WordNet

to remain unmolested, undisturbed, or uninterrupted -- used only in infinitive form; "let her be"
work in a specific place, with a specific subject, or in a specific function; "He is a herpetologist"; "She is our resident philosopher" (同)follow
have life, be alive; "Our great leader is no more"; "My grandfather lived until the end of war" (同)live
be identical to; be someone or something; "The president of the company is John Smith"; "This is my house"
happen, occur, take place; "I lost my wallet; this was during the visit to my parents house"; "There were two hundred people at his funeral"; "There was a lot of noise in the kitchen"
have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun); "John is rich"; "This is not a good answer"
occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere; "Where is my umbrella?" "The toolshed is in the back"; "What is behind this behavior?"
spend or use time; "I may be an hour"
stake on the outcome of an issue; "I bet $100 on that new horse"; "She played all her money on the dark horse" (同)wager, play
the act of gambling; "he did it on a bet" (同)wager
maintain with or as if with a bet; "I bet she will be there!" (同)wager
second in order of importance; "the candidate, considered a beta male, was perceived to be unable to lead his party to victory"
the 2nd letter of the Greek alphabet
preliminary or testing stage of a software or hardware product; "a beta version"; "beta software"
beets (同)genus Beta

PrepTutorEJDIC

《連結語として補語を伴なって…『である』,…だ,…です / 《位置・場所を表す語句を伴って》(…に)『ある』,いる(occupy a place or situation) / 〈物事が〉『存在する』,ある(exist);〈生物が〉生存する,生きている(live) / 行われる,起こる,発生する(take place, occur) / 存続する,そのままでいる(remain as before) / 《『be to』 do》 / …する予定である,…することになっている / …すべきだ / 《受動態の不定詞を伴って》…できる / 《命令》…するのだ / 《条件節に》…する意図がある / 《『if…were to』 do》…するとしたなら / 《『be』 do『ing』》《進行形》 / 《進行中の動作》…している,しつつある / 《近い未来》…しようとしている,するつもり / 《動作の反復》(いつも)…している / 《『be』+『他動詞の過去分詞』》《受動態》…される,されている / 《『be』+『自動詞の過去分詞』》《完了形》…した[状態にある]
『かけ』・(…との)かけ《+『with』+『名』》 / かけた物(金) / かけの対象 / 〈金・物〉'を'『かける』 / (かけ事・ゲームなどで)〈人〉‘と'『かけをする』《+『名』〈人〉+『on』+『名』》 / (…に)『かける』《+『on』(『against』)+『名』(one's do『ing』)》
ベータ(ギリシア語アルファベットの第2文字;B,β;英語のB,b に遭当)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/22 14:28:08」(JST)

wiki en

Gonadotropin preparations are drugs that mimic the physiological effects of gonadotropins, used therapeutically mainly as fertility medication for ovarian hyperstimulation and reversal of anovulation. For example, the so-called menotropins consist of LH and FSH extracted from human urine from menopausal women.^[1] There are also recombinant variants.

1 FSH and LH preparations
2 FSH preparations
- 2.1 Urinary preparations
- 2.2 Recombinant preparations
- 2.3 Side effects of FSH preparations
3 FSH Analogs
4 LH (Luteinizing hormone) preparations
5 hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotropin) preparations
- 5.1 Urinary preparations
- 5.2 Recombinant preparations
6 References

FSH and LH preparations

hMG (human Menopausal Gonadotrophins), FSH and LH prepared from human urine collected from postmenopausal women. First extracted in 1953.^[2] Injected intra-muscularily (IM) or subcutaneously (SC).

Generic

menotropins for injections, USP

Brands

Menopur, 5 mL vials containing 75 IU FSH and 75 IU LH.
Repronex, vials containing either 75 IU FSH and 75 IU LH, or 150 IU FSH and 150 IU LH.

