head of malleus

ツチ骨頭

WordNet

1. to go or travel towards; "where is she heading"; "We were headed for the mountains"
2. the length or height based on the size of a human or animal head; "he is two heads taller than his little sister"; "his horse won by a head"
3. the pressure exerted by a fluid; "a head of steam"
4. the tip of an abscess (where the pus accumulates)
5. (nautical) a toilet on board a boat or ship
6. (usually plural) the obverse side of a coin that usually bears the representation of a persons head; "call heads or tails!"
7. a projection out from one end; "the head of the nail", "a pinhead is the head of a pin"
8. a single domestic animal; "200 head of cattle"
9. the striking part of a tool; "the head of the hammer"
10. the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains; "he stuck his head out the window" (同)caput
11. a person who is in charge; "the head of the whole operation" (同)chief, top_dog
12. (grammar) the word in a grammatical constituent that plays the same grammatical role as the whole constituent (同)head word
13. a rounded compact mass; "the head of a comet"
14. a user of (usually soft) drugs; "the office was full of secret heads"
15. an individual person; "tickets are $5 per head"
16. that part of a skeletal muscle that is away from the bone that it moves
17. the foam or froth that accumulates at the top when you pour an effervescent liquid into a container; "the beer had a large head of foam"
18. the front of a military formation or procession; "the head of the column advanced boldly"; "they were at the head of the attack"
19. the rounded end of a bone that fits into a rounded cavity in another bone to form a joint; "the head of the humerus"
20. the top of something; "the head of the stairs"; "the head of the page"; "the head of the list"
21. be the first or leading member of (a group) and excel; "This student heads the class" (同)head up
22. be in charge of; "Who is heading this project?" (同)lead
23. be in the front of or on top of; "The list was headed by the name of the president"
24. form a head or come or grow to a head; "The wheat headed early this year"
25. remove the head of; "head the fish"
26. take its rise; "These rivers head from a mountain range in the Himalayas"
27. of leafy vegetables; having formed into a head; "headed cabbages"
28. having a head of a specified kind or anything that serves as a head; often used in combination; "headed bolts"; "three-headed Cerberus"; "a cool-headed fighter pilot"
29. having a heading or caption; "a headed column"; "headed notepaper"
30. having a heading or course in a certain direction; "westward headed wagons"
31. the 5th letter of the Hebrew alphabet
32. a line of text serving to indicate what the passage below it is about; "the heading seemed to have little to do with the text" (同)header, head

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (顔を含めた)『頭』,頭部,首;(髪の生えている部分の)頭 / 『頭脳』,頭の働き,知力,才能;理性 / 『長』,指導者,支配者 / (ある物の)頭,上部,先端,先頭 / (川・泉の)源,水源 / (人・動物の)頭数,一人,1頭 / 『首席』,首位 / 《複数形で》(頭像のある)貨幣の表 / 項目,表題(新聞の)見出し / 《米俗》マリファナ常用者 / 長の,指導者の / …‘の'先頭に立つ,‘を'率いる;…‘の'長である / (…の方へ)…‘を'向ける《+『名』+『for』(『toward』)+『名』》 / (サッカーで)〈ボール〉‘を'頭で受ける,ヘディングする / (…に向かって)進む《+for(toward)+名》・「give a head」で「オーラルセックスをする・相手の性器をなめる」
2. 《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
3. 頭[部]のある,見出しのある / (キャベツなどが)結球した / 《複合語を作って》「…の頭を持つ」「頭が…の」の意を表す
4. 彼は,彼が / 《指す人の性別が分からないか,または分かる必要のない場合に》その人,あの人,自分 / 《he who(that)の形で》《文》…するものはだれでも / (動物の)おす(雄)
5. 鬼ごっこ(tag,tick,tig)
6. (章・節などの)表題,見出し

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/09/11 22:06:42」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

This article is about the ossicle. For other uses, see Malleus (disambiguation).

Malleus
Malleus Tensor tympani Incus Stapedius Labyrinth Stapes Auditory canal Tympanic membrane (Ear drum) Eustachian tube Tympanic cavity Bones and muscles in the tympanic cavity in the middle ear
Left malleus. A. From behind. B. From within.
The right membrana tympani with the hammer and the chorda tympani, viewed from within, from behind, and from above. (Malleus visible at center.)
Details
Precursor	1st branchial arch
Identifiers
Latin	Malleus
MeSH	A09.246.397.247.524
TA	A15.3.02.043
FMA	52753
Anatomical terms of bone [edit on Wikidata]

This article is one of a series documenting the anatomy of the
Human ear
Outer ear Pinna Tragus
Middle ear Tympanic membrane Ossicles Malleus Incus Stapes
Inner ear Vestibules Utricle Saccule Cochlea Semicircular canals

The malleus /ˈmæliəs/ or hammer is a hammer-shaped small bone or ossicle of the middle ear which connects with the incus and is attached to the inner surface of the eardrum. The word is Latin for hammer or mallet. It transmits the sound vibrations from the eardrum to the incus.

