WordNet

characteristic life processes and phenomena of living organisms; "the biology of viruses"
the science that studies living organisms (同)biological_science
of or involving computation or computers; "computational linguistics"

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『生物学』
計算;〈C〉(その結果出た)算定額

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/01/15 21:39:25」(JST)

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Computational biology involves the development and application of data-analytical and theoretical methods, mathematical modeling and computational simulation techniques to the study of biological, behavioral, and social systems.^[1] The field is broadly defined and includes foundations in computer science, applied mathematics, statistics, biochemistry, chemistry, biophysics, molecular biology, genetics, ecology, evolution, anatomy, neuroscience, and visualization.^[2]

Subfields

Computational biomodeling

Main article: Modelling biological systems

Computational biomodeling, a field concerned with building computer models of biological systems.

Computational genomics

Main article: Computational genomics

Computational genomics, a field within genomics which studies the genomes of cells and organisms. High-throughput genome sequencing produces lots of data, which requires extensive post-processing (sequence assembly) and uses DNA microarray technologies to perform statistical analyses on the genes expressed in individual cell types. This can help find genes of interest for certain diseases or conditions. This field also studies the mathematical foundations of sequencing. Advances in many areas of genomics research are heavily rooted in engineering technology, from the capillary electrophoresis units used in large-scale DNA sequencing projects.

Computational neuroscience

Main article: Computational neuroscience

Computational neuroscience is the study of brain function in terms of the information processing properties of the structures that make up the nervous system.

Conferences

There are several large conferences that are concerned with computational biology. Some notable examples are Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology (ISMB), European Conference on Computational Biology (ECCB) and Research in Computational Molecular Biology (RECOMB).

Journals

Main article: List of bioinformatics journals

There are numerous journals dedicated to computational biology. Some notable examples include Journal of Computational Biology and PLoS Computational Biology.

Related fields

Computational biology, bioinformatics and mathematical biology are all interdisciplinary approaches to the life sciences that draw from quantitative disciplines such as mathematics and information science. The NIH describes computational/mathematical biology as the use of computational/mathematical approaches to address theoretical and experimental questions in biology and, by contrast, bioinformatics as the application of information science to understand complex life-sciences data.^[1]

Specifically, the NIH defines

Computational biology: The development and application of data-analytical and theoretical methods, mathematical modeling and computational simulation techniques to the study of biological, behavioral, and social systems.^[1]

Bioinformatics: Research, development, or application of computational tools and approaches for expanding the use of biological, medical, behavioral or health data, including those to acquire, store, organize, archive, analyze, or visualize such data.^[1]

While all three fields are distinct, there is necessarily significant overlap at their interface.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "NIH working definition of bioinformatics and computational biology". Biomedical Information Science and Technology Initiative. 17 July 2000. http://www.bisti.nih.gov/docs/compubiodef.pdf. Retrieved 18 August 2012.
^ "About the CCMB". Center for Computational Molecular Biology. http://www.brown.edu/research/projects/computational-molecular-biology/. Retrieved 18 August 2012.

External links

bioinformatics.org

UpToDate Contents

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1. 分子遺伝学の原理 principles of molecular genetics
2. 急性前骨髄球性白血病の分子生物学 molecular biology of acute promyelocytic leukemia
3. 黒色腫（メラノーマ）の分子生物学 the molecular biology of melanoma
4. プリオンの生物学および遺伝学 biology and genetics of prions
5. 慢性リンパ性白血病の病態生理および遺伝学的特徴 pathophysiology and genetic features of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

English Journal

Experimental and theoretical binding affinity between polyvinylpolypyrrolidone and selected phenolic compounds from food matrices.

Durán-Lara EF1, López-Cortés XA1, Castro RI1, Avila-Salas F1, González-Nilo FD2, Laurie VF3, Santos LS4.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2015 Feb 1;168:464-70. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.048. Epub 2014 Jul 14.
Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) is a fining agent, widely used in winemaking and brewing, whose mode of action in removing phenolic compounds has not been fully characterised. The aim of this study was to evaluate the experimental and theoretical binding affinity of PVPP towards six phenolic compoun
PMID 25172736

Genome-wide and single-cell analyses reveal a context dependent relationship between CBP recruitment and gene expression.

Kasper LH1, Qu C2, Obenauer JC2, McGoldrick DJ2, Brindle PK3.
Nucleic acids research.Nucleic Acids Res.2015 Feb 1;42(18):11363-82. doi: 10.1093/nar/gku827. Epub 2014 Sep 23.
Genome-wide distribution of histone H3K18 and H3K27 acetyltransferases, CBP (CREBBP) and p300 (EP300), is used to map enhancers and promoters, but whether these elements functionally require CBP/p300 remains largely uncertain. Here we compared global CBP recruitment with gene expression in wild-type
PMID 25249627

Unraveling the sequence-dependent polymorphic behavior of d(CpG) steps in B-DNA.

Dans PD1, Faustino I1, Battistini F1, Zakrzewska K2, Lavery R2, Orozco M3.
Nucleic acids research.Nucleic Acids Res.2015 Feb 1;42(18):11304-20. doi: 10.1093/nar/gku809. Epub 2014 Sep 15.
We have made a detailed study of one of the most surprising sources of polymorphism in B-DNA: the high twist/low twist (HT/LT) conformational change in the d(CpG) base pair step. Using extensive computations, complemented with database analysis, we were able to characterize the twist polymorphism in
PMID 25223784

Japanese Journal

Oscillation of cAMP and Ca²⁺ in cardiac myocytes : a systems biology approach

Kamide Takehisa,Okumura Satoshi,Ghosh Samik [他]
The journal of physiological sciences 65(2), 195-200, 2015-03
NAID 40020385217

FTIR study of CPD photolyase with substrate in single strand DNA

, , , , , ,
BIOPHYSICS 11(0), 39-45, 2015
Photolyases (PHRs) utilize near UV/blue light to specifically repair the major photoproducts (PPs) of UV-induced damaged DNA. The cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD)-PHR binds flavin adenine dinucleoti …
NAID 130004940808

近畿大学生物理工学部システム生命科学科

Medical Imaging Technology 33(1), 30-32, 2015
NAID 130004876080

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「計算生物学」「computational molecular biology」「計算機生物学」
関連記事	「biology」「computation」「computational」