後索
WordNet
- anything that approximates the shape of a column or tower; "the test tube held a column of white powder"; "a tower of dust rose above the horizon"; "a thin pillar of smoke betrayed their campsite" (同)tower, pillar
- a vertical glass tube used in column chromatography; a mixture is poured in the top and washed through a stationary substance where components of the mixture are adsorbed selectively to form colored bands (同)chromatography column
- (architecture) a tall vertical cylindrical structure standing upright and used to support a structure (同)pillar
- a vertical cylindrical structure standing alone and not supporting anything (such as a monument) (同)pillar
- an article giving opinions or perspectives (同)editorial, newspaper column
- a line of units following one after another
- a page or text that is vertically divided; "the newspaper devoted several columns to the subject"; "the bookkeeper used pages that were divided into columns"
- a vertical array of numbers or other information; "he added a column of numbers"
- any tubular or pillar-like supporting structure in the body
- belonging to or on or near the back or upper surface of an animal or organ or part; "the dorsal fin is the vertical fin on the back of a fish and certain marine mammals"
- having or resembling columns; having columns of a specified kind (often used as a combining form); "a columned portico"; "trees with columned trunks"; "white-columned houses"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (柱頭・台座のついた)『円柱』 / (…の)『円柱状の物』,柱《+『of』+『名』》 / (新聞などの)『欄』,段;(積み重ねた数字の)縦行;(印刷の)縦段 / コラム(署名した筆者による定期的寄稿欄) / (軍隊の)縦隊;(艦船・飛行機などの)縦列
- (植物の)背部の,背の
- 円柱のある
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/29 13:24:25」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Posterior column |
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Cross-section of the spinal cord
(posterior column is labeled as dorsal column)
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The posterior column is made up of the gracile fasciculus and cuneate fasciculus
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| Anatomical terminology |
The posterior column (dorsal column) refers to the area of white matter in the middle to posterior side of the spinal cord. It is made up of the gracile fasciculus and the cuneate fasciculus and itself is part of the posterior funiculus. It is part of an ascending pathway that is important for well-localized fine touch and conscious proprioception called the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway.[1]
Joint capsules, tactile and pressure receptors send a signal through the posterior root ganglia up through the gracile fasciculus for lower body sensory impulses and the cuneate fasciculus for upper body impulses. Once the gracile fasciculus reaches the gracile nucleus, and the cuneate fasciculus reaches the cuneate nucleus in the lower medulla oblongata, they begin to cross over as the internal arcuate fibers. Upon reaching the opposite side, they become the medial lemniscus, which is the second part of the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway.
Lesions in this pathway can diminish or completely abolish tactile sensations and movement or position sense below the lesion.
References
- ^ Luria, V; Laufer, E (Jul 2, 2007). "Lateral motor column axons execute a ternary trajectory choice between limb and body tissues.". Neural development 2: 13. doi:10.1186/1749-8104-2-13. PMID 17605791.
- "The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord" (PDF). Napa Valley College / Southeast Community College Lincoln, Nebraska. Retrieved 19 May 2013.
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The spinal cord
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| General features |
- Cervical enlargement
- Lumbar enlargement
- Conus medullaris
- Filum terminale
- Cauda equina
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| Grey matter |
| Posterior grey column |
- Marginal nucleus
- Substantia gelatinosa of Rolando
- Nucleus proprius
- Spinal lamina V
- Spinal lamina VI
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| Lateral grey column |
- Intermediolateral nucleus
- Posterior thoracic nucleus
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| Anterior grey column |
- Interneuron
- Alpha motor neuron
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| Other |
- Rexed laminae
- Central gelatinous substance
- Gray commissure
- Central canal
- Terminal ventricle
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| White matter |
| Sensory |
| Posterior |
- Posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway:
- Gracile
- Cuneate
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| Lateral: |
- Spinocerebellar
- Spinothalamic
- Posterolateral
- Spinotectal
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- Spinoreticular tract
- Spino-olivary tract
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| Motor |
| Lateral |
- Corticospinal
- Extrapyramidal
- Rubrospinal
- Olivospinal
- Raphespinal
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| Anterior |
- Corticospinal
- Extrapyramidal
- Vestibulospinal
- Reticulospinal
- Tectospinal
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| Both |
- Anterior white commissure
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| External features |
- Ventral
- Anterior median fissure
- Anterolateral sulcus
- Dorsal
- Posterior median sulcus
- Posterolateral sulcus
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Index of the central nervous system
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| Description |
- Anatomy
- meninges
- cortex
- association fibers
- commissural fibers
- lateral ventricles
- basal ganglia
- diencephalon
- mesencephalon
- pons
- cerebellum
- medulla
- spinal cord
- Physiology
- Development
