. Hydrobromic acid has a pK_a of −9, making it a stronger acid than hydrochloric acid, but not as strong as hydroiodic acid. Hydrobromic acid is one of the strongest mineral acids known.

Uses

Hydrobromic acid is mainly used for the production of inorganic bromides, especially the bromides of zinc, calcium, and sodium. It is a useful reagent for generating organobromine compounds. Certain ethers are cleaved with HBr. It also catalyzes alkylation reactions and the extraction of certain ores. Industrially significant organic compounds prepared from hydrobromic acid include allyl bromide, tetrabromobis(phenol), and bromoacetic acid.^[2]

Syntheses

Hydrobromic acid can be prepared in the laboratory via the reaction of Br₂, SO₂, and water.^[3]

Br₂ + SO₂ + 2 H₂O → H₂SO₄ + 2 HBr

More typically laboratory preparations involve the production of anhydrous HBr, which is then dissolved in water.

Hydrobromic acid has commonly been prepared industrially by reacting bromine with either sulfur or phosphorus and water. However, it can also be produced electrolytically.^[3] It can also be prepared by treating bromides with non-oxidising acids like phosphoric or acetic acids.

Alternatively the acid can be prepared with dilute (5.8M) sulfuric acid and potassium bromide:^[4]

H₂SO₄ + KBr → KHSO₄ + HBr

Using more concentrated sulfuric acid or allowing the reaction solution to exceed 75°C further oxidizes HBr to bromine gas. The acid is further purified by filtering out the KHSO₄ and by distilling off the water until the solution reaches an azeotrope (≈ 126°C at 760 torr). The yield is approximately 85%.^[4]

Hydrobromic acid is available commercially in various concentrations and purities.

References

^ Bell, R.P. The Proton in Chemistry, 2nd ed., Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, 1973.
^ Dagani, M. J.; Barda, H. J.; Benya, T. J.; Sanders, D. C. (2005), "Bromine Compounds", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_405
^ ^a ^b Scott, A. (1900). "Preparation of Pure Hydrobromic Acid". Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions 77: 648–651. doi:10.1039/ct9007700648.
^ ^a ^b Brauer, Georg (1963). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry Vol. 1, 2nd Ed.. Newyork: Academic Press. p. 285. ISBN 978-0121266011.

External links

Media related to Hydrogen bromide at Wikimedia Commons

International Chemical Safety Card 0282
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
Carlin, W. W. U.S. Patent 4,147,601

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Formation of nanogaps in InAs nanowires by selectively etching embedded InP segments.

Schukfeh MI1, Storm K, Hansen A, Thelander C, Hinze P, Beyer A, Weimann T, Samuelson L, Tornow M.
Nanotechnology.Nanotechnology.2014 Nov 21;25(46):465306. doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/46/465306. Epub 2014 Oct 31.
We present a method to fabricate nanometer scale gaps within InAs nanowires by selectively etching InAs/InP heterostructure nanowires. We used vapor-liquid-solid grown InAs nanowires with embedded InP segments of 10-60 nm length and developed an etching recipe to selectively remove the InP segment.
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How covalent heme to protein bonds influence the formation and reactivity of redox intermediates of a bacterial peroxidase.

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Orbital compartment syndrome in a burn patient without aggressive fluid resuscitation.

Hurst J1, Johnson D, Campbell R, Baxter S, Kratky V.
Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands).Orbit.2014 Oct;33(5):375-7. doi: 10.3109/01676830.2014.881400. Epub 2014 Apr 2.
INTRODUCTION: Orbital compartment syndrome may rarely occur in the setting of burns where therapy includes aggressive fluid resuscitation.CASE: We report a case of bilateral orbital compartment syndrome in a 13-year-old male, with superficial facial burns secondary to hydrobromic acid, who did not r
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Japanese Journal

SYNTHESIS OF ISOTHIOCHROMENES AND 1,3-DIHYDROBENZO[c]THIOPHENES BY IODINE- AND HYDROBROMIC ACID-MEDIATED CYCLIZATIONS OF o-[(tert-BUTYLSULFANYL)METHYL)]STYRENES

Heterocycles : an international journal for reviews and communications in heterocyclic chemistry 94(11), 2065-2079, 2017-11-01
NAID 40021396319

木材構成成分の酸性条件下での化学反応におけるカウンターアニオンの役割

木材学会誌 61(3), 217-225, 2015
NAID 130005071844

SYNTHESIS OF 7H-THIOPYRANO[2,3-d]PYRIMIDINES BY HYDROBROMIC ACID-MEDIATED CYCLIZATION OF 1-[4-(1,1-DIMETHYLETHYLSULFANYL)PYRIMIDIN-5-YL]PROP-2-EN-1-OLS

Heterocycles : an international journal for reviews and communications in heterocyclic chemistry 87(4), 885-895, 2013-04-01
NAID 40019622027

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「hydrobromide」「臭化水素酸」「hydrogen bromide」

「hydrobromide」

Hydrobromic acid
Identifiers
CAS number	10035-10-6
PubChem	260
ChemSpider	255
EC number	233-113-0
ChEBI	CHEBI:47266
RTECS number	MW3850000
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
	SMILES Br ;
	InChI InChI=1S/BrH/h1H ; Key: CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N InChI=1/BrH/h1H; Key: CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYAZ ;
Properties
Molecular formula	HBr
Molar mass	80.91
Appearance	colorless/faint yellow liquid
Odor	acrid
Density	1.49 g/cm3 (48% w/w aq.)
Melting point	-11 °C (47–49% w/w aq.)
Boiling point	122 °C at 700 mmHg (47–49% w/w aq.)
Solubility in water	221 g/100 mL (0 °C); 204 g/100 mL (15 °C); 130 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Acidity (pKa)	−9
Viscosity	0.84 cP (-75 °C)
Thermochemistry
Specific; heat capacity C	29.1 J/K mol
Std molar; entropy So298	198.7 J/K mol
Std enthalpy of; formation ΔfHo298	-36.3 kJ/mol
Hazards
MSDS	ICSC 0282
EU Index	035-002-01-8
EU classification	Corrosive (C)
R-phrases	R34, R37
S-phrases	(S1/2), S7/9, S26, S45
NFPA 704	0 3 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions	Hydrofluoric acid; Hydrochloric acid; Hydroiodic acid
Related compounds	Hydrogen bromide
	Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
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	Infobox references

　　[★]

臭化水素酸

関: hydrobromic acid、hydrogen bromide

「臭化水素酸」

　　[★]

英: hydrobromic acid、hydrobromide、hydrogen bromide

「hydrogen bromide」

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