WordNet

impede the motion of, as with a chain or a burden; "horses were clogged until they were tamed"
coalesce or unite in a mass; "Blood clots" (同)clot
fill to excess so that function is impaired; "Fear clogged her mind"; "The story was clogged with too many details" (同)overload
footwear usually with wooden soles (同)geta, patten, sabot
any object that acts as a hindrance or obstruction
become or cause to become obstructed; "The leaves clog our drains in the Fall"; "The water pipe is backed up" (同)choke_off, clog up, back_up, congest, choke, foul
impede with a clog or as if with a clog; "The market is being clogged by these operations"; "My mind is constipated today" (同)constipate
dance a clog dance
become or cause to become unobstructed; "The chemical that we poured down the drain unclogged it"
a short poem descriptive of rural or pastoral life (同)bucolic, idyll, idyl
freed of obstructions; "an unclogged drain"
obstructed by ice; "ice-clogged rivers"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(…の)じゃま物,障割物《+『to』+『名』》 / 《複数形で》木(コルク)底の靴(サンダル) / …‘の'動きを妨げる / 〈管・道路など〉'を'ふさぐ,詰まらせる / 〈菅などが〉詰まる;〈油・泥などが〉固まって詰まる
…‘から'障害を除く,‘の'じゃまをなくす
田園詩,牧歌(対話形式の短詩)
centiliter[s]

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/01/03 22:34:38」(JST)

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1. 血液透析装置を用いたプラスマフェレーシス plasmapheresis with hemodialysis equipment
2. インフルエンザに対する抗ウイルス剤の薬理学 pharmacology of antiviral drugs for influenza
3. 糸球体足細胞のバイオロジー biology of glomerular podocytes
4. 外傷性前房出血：マネージメント traumatic hyphema management
5. 婦人科外科手術の術前評価および準備の概要 overview of preoperative evaluation and preparation for gynecologic surgery

English Journal

Anti-proliferative activity of 2,6-dichloro-9- or 7-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-9H- or 7H-purines against several human solid tumour cell lines.

Morales F1, Ramírez A2, Conejo-García A1, Morata C3, Marchal JA3, Campos JM4.Author information 1Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.2Instituto de Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa (IBIMER), Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Avenida de Madrid s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales y de la Salud, Paraje de las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.3Instituto de Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa (IBIMER), Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Avenida de Madrid s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.4Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain. Electronic address: jmcampos@ugr.es.AbstractAs leads we took several benzo-fused seven- and six-membered scaffolds linked to the pyrimidine or purine moieties with notable anti-proliferative activity against human breast, colon and melanoma cancerous cell lines. We then decided to maintain the double-ringed nitrogenous bases and change the other components to the ethyl acetate moiety. This way six purine and two 5-fluorouracil derivatives were obtained and evaluated against the MCF-7, HCT-116, A-375 and G-361 cancer cell lines. Two QSARs are obtained between the anti-proliferative IC50 values for compounds 26-33 and the clog P against the melanoma cell lines A-375 and G-361. Our results show that two of the analogues [ethyl 2-(2,6-dichloro-9H- or 7H-purine-9- or 7-yl)acetates (30 and 33, respectively)] are potent cytotoxic agents against all the tumour cell lines assayed, showing single-digit micromolar IC50 values. This exemplifies the potential of our previously reported purine compounds to qualify as lead structures for medicinal chemistry campaigns, affording simplified analogues easy to synthesize and with a noteworthy bioactivity. The selective activity of 30 and 33 against the melanoma cell line A-375, via apoptosis, supposes a great advantage for a future therapeutic use.
European journal of medicinal chemistry.Eur J Med Chem.2014 Apr 9;76:118-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.02.012. Epub 2014 Feb 10.
As leads we took several benzo-fused seven- and six-membered scaffolds linked to the pyrimidine or purine moieties with notable anti-proliferative activity against human breast, colon and melanoma cancerous cell lines. We then decided to maintain the double-ringed nitrogenous bases and change the ot
PMID 24583351

Calculation procedures and HPLC method for analysis of the lipophilicity of acyclovir esters.

Lesniewska MA1, Gdaniec Z, Muszalska I.Author information 1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Poznan , Poland and.AbstractAbstract Acyclovir (ACV) belongs to a class of drugs with low bioavailability. Selected ACV esters including acetyl (Ac-), isobutyryl (iBut-), pivaloyl (Piv-), ethoxycarbonyl (Etc-) and nicotinoyl (Nic-) were synthesized, and their lipophilicity was determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) RP method. Statistical analyses of the comparative values of log P and clog P were carried out using computational methods. It was proved that the AC log P algorithm can be useful for the analysis of these compounds and has a statistically justified application in the assessment of the quantitative structure-activity relationship. Moreover, the lipophilicity determined by the HPLC method appears as follows: ACV < Ac- < Nic- < Etc- < iBut- < Piv-.
Drug development and industrial pharmacy.Drug Dev Ind Pharm.2014 Mar 3. [Epub ahead of print]
Abstract Acyclovir (ACV) belongs to a class of drugs with low bioavailability. Selected ACV esters including acetyl (Ac-), isobutyryl (iBut-), pivaloyl (Piv-), ethoxycarbonyl (Etc-) and nicotinoyl (Nic-) were synthesized, and their lipophilicity was determined by the high-performance liquid chromato
PMID 24580140

General practitioners' perspectives on campaigns to promote rapid help-seeking behaviour at the onset of rheumatoid arthritis.