The more common side effects of preparations containing FSH and LH are:^[3]

Mild bloating
Pain, swelling, or irritation injection site
Rash at injection site or other part of body
Stomach pain or pelvic pain

FSH preparations

Preparations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) mainly include those derived from the urine of menopausal women, as well as recombinant preparations. The recombinant preparations are more pure and more easily administered, but they are more expensive. The urinary preparations are equally effective and less expensive, but are not as convenient to administer as they are available in vials versus injection pens. One study reported that users of the purified urinary FSH preparation Bravelle experienced less injection site pain compared to the recombinant preparation Follistim.^[4]

Urinary preparations

Purified urinary FSH (75 IU FSH and ≤ 2 IU of LH)

Generic

urofollitropin for injection, purified.

Brands

Bravelle, U.S., (≤ 2 IU LH)
Metrodin, U.S. and Canada, (≤ 1 IU LH)
Fertinorm Hp, (Canada)

Highly purified urinary FSH (75 IU FSH and ≤ 0.1 IU LH/1000 IU FSH)

Generic

urofollitropin for injection, (highly) purified.

Dosage

typically 75 - 300, but as high as 600 IU / day

Brands

Fertinex (≤ 0.1 IU LH/1000 IU FSH)

Recombinant preparations

Follitropin alfa

Generic

Follitropin alfa injection

Brands

Cinnal-f

Fertilex

   Ovaleap
   Bemfola

Follitropin beta

Generic

follitropin beta injection

Brands

Follistim
Puregon

The package insert for Gonal-F states that based on physio-chemical tests and bioassays that follitropin beta and follitropin alfa are indistinguishable. Two studies showed no difference.^[5]^[6] However, a more recent study showed there is may be a slight clinical difference, with the alfa form tending towards a higher pregnancy rate and the beta form tending towards a lower pregnancy rate, but with significantly higher estradiol (E2) levels.^[7]

The package insert for Puregon states that structural analysis shows that the amino acid sequence of follitropin beta is identical to that of natural human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH). Further, the ogliosaccharide side chains are very similar, but not completely identical to that of natural hFSH. However, these small differences do not affect the bioactivity compared to natural hFSH.

Side effects of FSH preparations

Side effects of FSH preparations include:^[8]

Local irritation at the injection site
Feeling of fullness, bloating, and tenderness in the lower abdomen due to increasing size of the ovaries.
Mood swings
Fatigue

FSH Analogs

Corifollitropin alfa

Merck received approval on February 15, 2010 from the European Commission for ELONVA (corifollitropin alfa) a long lasting single injection fusion protein lacking LH activity. Only one injection is required for the first seven days, replacing the first seven daily injections of conventional FSH. Initial results demonstrates similar pregnancy rates as daily recombinant FSH injections.^[9]^[10]

LH (Luteinizing hormone) preparations

Prepared from recombinant DNA.

Generic

lutropin alfa for injection

Brands

Luveris

hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotropin) preparations

Used to induce final maturation of follicle and subsequent ovulation. Also used for luteal phase support. Typically a single injection of 10,000 international units is used to induce ovulation. Recent data has shown that subcutaneous injection works as well as intramuscular injection, however this form of administration is not FDA approved.^[11]

Urinary preparations

Derived from the urine of pregnant women.

Generic

(human) chorionic gonadotropin for injection, USP

Brands

Pregnyl (Merck/Schering-Plough)
Follutein
Profasi
Novarel

Recombinant preparations

Generic

choriogonadotropin alfa for injection (recombinant human Chorionic Gonadotropin, r-hCG).

