cremaster reflex

挙睾筋反射

WordNet

1. an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus (同)reflex response, reflex action, instinctive reflex, innate reflex, inborn reflex, unconditioned_reflex, physiological reaction
2. (of leaves) bent downward and outward more than 90 degrees

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 反射(刺激に対する無意識の反応) / 《複数形で》反射的な動き / (光などの)反射,反射光;映像 / 反射性の / (カメラが)レフ鋼の,反射型の

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/11/13 21:45:05」(JST)

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Area A (in orange) represents the area of sensory fibers controlled by the genitofemoral nerve; area B (in green) represents that controlled by the ilioinguinal nerve; arrow C (in red with blue outline) shows the direction and location where the skin must be stroked to elicit this reflex.

The cremasteric reflex is a superficial (i.e., close to the skin's surface) reflex observed in human males.

This reflex is elicited by lightly stroking the superior and medial (inner) part of the thigh regardless of the direction of stroke. The normal response is an immediate contraction of the cremaster muscle that pulls up the testis on the side stroked (and only on that side).

More specifically, the reflex utilizes sensory and motor fibers of the genitofemoral nerve, formed by fibers from both the L1 and L2 spinal nerves. When the inner thigh is stroked, sensory fibers of the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve and the ilioinguinal nerve are stimulated. These synapse in the spinal cord and activate the motor fibers of the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve which causes the cremaster muscle to contract and elevate the testis (see diagram for location of these nerve regions and location of stimulating stroke).

In boys, this reflex may be exaggerated which can occasionally lead to a misdiagnosis of cryptorchidism.

The cremasteric reflex may be absent with testicular torsion, upper and lower motor neuron disorders, as well as a spine injury of L1-L2. It can also occur if the ilioinguinal nerve has accidentally been cut during a hernia repair.

The cremasteric reflex can be helpful in recognizing testicular emergencies. The presence of the cremasteric reflex does not eliminate testicular torsion from a differential diagnosis, but it does broaden the possibilities to include epididymitis or other causes of scrotal and testicular pain. In any event, if testicular torsion cannot be definitively eliminated in an expeditious manner, a testicular Doppler ultrasound or exploratory surgical intervention is usually implemented to prevent possible loss of the testicle to necrosis.

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 小児および思春期における陰嚢痛または腫脹の評価 evaluation of scrotal pain or swelling in children and adolescents
• 2. 成人における急性陰嚢症の評価 evaluation of the acute scrotum in adults
• 3. 幼児および小児における精密な神経学的評価 detailed neurologic assessment of infants and children
• 4. 眼の待機手術に対する麻酔 anesthesia for elective eye surgery
• 5. Arrhythmias during anesthesia

English Journal

• Intravital microscopic evaluation of cremasteric microcirculation in experimental testicular torsion.

• Boybeyi Ö1, Yazici İ, Ünlü G, Aslan MK, Soyer T.
• Journal of pediatric urology.J Pediatr Urol.2013 Dec;9(6 Pt A):940-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2013.01.005. Epub 2013 Jan 29.
• AIM: Although absent cremasteric reflex is a significant clinical finding for testicular torsion (TT), there is limited information about microcirculation of the cremasteric muscle (CM) after TT. This experimental study was performed to evaluate CM microcirculation by intravital microscopy after TT.
• PMID 23375616

• Cremaster muscle motor unit action potentials.

• Ozdemirkiran T1, Ertekin C.
• Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.Clin Neurophysiol.2011 Aug;122(8):1679-85. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2010.12.057. Epub 2011 Feb 15.
• OBJECTIVE: Motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) of human striated cremaster muscle (CM) have not been analysed previously, so we examined the MUAPs of the CM, to learn more about the physiology of this unusual striated muscle that works mostly without voluntary control.METHODS: MUAPs of human CM wer
• PMID 21324736

• History and physical examination findings predictive of testicular torsion: an attempt to promote clinical diagnosis by house staff.

• Srinivasan A1, Cinman N, Feber KM, Gitlin J, Palmer LS.
• Journal of pediatric urology.J Pediatr Urol.2011 Aug;7(4):470-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2010.12.010. Epub 2011 Mar 30.
• OBJECTIVE: To standardize the history and physical examination of boys who present with acute scrotum and identify parameters that best predict testicular torsion.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over a 5-month period, a standardized history and physical examination form with 22 items was used for all boys pr
• PMID 21454130

Japanese Journal

• 医原性停留精巣(Iatrogenic cryptorchidism)の検討

• 日本小児外科学会雑誌 40(5), 645-649, 2004-08-20
• NAID 110002093535

• Experimental study on the regulation of testicular function by the cremaster reflex in rats

• Tohoku J Exp Med 150, 175-180, 1986
• NAID 80003184954

• Experimental study on the regulation of testicular function by the cremaster reflex in rats.

• The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 150(2), 175-180, 1986
• NAID 130003493768

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「挙睾筋反射」
関連記事	「reflex」

「挙睾筋反射」

　　[★]

英

cremasteric reflex, cremaster reflex (M)

同

挙睾反射、精巣挙筋反射、精巣挙反射

関

精巣挙筋、腸骨鼡径神経、インポテンス、陰嚢反射、表在反射

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挙睾筋反射 : 約 9,300 件
挙睾反射 : 約 33 件
精巣挙筋反射 : 約 54 件
精巣挙反射 : 4 件

• 大腿上部内側の皮膚をなでると同側の精巣が急に挙上する
• 小児でよく見られる
• 腸骨鼡径神経が関与
• 錐体路障害で消失

「reflex」

　　[★]

• n.

• 反射

関

reflect、reflection、reflective