顔面骨
WordNet
- remove the bones from; "bone the turkey before roasting it" (同)debone
- the porous calcified substance from which bones are made (同)osseous_tissue
- consisting of or made up of bone; "a bony substance"; "the bony framework of the body"
- a shade of white the color of bleached bones (同)ivory, pearl, off-white
- rigid connective tissue that makes up the skeleton of vertebrates (同)os
- of or pertaining to the outside surface of an object
- care for the face that usually involves cleansing and massage and the application of cosmetic creams
- cranial nerve that supplies facial muscles (同)facial_nerve, nervus_facialis, seventh_cranial_nerve
- of or concerning the face; "a facial massage"; "facial hair"; "facial expression"
- a percussion instrument consisting of a pair of hollow pieces of wood or bone (usually held between the thumb and fingers) that are made to click together (as by Spanish dancers) in rhythm with the dance (同)castanets, clappers, finger cymbals
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈C〉骨 / 〈U〉骨を作っている物質,骨質 / 《複数形で》骨格;死骸(がい) / 〈魚など〉‘の'骨を取る
- 顔の;顔用の / (マッサージや化粧品による)顔の手入れ
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/12/11 11:08:06」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Facial bones |
|
Facial bones
|
|
The skull from the front.
|
| Details |
| Latin |
ossa faciei, ossa facialia |
| Identifiers |
| Gray's |
p.156 |
Dorlands
/Elsevier |
Facial bones |
| TA |
A02.1.00.008 |
| FMA |
FMA:53673 |
| Anatomical terms of bone |
The facial skeleton, splanchnocranium or viscerocranium consists of a part of the skull that is derived from branchial arches. The facial bones are the bones of the anterior and lower skull. The other, dorsal part of the skull is the neurocranium.
Contents
- 1 Human facial bones
- 2 More images with facial bones
- 3 Embryonic origins
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Human facial bones
For the human skull, most sources include at least these fourteen bones in their lists of facial bones:[1][2]
- Inferior nasal concha (2)
- Lacrimal bones (2)
- Mandible
- Maxilla (2)
- Nasal bones (2)
- Palatine bones (2)
- Vomer
- Zygomatic bones (2)
Variations
The hyoid bone is sometimes included, and sometimes excluded. The ethmoid bone (or a part of it) is sometimes included, but otherwise considered part of the neurocranium; the same is the case with the sphenoid bone. Some sources describe the maxilla's left and right parts as two bones. Likewise, the palatine bone is also sometimes described as two bones.
Anatomical textbooks differ in what bones they include in their enumerations of the bones of the facial skeleton. Some textbooks make a strict distinction between bones of the neurocranium and viscerocranium, primarily based on the respective bones' embryological origins. Other textbooks are more lenient, maybe in an effort to provide more context or be more comprehensive, and tend to include all the bones that can be seen in a frontal aspect of the human skull in their enumerations of the facial bones; consequently they include bones such as the frontal bone, etc. in their lists, as is also evident in the illustrations on this page.[3]
More images with facial bones
-
Illustration depicting bones of the face.
-
-
Skulls with resistances structures
Embryonic origins
The splanchnocranium is derived from the neural crest cells (also responsible for the development of the neurocranium, teeth and adrenal medulla) or from the sclerotome which derives from the somite block of the mesoderm. As with the neurocranium, in Chondricthyes and other cartilaginous vertebrates, they are not replaced via endochondral ossification. In tetrapods, such as amphibians and reptiles, the columella connecting to the tympanum is derived from the splanchnocranium. In mammals, the splanchnocranium derives the bones of the middle ear, the malleus, the incus and stapes.
References
- ^ Skeletal System / Divisions of the Skeleton
- ^ facial+bone - Definition from Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary
- ^ Obviously such differences will affect the total bone count of the facial skeleton, but it should be kept in mind that these are only differences in how to classify and/or describe the anatomy of the skull, and that regardless of what classification/description is preferred, the anatomy remains the same. NB: Students of human anatomy are well advised to determine which classification is taught by their lecturers, as deviations from their examiners' preferred classifications may well be deemed incorrect.
