hardened

　 　 　

WordNet

1. protected against attack (especially by nuclear weapons); "hardened missile silos"
2. converted to solid form (as concrete) (同)set
3. used of persons; emotionally hardened; "faced a case-hardened judge" (同)hardened, hard-boiled
4. steel with a surface that is much harder than the interior metal
5. steel that is quenched in oil
6. make hard or harder; "The cold hardened the butter" (同)indurate
7. become hard or harder; "The wax hardened" (同)indurate

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 堅くなった・心を堅くした;無情の・常習的な，札つきの・面の皮の厚い
2. 〈物〉‘を'『堅くする』,固める / 〈人・心〉‘を'『がんこ(悲情)にする』,かたくなにする;〈人〉‘を'(…に)無感覚にする《+『名』〈人〉+『to』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 〈体など〉‘を'強くする,鍛練する / 〈信念・信仰など〉‘を'強固にする / 〈物が〉堅くなる,固まる / 〈人・心が〉かたくなになる,がんこになる / 〈体が〉強くなる / 〈信念・信仰などが〉強固になる,固まる

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/11/30 18:29:24」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Hardening means making a material, particularly a metal, physically harder, and includes particular cases such as:

• Hardening (metallurgy), the strengthening of metal alloys by heat treatment
• Case hardening, the process of hardening the surface of a metal by infusing elements into the material's surface forming a thin layer of a harder alloy
  • Case hardening of rocks
  • Case hardening (woodworking)
• Air-hardening steel
• Cryogenic hardening
• Differential hardening
• Diffusion hardening
• Fire hardening
• Induction hardening
• Laser hardening
• Precipitation hardening
• Quenching#Quench hardening
• Shock hardening
• Work hardening, also called strain hardening or cold working
  • Strain hardening exponent, a materials constant used in calculations regarding work hardening

It also has the metaphorical meaning of making something more resistant to some threat:

• Hardening (botany) or cold hardening, the process by which a plant survives freezing temperatures
• Hardening (computing), the process of securing a system
• Intellectual property hardening
• Target hardening, making a military or civilian installation resistant to armed attack
• Radiation hardening, making a component or installation resistant to ionizing radiation
• g-hardening, protection of something against high g-force due to acceleration
• Windows Service Hardening, protection of Microsoft Windows services

It may also mean:

• Absorption hardening, in nuclear engineering, an increase in the average energy of neutrons by absorption of those of lower energy
• Hardening of the arteries
• a synonym for sclerotization occurring in arthropods

See also

• Harden (disambiguation)
• Hardness

UpToDate Contents

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• Newly developed Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta-Si-Fe biomedical beta titanium alloys with increased strength and enhanced biocompatibility.

• Kopova I1, Stráský J2, Harcuba P2, Landa M3, Janeček M2, Bačákova L4.
• Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl.2016 Mar 1;60:230-8. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.11.043. Epub 2015 Nov 17.
• Beta titanium alloys are promising materials for load-bearing orthopaedic implants due to their excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, low elastic modulus and moderate strength. Metastable beta-Ti alloys can be hardened via precipitation of the alpha phase; however, this has an adverse
• PMID 26706526

• Microstructural Changes in High-Protein Nutrition Bars Formulated with Extruded or Toasted Milk Protein Concentrate.

• Banach JC1, Clark S1, Lamsal BP1.
• Journal of food science.J Food Sci.2016 Jan 8. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.13198. [Epub ahead of print]
• Milk protein concentrates with more than 80% protein (that is, MPC80) are underutilized as the primary protein source in high-protein nutrition bars as they impart crumbliness and cause hardening during storage. High-protein nutrition bar texture changes are often associated with internal protein ag
• PMID 26748454

• Deformability measurement of red blood cells using a microfluidic channel array and an air cavity in a driving syringe with high throughput and precise detection of subpopulations.

• Kang YJ1, Ha YR, Lee SJ.
• The Analyst.Analyst.2016 Jan 7;141(1):319-30. doi: 10.1039/c5an01988e. Epub 2015 Nov 30.
• Red blood cell (RBC) deformability has been considered a potential biomarker for monitoring pathological disorders. High throughput and detection of subpopulations in RBCs are essential in the measurement of RBC deformability. In this paper, we propose a new method to measure RBC deformability by ev
• PMID 26616556

• Defining the Brittle Failure Envelopes of Individual Reaction Zones Observed in CO2-Exposed Wellbore Cement.

• Hangx SJ1, Linden AV1, Marcelis F1, Liteanu E1.
• Environmental science & technology.Environ Sci Technol.2016 Jan 6. [Epub ahead of print]
• To predict the behavior of the cement sheath after CO2 injection and the potential for leakage pathways, it is key to understand how the mechanical properties of the cement evolves with CO2 exposure time. We performed scratch-hardness tests on hardened samples of class G cement before and after CO2
• PMID 26690239

Japanese Journal

• 速報的小論文 物理的刺激により,腫瘤の硬化と疼痛の出現ならびに超音波検査所見の変化を認めた血管内乳頭状内皮細胞過形成の1例

• 岡林 綾,田口 麻莉,岸田 大 [他]
• 日本皮膚科学会雑誌 = The Japanese journal of dermatology 123(10), 1961-1964, 2013-10
• NAID 40019790289

• A-11 α-β相転移を用いたリン酸三カルシウムセメントの調製(生体用セラミックス・セメント,一般講演(口頭発表),第62回日本歯科理工学会学術講演会)

• 荒平 高章,丸田 道人,松家 茂樹
• 日本歯科理工学会誌 32(5), 334, 2013-09-25
• … The heat treated powder was mixed with 0.25M Na_2HPO_4 at a P/L ratio of 2, and then hardened at 37℃ and 100%RH up to 24 hours. … XRD patterns showed that the content of β-TCP increased with heating time and the resulting hardened cement consisted of biphasic HAP and β-TCP. …
• NAID 110009674221

• Improvement of Fatigue Strength of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Hybrid Surface Treatment Composed of Plasma Nitriding and Fine-Particle Bombarding

• Morita Tatsuro,Uehigashi Noriaki,Kagaya Chuji
• Materials Transactions 54(9), 1719-1724, 2013-09
• NAID 40019762348

• カリカリ梅におよぼすミネラル成分の影響 (特集 ウメと塩)

• 小竹 佐知子,乙黒 親男
• 日本海水学会誌 = Bulletin of the Society of Sea Water Science, Japan 67(4), 212-218, 2013-08
• NAID 40019776778

Related Links

• hardenedの意味・用例｜英辞郎 on the WEB：アルク

hardened 【形】 硬くなった 《冶金》硬化した 〔人が〕鍛えられた、鍛錬された ... - アルクがお届けする進化するオンライン英和・和英辞書データベース。一般的な単語や連語から、イディオム、専門用語、スラングまで幅広く収録。

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• hardenedの意味 - goo辞書 英和和英

hardenedとは。意味や和訳。[形]1 〈物が〉硬化された，堅くなった，〈人が〉鍛えられた，強くなった.2 〈人が〉無情な，冷酷な；頑固なbecome hardened to [towards] ...…に冷酷[無感覚]になる.3 確固たる；根深い；常習のa ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

拡張検索	「hardened oil」
関連記事	「harden」

「hardened oil」

　　[★]

• 硬化油

関

hydrogenated oil

「harden」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 硬化する

関

consolidation、curing、hardening、indurated、induration、sclerosis、stiffening