Brands

Ovidrel

References

^ Menotropins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
^ Ghumman, Surveen, 2006. Step by Step Ovulation Induction. Anshan Ltd, Kent, United Kingdom. ISBN 1-904798-96-9. Page 44.
^ Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone (Intramuscular Route, Subcutaneous Route) Side effects. From Mayo Clinic. Last updated: Nov. 1, 2011
^ Dickey, RP; Thornton, M; Nichols, J; Marshall, DC; Fein, SH; Nardi, RV (Jun 2002). "Comparison of the efficacy and safety of a highly purified human follicle-stimulating hormone (Bravelle) and recombinant follitropin-beta for in vitro fertilization: a prospective, randomized study". Fertility and Sterility 77 (6): 1202–8. doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03131-x.
^ Brinsden, Peter; Akagbosu, Fidelis; Gibbons, Lisa M; Lancaster, Susan; Gourdon, Dominique; Engrand, Patrick; Loumaye, Ernest (2000). "A comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of two recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone preparations in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer". Fertility and Sterility 73 (1): 114–116. doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00450-1.
^ Williams, R. Stan; et al. (2003). "Pregnancy rates in varying age groups after in vitro fertilization: a comparison of follitropin alfa (Gonal F) and follitropin beta (Follistim)". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 189 (2): 342–346. doi:10.1067/s0002-9378(03)00728-2.
^ Orvieto, R; Nahum, R; Rabinson, J; Ashkenazi, J; Anteby, EY; Meltcer, S (Apr 2009). "Follitropin-alpha (Gonal-F) versus follitropin-beta (Puregon) in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization: is there any difference?". Fertility and Sterility 91 (4 Suppl): 1522–5. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.08.112. PMID 18851846.
^ Pharmacy FAQ from Regional Fertility Program, Cambrian Wellness Centre. Retrieved December 2013
^ Koper, N. P.; et al. "Corifollitropin alfa demonstrates similar pregnancy rates as compared to daily recombinant FSH treatment in a controlled ovarian stimulation regimen for IVF/ICSI". Fertility and Sterility 90: S75. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.864.
^ Devroey, P; Boostanfar, R; Koper, NP; Mannaerts, BM; Ijzerman-Boon, PC; Fauser, BC (2009). "A double-blind, non-inferiority RCT comparing corifollitropin alfa and recombinant FSH during the first seven days of ovarian stimulation using a GnRH antagonist protocol". Human Reproduction 24: 3063–72. doi:10.1093/humrep/dep291. PMC: 2777786. PMID 19684043.
^ http://www.washivf.com/GWIVF-GWIVF_Content_C-Index_Page_Template_1143644788329.html

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 排卵誘発の概要 overview of ovulation induction
2. 体外受精（IFV） in vitro fertilization
3. Patient education: Infertility treatment with gonadotropins (Beyond the Basics)

English Journal

Ultrasound diagnosed adenomyosis has a negative impact on successful implantation following GnRH antagonist IVF treatment.

Thalluri V1, Tremellen KP.
Human reproduction (Oxford, England).Hum Reprod.2012 Dec;27(12):3487-92. doi: 10.1093/humrep/des305. Epub 2012 Sep 20.
STUDY QUESTION: Does the presence of ultrasound diagnosed adenomyosis interfere with successful implantation in patients undergoing IVF treatment with GnRH antagonist ovarian stimulation SUMMARY ANSWER: The presence of ultrasound diagnosed adenomyosis was associated with a significant reduction in s
PMID 22997247

[Thromboembolism in fertility treatment].

Mer L.
Läkartidningen.Lakartidningen.2012 Nov 28-Dec 4;109(48):2228.
PMID 23330531

Endometrial gene expression in the early luteal phase is impacted by mode of triggering final oocyte maturation in recFSH stimulated and GnRH antagonist co-treated IVF cycles.