External links
- ent/9 at eMedicine - "Facial Bone Anatomy"
|
Compound structures of skull (TA A02.1.00.002–052)
|
|
| Neurocranium |
- Calvaria (Diploë)
- Asterion
- Pterion
- Stephanion
- Inion
- Bregma
- Lambda
- Fossae: anterior cranial fossa
- middle cranial fossa
- posterior cranial fossa
- cranial cavity
- Base of skull
- Fontanelles: anterior
- posterior
- sphenoidal
- mastoid
|
|
| Facial skeleton |
|
|
| Both |
- dacryon
- zygomatic arch
- temporal fossa
- infratemporal fossa
- pterygomaxillary fissure
- pterygopalatine fossa
|
|
|
|
anat (c/f/k/f, u, t/p, l)/phys/devp/cell
|
noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
|
|
|
|
|
|
The facial skeleton of the skull (TA A02.1.08–15)
|
|
| Maxilla |
| Surfaces |
- Anterior: fossae (Incisive fossa, Canine fossa)
- Infraorbital foramen
- Anterior nasal spine
- Infratemporal: Alveolar canals
- Maxillary tuberosity
- Orbital: Infraorbital groove
- Infraorbital canal
- Nasal: Greater palatine canal
|
|
| Processes |
- Zygomatic process
- Frontal process (Agger nasi, Anterior lacrimal crest)
- Alveolar process
- Palatine process (Incisive foramen, Incisive canals, Foramina of Scarpa, Incisive bone, Anterior nasal spine)
|
|
| Other |
- Body of maxilla
- Maxillary sinus
|
|
|
| Zygomatic |
- Orbital process (Zygomatico-orbital)
- Temporal process (Zygomaticotemporal)
- Lateral process (Zygomaticofacial)
|
|
| Palatine |
| Fossae |
- Pterygopalatine fossa
- Pterygoid fossa
|
|
| Plates |
- Horizontal plate (Posterior nasal spine)
- Perpendicular plate (Greater palatine canal, Sphenopalatine foramen, Pyramidal process)
|
|
| Processes |
|
|
|
| Mandible |
| Body |
- external surface (Symphysis menti, Lingual foramen, Mental protuberance, Mental foramen, Mandibular incisive canal)
- internal surface (Mental spine, Mylohyoid line, Sublingual fovea, Submandibular fovea)
- Alveolar part of mandible
|
|
| Ramus |
- Mylohyoid groove (Mandibular canal, Lingula)
- Mandibular foramen
- Angle
- Coronoid process
- Mandibular notch
- Condyloid process
- Pterygoid fovea
|
|
|
Minor/
nose |
- Nasal bone: Internasal suture
- Nasal foramina
- Inferior nasal concha: Ethmoidal process
- Maxillary process
- Vomer: Vomer anterior
- Synostosis vomerina
- Vomer posterior (Wing)
- Lacrimal: Posterior lacrimal crest
- Lacrimal groove
- Lacrimal hamulus
|
|
|
|
anat (c/f/k/f, u, t/p, l)/phys/devp/cell
|
noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
|
|
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Craniometaphyseal dysplasia with obvious biochemical abnormality and rickets-like features.
- Wu B1, Jiang Y1, Wang O1, Li M1, Xing XP1, Xia WB2.
- Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.Clin Chim Acta.2016 May 1;456:122-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.01.021. Epub 2016 Jan 25.
- BACKGROUND: Craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD) is a rare genetic disorder that is characterized by progressive sclerosis of the craniofacial bones and metaphyseal widening of long bones, and biochemical indexes were mostly normal. To further the understanding of the disease from a biochemical perspec
- PMID 26820766
- Impact of trauma and surgical treatment on the quality of life of patients with facial fractures.
- Conforte JJ1, Alves CP1, Sánchez Md1, Ponzoni D2.
