hematology

• 血液学、血液科

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haematology、hematol、hematological

　 　

WordNet

1. the branch of medicine that deals with diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs (同)haematology

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1. 血液学

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/11/29 22:21:09」(JST)

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Hematology

System	Blood
Subdivisions	Hematological oncology
Significant diseases	Malaria, Thalassemia, Leukemia, Clotting disorders, Anemia, Chagas Disease, African Sleeping Sickness,
Significant tests	Blood film, Coagulation tests, Bone marrow aspirate, Complete Blood Count, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Hemoglobin A1c, Sickle Cell Screen, Manual white blood cell differential,
Specialist	Hematologist

Hematology, also spelled haematology (from the Greek αἷμα, haima "blood," and -λoγία), is the branch of medicine concerned with the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood. Hematology includes the study of etiology. It involves treating diseases that affect the production of blood and its components, such as blood cells, hemoglobin, blood proteins, bone marrow, platelets, blood vessels, spleen, and the mechanism of coagulation. Such diseases might include hemophilia, blood clots, other bleeding disorders and blood cancers such as leukemia, myeloma, and lymphoma. The laboratory work that goes into the study of blood is frequently performed by a medical technologist or medical laboratory scientist. Many hematologists work as hematologist-oncologists, also providing medical treatment for all types of cancer.

Specialization

Physicians specialized in hematology are known as hematologists or haematologists. Their routine work mainly includes the care and treatment of patients with hematological diseases, although some may also work at the hematology laboratory viewing blood films and bone marrow slides under the microscope, interpreting various hematological test results and blood clotting test results. In some institutions, hematologists also manage the hematology laboratory. Physicians who work in hematology laboratories, and most commonly manage them, are pathologists specialized in the diagnosis of hematological diseases, referred to as hematopathologists or haematopathologists. Hematologists and hematopathologists generally work in conjunction to formulate a diagnosis and deliver the most appropriate therapy if needed. Hematology is a distinct subspecialty of internal medicine, separate from but overlapping with the subspecialty of medical oncology. Hematologists may specialize further or have special interests, for example, in:

• treating bleeding disorders such as hemophilia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
• treating hematological malignancies such as lymphoma and leukemia (cancers)
• treating hemoglobinopathies
• the science of blood transfusion and the work of a blood bank
• bone marrow and stem cell transplantation

Training

Hematologist

Occupation
Names	Medical Specialist
Occupation type	Specialty
Activity sectors	Medicine
Description
Education required	Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) Medical residency Fellowship (medicine)

To begin in this career, hematologists complete a four-year medical degree which is followed by three or four more years, depending on the person, in residency or internship programs. After completion, they further expand their knowledge of hematology by spending two or three more years learning how to experiment, diagnose, and treat blood disorders. When applying for this career, most job openings look for first hand practical experiences in a recognized training program that provides practice in the following: Cause of abnormalities in formation of blood and other disorders, diagnosis of numerous blood related conditions or cancers using experimentation, and the proper care and treatment of patients in the best manner.

Scope

• Blood
  • Venous blood
  • Venipuncture
  • Hematopoiesis
  • Blood tests
  • Cord blood
• Red blood cells
  • Erythropoiesis
  • Erythropoietin
  • Iron metabolism
  • Hemoglobin
  • Glycolysis
  • Pentose phosphate pathway
• White blood cells
• Platelets
• Reticuloendothelial system
  • Bone marrow
  • Spleen
  • Liver
• Lymphatic system
• Blood transfusion
  • Blood plasma
  • Blood bank
  • Blood donors
  • Blood groups
• Hemostasis
  • Coagulation
  • Vitamin K
• Complement system
• Immunoglobulins

(abnormality of the hemoglobin molecule or of the rate of hemoglobin synthesis)

• Anemias (lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin)
• Hematological malignancies
• Coagulopathies (disorders of bleeding and coagulation)
• ...Sickle Cell Anemia
• ...thalassemia

Treatments

Treatments include:

• Diet advice
• Oral medication – tablets or liquid medicines
• Anticoagulation therapy
• Intramuscular injections (for example, vitamin B12 injections)
• Blood transfusion (for anemia)
• Platelet transfusion
• Fresh Frozen Plasma transfusion
• Cryoprecipitate transfusion
• Venesection also known as therepeutic phlebotomy (for iron overload or polycythemia)
• Bone marrow transplant (for example, for leukemia)
• All kinds of anti-cancer chemotherapy
• Radiotherapy (for example, for cancer)

Alphabetical lists

• Blood disorders
• Hematologists
• Hematology topics

Sources

• http://www.austincc.edu/mlt/clin1/hematology_review1.pdf
• http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Hematology.aspx

References

External links

• Major milestones in history of hematology (PDF)

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 最新の診療アップデート practice changing updates
• 2. 血液学の最新情報 whats new in hematology
• 3. 末梢血塗抹標本の評価 evaluation of the peripheral blood smear
• 4. 真性多血症の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of polycythemia vera
• 5. Approach to the adult with lymphocytosis or lymphocytopenia

English Journal

• A pivotal role of bone remodeling in granulocyte colony stimulating factor induced hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells mobilization.