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| Disease |
- Cerebral palsy
- Meningitis
- Demyelinating diseases
- Seizures and epilepsy
- Headache
- Stroke
- Sleep
- Congenital
- Injury
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
- head and neck
- eponymous
- lesions
- Tests
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| Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- general anesthetics
- analgesics
- addiction
- epilepsy
- cholinergics
- migraine
- Parkinson's
- vertigo
- other
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Brain and spinal cord: neural tracts and fasciculi
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Sensory/
ascending |
| PCML |
| 1°: |
- Pacinian corpuscle/Meissner's corpuscle → Posterior column (Gracile fasciculus/Cuneate fasciculus) → Gracile nucleus/Cuneate nucleus
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| 2°: |
- → sensory decussation/arcuate fibers (Posterior external arcuate fibers, Internal arcuate fibers) → Medial lemniscus/Trigeminal lemniscus → Thalamus (VPL, VPM)
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| 3°: |
- → Posterior limb of internal capsule → Postcentral gyrus
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Anterolateral/
pain |
| Fast/lateral |
- 1° (Free nerve ending → A delta fiber) → 2° (Anterior white commissure → Lateral and Anterior Spinothalamic tract → Spinal lemniscus → VPL of Thalamus) → 3° (Postcentral gyrus) → 4° (Posterior parietal cortex)
2° (Spinomesencephalic tract → Superior colliculus of Midbrain tectum)
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| Slow/medial |
- 1° (Group C nerve fiber → Spinoreticular tract → Reticular formation) → 2° (MD of Thalamus) → 3° (Cingulate cortex)
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Motor/
descending |
| Pyramidal |
- flexion: Primary motor cortex → Posterior limb of internal capsule → Decussation of pyramids → Corticospinal tract (Lateral, Anterior) → Neuromuscular junction
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| Extrapyramidal |
| flexion: |
- Primary motor cortex → Genu of internal capsule → Corticobulbar tract → Facial motor nucleus → Facial muscles
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| flexion: |
- Red nucleus → Rubrospinal tract
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| extension: |
- Vestibulocerebellum → Vestibular nuclei → Vestibulospinal tract
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| extension: |
- Vestibulocerebellum → Reticular formation → Reticulospinal tract
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- Midbrain tectum → Tectospinal tract → muscles of neck
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| Basal ganglia |
| direct: |
1° (Motor cortex → Striatum) → 2° (GPi) → 3° (Lenticular fasciculus/Ansa lenticularis → Thalamic fasciculus → VL of Thalamus) → 4° (Thalamocortical radiations → Supplementary motor area) → 5° (Motor cortex)
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| indirect: |
1° (Motor cortex → Striatum) → 2° (GPe) → 3° (Subthalamic fasciculus → Subthalamic nucleus) → 4° (Subthalamic fasciculus → GPi) → 5° (Lenticular fasciculus/Ansa lenticularis → Thalamic fasciculus → VL of Thalamus) → 6° (Thalamocortical radiations → Supplementary motor area) → 7° (Motor cortex)
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| nigrostriatal pathway: |
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| Cerebellar |
| Afferent |
- Vestibular nuclei → Vestibulocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellum → Granule cell
- Pontine nuclei → Pontocerebellar fibers → MCP → Deep cerebellar nuclei → Granule cell
- Inferior olivary nucleus → Olivocerebellar tract → ICP → Hemisphere → Purkinje cell → Deep cerebellar nuclei
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| Efferent |
- Dentate nucleus in Lateral hemisphere/pontocerebellum → SCP → Dentatothalamic tract → Thalamus (VL) → Motor cortex
- Interposed nucleus in Intermediate hemisphere/spinocerebellum → SCP → Reticular formation, or → Cerebellothalamic tract → Red nucleus → Thalamus (VL) → Motor cortex
- Fastigial nucleus in Flocculonodular lobe/vestibulocerebellum → Vestibulocerebellar tract → Vestibular nuclei
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Bidirectional:
Spinocerebellar |
Unconscious
proprioception |
- lower limb → 1° (muscle spindles → DRG) → 2° (Posterior thoracic nucleus → Dorsal/posterior spinocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellar vermis)
- upper limb → 1° (muscle spindles → DRG) → 2° (Accessory cuneate nucleus → Cuneocerebellar tract → ICP → Anterior lobe of cerebellum)
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| Reflex arc |
- lower limb → 1° (Golgi tendon organ) → 2° (Ventral/anterior spinocerebellar tract→ SCP → Cerebellar vermis)
- upper limb → 1° (Golgi tendon organ) → 2° (Rostral spinocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellum)
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Index of the central nervous system
|
|
| Description |
- Anatomy
- meninges
- cortex
- association fibers
- commissural fibers
- lateral ventricles
- basal ganglia
- diencephalon
- mesencephalon
- pons
- cerebellum
- medulla
- spinal cord
- Physiology
- Development
|
|
| Disease |
- Cerebral palsy
- Meningitis
- Demyelinating diseases
- Seizures and epilepsy
- Headache
- Stroke
- Sleep
- Congenital
- Injury
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
- head and neck
- eponymous
- lesions
- Tests
|
|
| Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- general anesthetics
- analgesics
- addiction
- epilepsy
- cholinergics
- migraine
- Parkinson's
- vertigo
- other
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Experience with examination of the spinal cord and peripheral nervous system (PNS) in mice: A brief overview.