Stack RJ1, Llewellyn Z, Deighton C, Kiely P, Mallen CD, Raza K.Author information 1Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust , Birmingham , UK.AbstractAbstract Objective. To explore general practitioners' (GPs') perspectives on public health campaigns to encourage people with the early symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to seek medical help rapidly. Design. Nineteen GPs participated in four semi-structured focus groups. Focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using thematic analysis. Results. GPs recognised the need for the early treatment of RA and identified that facilitating appropriate access to care was important. However, not all held the view that a delay in help seeking was a clinically significant issue. Furthermore, many were concerned that the early symptoms of RA were often non-specific, and that current knowledge about the nature of symptoms at disease onset was inadequate to inform the content of a help-seeking campaign. They argued that a campaign might not be able to specifically target those who need to present urgently. Poorly designed campaigns were suggested to have a negative impact on GPs' workloads, and would "clog up" the referral pathway for genuine cases of RA. Conclusions. GPs were supportive of strategies to improve access to Rheumatological care and increase public awareness of RA symptoms. However, they have identified important issues that need to be considered in developing a public health campaign that forms part of an overall strategy to reduce time to treatment for patients with new onset RA. This study highlights the value of gaining GPs' perspectives before launching health promotion campaigns.
Scandinavian journal of primary health care.Scand J Prim Health Care.2014 Mar;32(1):37-43. doi: 10.3109/02813432.2014.900239.
Abstract Objective. To explore general practitioners' (GPs') perspectives on public health campaigns to encourage people with the early symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to seek medical help rapidly. Design. Nineteen GPs participated in four semi-structured focus groups. Focus groups were audio-
PMID 24635577

Downstream processing of biopharmaceutical proteins produced in plants: The pros and cons of flocculants.

Buyel JF1, Fischer R2.Author information 1Institute for Molecular Biotechnology; Worringer Weg 1' RWTH Aachen University; Aachen, Germany.2Institute for Molecular Biotechnology; Worringer Weg 1' RWTH Aachen University; Aachen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology; Aachen, Germany.AbstractAll biological platforms for the manufacture of biopharmaceutical proteins produce an initially turbid extract that must be clarified to avoid fouling sensitive media such as chromatography resins. Clarification is more challenging if the feed stream contains large amounts of dispersed particles because these rapidly clog the filter media typically used to remove suspended solids. Charged polymers (flocculants) can increase the apparent size of the dispersed particles by aggregation, facilitating the separation of solids and liquids, and thus reducing process costs. However, many different factors can affect the behavior of flocculants, including the pH and conductivity of the medium, the size and charge distribution of the particulates, and the charge density and molecular mass of the polymer. Importantly, these properties can also affect the recovery of the target protein and the overall safety profile of the process. We therefore used a design of experiments approach to establish reliable predictive models that characterize the impact of flocculants during the downstream processing of biopharmaceutical proteins. We highlight strategies for the selection of flocculants during process optimization. These strategies will contribute to the quality by design aspects of process development and facilitate the development of safe and efficient downstream processes for plant-derived pharmaceutical proteins.
Bioengineered.Bioengineered.2014 Feb 3;5(2). [Epub ahead of print]
All biological platforms for the manufacture of biopharmaceutical proteins produce an initially turbid extract that must be clarified to avoid fouling sensitive media such as chromatography resins. Clarification is more challenging if the feed stream contains large amounts of dispersed particles bec
PMID 24637706

Japanese Journal

Liquid and Powder Motion in Packed Bed

KON Tatsuya,KIKUCHI Shin,UEDA Shigeru [他],INOUE Ryo
実験力学 14(Special_Issue), s237-s241, 2014
… The accumulation might clog the gas flow. …
NAID 130004687816

Effect of Powder–Liquid Interaction on Their Accumulation Behavior in Packed Bed

Kikuchi Shin,Ueda Shigeru,Kon Tatsuya,Inoue Ryo,Natsui Shungo,Nogami Hiroshi
ISIJ International 54(6), 1244-1250, 2014
… Excessive accumulation may clog the gas flow in the packed bed. …
NAID 130004466805

3-4-2 籾殻ガス化における廃食油及び炭化物を用いたタール低減に関する研究(3-04 ガス精製2,Session 3 バイオマス等)

小林真隆,中原祥太,PAETHANOM Anchan,吉川邦夫
日本エネルギー学会大会講演要旨集 (21), 90-91, 2012-07-30
… Tar causes plants to be breakdown because it is easy to condense and clog in pipes or engines. …
NAID 110009560713

繊維製品の撚りについて : 布ぞうりの鼻緒

筒井由紀子
福山市立女子短期大学紀要 39, 49-53, 2012
… I examined how to make the clog thong about cloth Japanese sandals, and how to fix a clog thong. … 1) About a clog thong twisting, the cloth Japanese sandals of little twist are better than straw Japanese sandals. … 2) It is easy to wear the clog thong which is a little soft and moreover does not become thick too much. …
NAID 110008802898

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