Humaidan P1, Van Vaerenbergh I, Bourgain C, Alsbjerg B, Blockeel C, Schuit F, Van Lommel L, Devroey P, Fatemi H.
Human reproduction (Oxford, England).Hum Reprod.2012 Nov;27(11):3259-72. doi: 10.1093/humrep/des279. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
STUDY QUESTION: Do differences in endometrial gene expression exist after ovarian stimulation with four different regimens of triggering final oocyte maturation and luteal phase support in the same patient SUMMARY ANSWER: Significant differences in the expression of genes involved in receptivity and
PMID 22930004

Japanese Journal

遺伝子組換え卵胞刺激ホルモン(Org32489)を用いた調節卵巣刺激-日本人女性を対象とした前向きオープン多施設共同試験 : 日本と外国のIVF試験の比較

久保春海,竹田省,木下勝之,本山洋明,小林真一郎,森本義晴
日本不妊学会雑誌 = Japanese journal of fertility and sterility 48(1), 49-60, 2003-04-01
NAID 80015886249

「フォリトロピンベータ」

　　[★]

英: follitropin beta
商: フォリスチム

「beta」

　　[★]

β、ベータ　　　　

「be」

　　[★] 　　　　　　　　　

[1] Menotropins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

[2] Ghumman, Surveen, 2006. Step by Step Ovulation Induction. Anshan Ltd, Kent, United Kingdom. ISBN 1-904798-96-9. Page 44.

[3] Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone (Intramuscular Route, Subcutaneous Route) Side effects. From Mayo Clinic. Last updated: Nov. 1, 2011

[4] Dickey, RP; Thornton, M; Nichols, J; Marshall, DC; Fein, SH; Nardi, RV (Jun 2002). "Comparison of the efficacy and safety of a highly purified human follicle-stimulating hormone (Bravelle) and recombinant follitropin-beta for in vitro fertilization: a prospective, randomized study". Fertility and Sterility 77 (6): 1202–8. doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03131-x.

[5] Brinsden, Peter; Akagbosu, Fidelis; Gibbons, Lisa M; Lancaster, Susan; Gourdon, Dominique; Engrand, Patrick; Loumaye, Ernest (2000). "A comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of two recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone preparations in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer". Fertility and Sterility 73 (1): 114–116. doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00450-1.

[6] Williams, R. Stan; et al. (2003). "Pregnancy rates in varying age groups after in vitro fertilization: a comparison of follitropin alfa (Gonal F) and follitropin beta (Follistim)". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 189 (2): 342–346. doi:10.1067/s0002-9378(03)00728-2.

[7] Orvieto, R; Nahum, R; Rabinson, J; Ashkenazi, J; Anteby, EY; Meltcer, S (Apr 2009). "Follitropin-alpha (Gonal-F) versus follitropin-beta (Puregon) in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization: is there any difference?". Fertility and Sterility 91 (4 Suppl): 1522–5. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.08.112. PMID 18851846.

[8] Pharmacy FAQ from Regional Fertility Program, Cambrian Wellness Centre. Retrieved December 2013

[9] Koper, N. P.; et al. "Corifollitropin alfa demonstrates similar pregnancy rates as compared to daily recombinant FSH treatment in a controlled ovarian stimulation regimen for IVF/ICSI". Fertility and Sterility 90: S75. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.864.

[10] Devroey, P; Boostanfar, R; Koper, NP; Mannaerts, BM; Ijzerman-Boon, PC; Fauser, BC (2009). "A double-blind, non-inferiority RCT comparing corifollitropin alfa and recombinant FSH during the first seven days of ovarian stimulation using a GnRH antagonist protocol". Human Reproduction 24: 3063–72. doi:10.1093/humrep/dep291. PMC: 2777786. PMID 19684043.

[11] ttp://www.washivf.com/GWIVF-GWIVF_Content_C-Index_Page_Template_1143644788329.html

リンク元	「フォリトロピンベータ」
関連記事	「beta」「be」

匿名

検索

案内

案内

follitropin beta

WordNet

PrepTutorEJDIC

Wikipedia preview

wiki en

Contents

FSH and LH preparations

FSH preparations

Urinary preparations

Recombinant preparations

Side effects of FSH preparations

FSH Analogs

LH (Luteinizing hormone) preparations

hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotropin) preparations

Urinary preparations

Recombinant preparations

References

UpToDate Contents

English Journal

Japanese Journal

Related Links

★リンクテーブル★

「フォリトロピンベータ」

「beta」

「be」