- International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery.Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg.2016 May;45(5):575-81. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.11.022. Epub 2015 Dec 24.
- This study assessed the impact of oral and maxillofacial trauma and surgical treatment on the quality of life of patients. The study included 66 patients (age range 18-65 years) with facial fractures; 33 required surgical treatment and 33 required conservative (non-surgical) treatment. Quality of li
- PMID 26723500
- Radiological and clinical difficulties in the management of chronic maxillary sinusitis in β Thalassemic paediatric patients.
- Di Mauro R1, Greco L2, Melis M2, Manenti G2, Floris R2, Giacomini PG3, Di Girolamo M4, Di Girolamo S3.
- International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology.Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol.2016 May;84:75-80. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.02.033. Epub 2016 Mar 5.
- INTRODUCTION: Beta thalassemia is a blood dyscrasia that caused a marked expansion of active marrow spaces and extramedullary haematopoiesis results. In these patients various alterations and abnormalities affects different body areas, including increased risk of sinusitis. The marrow expansion in t
- PMID 27063757
Japanese Journal
- 高田 佳之,小林 正治,小野 由起子,泉 直也,齊藤 力
- TMJ : journal of Japanese Society for Temporomandibular Joint = 日本顎関節学会雑誌 24(1), 28-33, 2012-04-20
- 全身麻酔下に整復術を施行した陳旧性両側顎関節脱臼の1例を報告する。患者は初診時年齢55歳の女性で，家人が顔貌の変化に気が付くも訴えがないため診察は受けなかった。10か月後に近医歯科を受診した際，顎関節脱臼を指摘され紹介元の某総合病院歯科を受診した。同院で徒手整復を試みるも整復できず，新潟大学医歯学総合病院口腔外科を紹介により受診した。両側顎関節部に対して，局所麻酔下に徒手整復を試みるも下顎頭は下顎 …
- NAID 10030625048
- Long-Term Outcome of Fibrous Dysplasia : Reconstruction With Dysplastic Bone : Case Report
- SAKAMOTO Yoshiaki,NAKAJIMA Hideo,TAMADA Ikkei,KISHI Kazuo,KAWASE Takeshi
- Neurologia medico-chirurgica = 神経外科 51(12), 857-860, 2011-12-15
- … A 10-year-old girl presented with facial asymmetry associated with bulging of the right fronto-orbital region with no symptoms. … Computed tomography demonstrated enlargement of the right zygomatic, frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones. …
- NAID 10030030833
- 栃原岩陰遺跡(長野県南佐久郡北相木村)出土の縄文時代早期人骨 : 縄文時代早期人骨の再検討
- 香原 志勢,茂原 信生,西沢 寿晃,藤田 敬,大谷 江里,馬場 悠男
- Anthropological science. Japanese series : journal of the Anthropological Society of Nippon : 人類學雜誌 119(2), 91-124, 2011-12-01
- 長野県南佐久郡北相木村の縄文時代早期の地層（8300から8600 BP（未較正））から，12体の人骨（男性4体，女性4体の成人8体，および性別不明の幼児4体）が，1965年から1968年にかけての信州大学医学部解剖学教室を中心とする発掘で出土した。数少ない縄文時代早期人骨として貴重なもので，今回の研究は，これらの人骨の形態を報告し，従来明らかにされている縄文時代早期人骨の特徴を再検討するものである …
- NAID 10030340521
Related Links
- ... facial expression, breathing, and speech. The primary bones of the face are the mandible, maxilla, frontal bone, nasal bones, and zygoma. Facial bone anatomy is complex, yet elegant, in its suitability to serve a multitude of ...
- Facial bones - organ included in Skeletal System. ... ZYGOMATIC BONE The zygomatic bones are commonly called the cheekbones, and they are responsible for forming the lateral contour of the facial structure.
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- facial bones
- ラ
- ossa faciei
- 関
- 顔面
[★]
- 関
- face
[★]
骨