Structure

See also: Ossicles

The malleus is a bone situated in the middle ear. It is the first of the three ossicles, and attached to the tympanic membrane. The head of the malleus is the large protruding section, which attaches to the incus. The head connects to the neck of malleus, and the bone continues as the handle of malleus, which connects to the tympanic membrane. Between the neck and handle of the malleus, lateral and anterior processes emerge from the bone.

The malleus is unique to mammals, and evolved from a lower jaw bone in basal amniotes called the articular, which still forms part of the jaw joint in reptiles and birds.

Development

Embryologically it is derived from the first pharyngeal arch along with the rest of the bones of mastication, such as the maxilla and mandible.

Function

Main article: Hearing

The malleus is one of three ossicles in the middle ear which transmit sound from the tympanic membrane (ear drum) to the inner ear. The malleus receives vibrations from the tympanic membrane and transmits this to the incus.

History

Several sources attribute the discovery of the malleus to the anatomist and philosopher Alessandro Achillini. The first brief written description of the malleus was by Berengario da Carpi in his Commentaria super anatomia Mundini (1521). Niccolo Massa's Liber introductorius anatomiae described the malleus in slightly more detail and likened both it and the incus to little hammers terming them malleoli.

Additional images

Ossicles  Head and neck of a human embryo eighteen weeks old, with Meckel's cartilage and hyoid bone exposed.  External and middle ear, opened from the front. Right side.  Chain of ossicles and their ligaments, seen from the front in a vertical, transverse section of the tympanum.  CT image of malleus  Auditory ossicles. Tympanic cavity. Deep dissection.  Auditory ossicles. Incus and malleus. Deep dissection.

See also

This article uses anatomical terminology; for an overview, see Anatomical terminology.

• Bone terminology
• Evolution of mammalian auditory ossicles
• Ligaments of malleus
• Terms for anatomical location

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 頭頚部癌の長期生存者に対するアプローチの概要 overview of approach to long term survivors of head and neck cancer
• 2. 頭頸部癌に対する治療の概要 overview of treatment for head and neck cancer
• 3. 頭頚部癌の診断および病期分類の概要 overview of the diagnosis and staging of head and neck cancer
• 4. 幼児および小児における軽微な頭部外傷：評価 minor head trauma in infants and children evaluation
• 5. 小頭症に対する臨床遺伝学的アプローチ microcephaly a clinical genetics approach

English Journal

• PMID 34057736
• PMID 34592848
• PMID 34510119

Japanese Journal

• Visualization of Middle Ear Ossicles in Elder Subjects with Ultra-short Echo Time MR Imaging

• Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences 16(2), 93-97, 2017
• NAID 130005589296

• Visualization of Middle Ear Ossicles in Elder Subjects with Ultra-short Echo Time MR Imaging

• Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences advpub(0), 2016
• NAID 130005138191

• 後天性二次性真珠腫7症例の検討

• Ｏｔｏｌｏｇｙ　Ｊａｐａｎ 25(2), 104-110, 2015
• NAID 130005398787

Related Links

• Head of malleus - IMAIOS

The head ( capitulum mallei) is the large upper extremity of the bone; it is oval in shape, and articulates posteriorly with the incus, being free in the rest of its extent. The facet for articulation with the incus is constricted near the middle, and consists of an upper larger and lower smaller part, which form nearly a right angle with each ...

• Head of malleus - IMAIOS

Head of malleus - Caput mallei Anatomical hierarchy General terms > Sense organs > Organum vestibulocochleare [auris] > Auditory ossicles > Malleus > Head of malleus Translations Description There is no description for this ...

• Head of malleus | definition of head of malleus by Medical ...

Removal of head of Malleus and body of Incus or Incus completely with dislocation of Incudo-stapedial joint and removal of scutum was done for C1b cholesteatoma (medial attic).The MDCT images were also quantitatively analyzed by ...

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関連記事	「heading」「head」

「heading」

　　[★]

• n.

• 頭付け。頭部、上部、正面。(ページ・章の)標題、(小)見出し。項、節。(船首などの)方向、飛行方向/方位。首切り

　 　

「head」

　　[★]

• n.

• 頭部、頭