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an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus (同)reflex response, reflex action, instinctive reflex, innate reflex, inborn reflex, unconditioned_reflex, physiological reaction
(of leaves) bent downward and outward more than 90 degrees

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反射(刺激に対する無意識の反応) / 《複数形で》反射的な動き / (光などの)反射,反射光;映像 / 反射性の / (カメラが)レフ鋼の,反射型の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/23 21:40:40」(JST)

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Area A (in orange) represents the area of sensory fibers controlled by the genitofemoral nerve; area B (in green) represents that controlled by the ilioinguinal nerve; arrow C (in red with blue outline) shows the direction and location where the skin must be stroked to elicit this reflex.

The cremasteric reflex is a superficial (i.e., close to the skin's surface) reflex observed in human males.

This reflex is elicited by lightly stroking or poking the superior and medial (inner) part of the thigh - regardless of the direction of stroke.^[1] The normal response is an immediate contraction of the cremaster muscle that pulls up the ipsilateral testis.

More specifically, the reflex utilizes sensory and motor fibers of the genitofemoral nerve, formed by fibers from both the L1 and L2 spinal nerves. When the inner thigh is stroked, sensory fibers of the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve and the ilioinguinal nerve are stimulated. These synapse in the spinal cord and activate the motor fibers of the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve which causes the cremaster muscle to contract and elevate the testis. ^[2] ^:262

In boys, this reflex may be exaggerated which can occasionally lead to a misdiagnosis of cryptorchidism.

The cremasteric reflex may be absent with testicular torsion, upper and lower motor neuron disorders, as well as a spine injury of L1-L2. It can also occur if the ilioinguinal nerve has accidentally been cut during a hernia repair.

The cremasteric reflex can be helpful in recognizing testicular emergencies. The presence of the cremasteric reflex does not eliminate testicular torsion from a differential diagnosis, but it does broaden the possibilities to include epididymitis or other causes of scrotal and testicular pain. In any event, if testicular torsion cannot be definitively eliminated in an expeditious manner, a testicular Doppler ultrasound or exploratory surgical intervention is usually implemented to prevent possible loss of the testicle to necrosis.

References

^ "Definition: cremasteric reflex from Online Medical Dictionary". Retrieved 2007-12-06. ^{[dead link]}
^ Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Tibbitts, Adam W.M. Mitchell; illustrations by Richard; Richardson, Paul (2005). Gray's anatomy for students (Pbk. ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 978-0-443-06612-2.

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1. 小児および思春期における陰嚢痛または腫脹の評価 evaluation of scrotal pain or swelling in children and adolescents
2. 成人における急性陰嚢症の評価 evaluation of the acute scrotum in adults
3. 小児および思春期における陰嚢痛の原因 causes of scrotal pain in children and adolescents
4. 男性性機能不全の評価 evaluation of male sexual dysfunction
5. 小児における停留精巣：臨床的特徴および評価 undescended testes cryptorchidism in children clinical features and evaluation

English Journal

Testicular torsion and weather conditions: analysis of 21,289 cases in Brazil.

Korkes F, Cabral PR, Alves CD, Savioli ML, Pompeo AC.SourceDivision of Urology, ABC Medical School.
International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology.Int Braz J Urol.2012 Mar;38(2):222-9.
Purpose: The hypothesis of association between testicular torsion and hyperactive cremasteric reflex, worsened by cold weather, has not been proved. Thirteen studies in the literature evaluated this issue, with inconclusive results. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the seasonality of tes
PMID 22555045

Clinical predictors of testicular torsion in children.

Boettcher M, Bergholz R, Krebs TF, Wenke K, Aronson DC.SourceDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Hamburg University UKE-Medical School, University Children's Hospital Altona, Hamburg, Germany. michboettcher@gmail.com
Urology.Urology.2012 Mar;79(3):670-4.
OBJECTIVE: To distinguish the prognostic factors that decrease the probability of a negative exploration for "acute scrotum." In some institutes, patients with "acute scrotum" undergo immediate exploration after clinical evaluation. Because testicular torsion (TT) accounts only for a fraction of the
PMID 22386422

Japanese Journal

泌尿器科領域の神経系検査 (泌尿器科検査のここがポイント) -- (身体診察)

市野みどり,井川靖彦
臨床泌尿器科 64(4), 49-52, 2010-04
NAID 40017066139

Habituation and excitability changes in electrically evoked cremasteric reflex

Sugiyama Takahide,Ohnishi Norio,Umekawa Touru,Kurita Takashi
Acta medica Kinki University 28(1), 9-17, 2003-07
… Ipsilateral cremasteric reflex was evoked electrically by stimulations of the ventromedial aspect of the thigh and the ventral surface of the thigh about 5 cm above the knee. … The latter area is innervated by the L4 and L5 spinal segments, which does not coincide with the area of the classical cremasteric reflex. …
NAID 110004101293

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「挙睾筋反射」
関連記事	「reflex」

「挙睾筋反射」

　　[★]

英: cremasteric reflex, cremaster reflex (M)
同: 挙睾反射、精巣挙筋反射、精巣挙反射
関: 精巣挙筋、腸骨鼡径神経、インポテンス、陰嚢反射、表在反射

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挙睾筋反射 : 約 9,300 件
挙睾反射 : 約 33 件
精巣挙筋反射 : 約 54 件
精巣挙反射 : 4 件

大腿上部内側の皮膚をなでると同側の精巣が急に挙上する
小児でよく見られる
腸骨鼡径神経が関与
錐体路障害で消失

「reflex」

　　[★]

n.

反射

関: reflect、reflection、reflective

[titleDefinition:_cremasteric_reflex_from_Online_Medical_Dictionary-1] "Definition: cremasteric reflex from Online Medical Dictionary". Retrieved 2007-12-06. ^{[dead link]}

[GRAYS2005-2] Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Tibbitts, Adam W.M. Mitchell; illustrations by Richard; Richardson, Paul (2005). Gray's anatomy for students (Pbk. ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 978-0-443-06612-2.

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cremasteric reflex