• Li S, Zhai Q, Zou D, Meng H, Xie Z, Li C, Wang Y, Qi J, Cheng T, Qiu L.SourceState Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union of Medical College, Tianjin, China; Hematological Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
• Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2013 May;228(5):1002-9. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24246.
• The majority of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) reside in bone marrow (BM) surrounded by a specialized environment, which governs HSPC function. Here we investigated the potential role of bone remodeling cells (osteoblasts and osteoclasts) in homeostasis and stress-induced HSPC mobilizat
• PMID 23042582

• Chronic inhalation of biomass smoke is associated with DNA damage in airway cells: involvement of particulate pollutants and benzene.

• Mukherjee B, Dutta A, Roychoudhury S, Ray MR.SourceDepartment of Experimental Hematology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700 026, India.
• Journal of applied toxicology : JAT.J Appl Toxicol.2013 Apr;33(4):281-9. doi: 10.1002/jat.1748. Epub 2011 Dec 1.
• This study examined whether indoor air pollution from biomass fuel burning induces DNA damage in airway cells. For this, sputum cells were collected from 56 premenopausal rural women who cooked with biomass (wood, dung, crop residues) and 49 age-matched controls who cooked with cleaner liquefied pet
• PMID 22131134

• Activated but not resting regulatory T cells accumulated in tumor microenvironment and correlated with tumor progression in patients with colorectal cancer.

• Lin YC, Mahalingam J, Chiang JM, Su PJ, Chu YY, Lai HY, Fang JH, Huang CT, Chiu CT, Lin CY.SourceDepartment of Hematology-Oncology, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Tayouan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
• International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.Int J Cancer.2013 Mar 15;132(6):1341-50. doi: 10.1002/ijc.27784. Epub 2012 Sep 18.
• Activated T regulatory (T(reg) ) cells are potent suppressors that mediate immune tolerance. We investigated the relationship between activated T(reg) cells and the progression of human colon cancer. We designed a cross-sectional study of CD4(+) Foxp3(+) T cells from peripheral blood, primary tumo
• PMID 22907255

• Iron-targeting antitumor activity of gallium compounds and novel insights into triapine(®)-metal complexes.

• Chitambar CR, Antholine WE.Source1 Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
• Antioxidants & redox signaling.Antioxid Redox Signal.2013 Mar 10;18(8):956-72. doi: 10.1089/ars.2012.4880. Epub 2012 Oct 3.
• Abstract Significance: Despite advances made in the treatment of cancer, a significant number of patients succumb to this disease every year. Hence, there is a great need to develop new anticancer agents. Recent Advances: Emerging data show that malignant cells have a greater requirement for iron
• PMID 22900955

Japanese Journal

• Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia during the Treatment of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia with Imatinib Mesylate

• Internal Medicine 55(1), 69-72, 2016
• NAID 130005116786

• Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Digital Ulcers of Systemic Sclerosis: A Phase 2 Pilot Study

• The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 238(1), 39-47, 2016
• NAID 130005113851

• 動眼神経麻痺の自然回復後に多発脳神経麻痺が再発した悪性リンパ腫の1例

• 臨床神経学 advpub(0), 2016
• NAID 130005110886

• Effects of the Cessation of Mass Screening for Neuroblastoma at 6 Months of Age: A Population-Based Study in Osaka, Japan

• Journal of Epidemiology advpub(0), 2016
• NAID 130005107961

Related Links

• Hematology ASH Education Program

American Society of Hematology education program book. Online search, abstract, full text. Yearly publication.

• ホーム-血液・腫瘍内科ホームページ

ホーム ニュース 医局概要 教授からのメッセージ 教室の歴史 医局員紹介 研究活動 研究内容 造血細胞の増殖・分化・生存機構 造血器腫瘍の病因と病態 抗アポトーシス分子アナモルシンの機能解析 リンパ球支持機構の解析 新しい ...

• The American Society of Hematology

ASH Contributes to American College of Physicians’ High Value Care Coordination Toolkit The American Society of Hematology (ASH) took a meaningful step toward helping facilitate more effective and patient-centered ...

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リンク元	「hematological」「血液学」「hematol」「haematology」「血液科」

「hematological」

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• 血液学的な、血液学の

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haematologic、haematological、haematologically、haematology、hematol、hematologic、hematologically、hematology

「血液学」

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英

hematology、((古))haematology、hematol、hematological

関

血液学的、血液科

「hematol」

　　[★]

• 血液学

関

haematology、hematological、hematology

「haematology」

　　[★]

血液学

関

hematol、hematological、hematology

「血液科」

　　[★]

英

hematology

関

血液学