- Krinke GJ1, Herrmann A2, Körner A3, Landes C2, Sauner F2.
- Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie.Exp Toxicol Pathol.2014 Sep;66(7):277-280. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.04.005. Epub 2014 May 24.
- The representative areas for examination of the mouse peripheral nervous system are the spinal cord, containing central components of the peripheral nervous system that needs to be examined at least at cervical and lumbar level, the sciatic and the tibial nerve. Skeletal muscle samples should includ
- PMID 24867273
- Experimental measurement of utricle system dynamic response to inertial stimulus.
- Dunlap MD1, Grant JW.
- Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO.J Assoc Res Otolaryngol.2014 Aug;15(4):511-28. doi: 10.1007/s10162-014-0456-x. Epub 2014 May 21.
- The membranous utricle sac of the red-eared turtle was mounted in a piezoelectric actuated platform mounted on the stage of a light microscope. The piezoelectric actuator oscillated the base of the neuroepithelium along a linear axis. Displacements were in the plane of the utricle and consisted of a
- PMID 24845403
- Fasudil reduces GFAP expression after hypoxic injury.
- Kesherwani V1, Tarang S2, Barnes R1, Agrawal SK3.
- Neuroscience letters.Neurosci Lett.2014 Jul 25;576C:45-50. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.05.053. Epub 2014 Jun 4.
- Fasudil (HA-1077), a specific Rho kinase II (ROCKII) inhibitor, is in clinical trials for recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI). The primary role of Fasudil is in axonal regeneration, as it inhibits ROCKII, the key signaling molecule involved in collapse of axon growth cone. Astrogliosis, due to th
- PMID 24905175
Japanese Journal
- 新井 大輔,花北 順哉,高橋 敏行,渡邊 水樹,富永 貴志,河岡 大悟,堀川 恭平
- Japanese Journal of Neurosurgery 23(2), 128-135, 2014
- 正中型ヘルニア, 特に正中型巨大ヘルニアに対して通常のLove法では摘出に難渋することがある. 今回われわれが過去7年間に経験した正中型巨大ヘルニア症例を対象に, 選択した術式の優劣について検討を行った. 今回のシリーズで椎間板ヘルニア摘出に際して採用したアプローチとしては片側部分椎弓切除によるアプローチを行ったもの5例, 両側椎弓切除によるアプローチを行ったもの5例, 一側の椎間関節切除を行 …
- NAID 130003397693
- 小山 なつ
- 自律神経 = The Autonomic nervous system 49(2), 83-85, 2012-06-15
- NAID 10030800154
- Growth of the Medaka (I) – Formation of Vertebrae, Changes in Blood Circulation, and Changes in Digestive Organs
- Iwamatsu Takashi
- 愛知教育大学研究報告. 自然科学編 61, 55-63, 2012-03-01
- … Constrictions appear in the notochords of larvae prior to formation of the vertebral column. … The ventral vein beneath the cardinal aorta fragments and degenerates during the transition of larvae to juveniles, and is replaced by the dorsal vein. … The formation of the dorsal vein completes beneath the cardinal aorta in larvae about 7.0 mm TL. …
- NAID 80022539284
Related Links
- Researchers at Duke University Medical Centre have developed a prosthetic device, which applies electrical stimulation to the dorsal column in the spinal cord, the main sensory pathway carrying tactile information from the body to ...
- dorsal column See posterior horn. dorsal column The triangular (in cross-section) sector of white matter demarcated by the dorsal midline (the dorsal median sulcus) and the dorsal horn on each side of the spinal cord. The dorsal ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- posterior column, dorsal column, posterior funiculus, dorsal funiculus
- ラ
- funiculus posterior, funiculus dorsalis
- 同
- 後柱、脊髄後柱 ←後索が一般的
- 関
- dorsal cord、posterior column、楔状束
臨床関連
[★]
- 英
- posterior column
- 同
- dorsal column？
- 関
- 後角
[★]
- 英
- dorsal column
- 関
- 後索、後柱
[★]
- 関
- dorsally、dorsum、notal
[★]