WordNet

a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group; occurs abundantly in natural compounds (especially in salt water); burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water; occurs in sea water and in the mineral halite (rock salt) (同)Na, atomic number 11
a parenteral cephalosporin (trade name Cefobid) used for severe infections (同)Cefobid

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ソジウム,ナトリウム(金属元素;化学記号はNa)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/26 21:00:12」(JST)

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Cefoperazone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, marketed by Pfizer under the name Cefobid by and also marketed by MUP Pharmaceuticals under the name Cefrone. It is one of few cephalosporin antibiotics effective in treating Pseudomonas bacterial infections which are otherwise resistant to these antibiotics.

Cefina-SB is a combination of sulbactam and cefoperazone. Cefoperazone exerts its bactericidal effect by inhibiting the bacterial cell wall synthesis, and sulbactam acts as a beta-lactamase inhibitor, to increase the antibacterial activity of cefoperazone against beta-lactamase-producing organisms. In some countries, the combination is sold as Sulperazone. Gepach International markets this combination of cefoperazone with sulbactam under the brand name Bacperazone.In India and SriLanka (Cefoperazone-Sulbactam) is manufacterd by Pfizer under the brand name of Magnex/Magnex-Forte depending on the Cefoperazone-Sulbactam ratio.

Spectrum of bacterial susceptibility

Cefoperazone has a broad spectrum of activity and has been used to target bacteria responsible for causing infections of the respiratory and urinary tract, skin, and the female genital tract. The following represents MIC susceptibility data for a few medically significant microorganisms.

Haemophilus influenzae: 0.12 - 0.25 µg/ml
Staphylococcus aureus: 0.125 - 32 µg/ml
Streptococcus pneumoniae: ≤0.007 - 1 µg/ml

^[1]^[2]

Adverse effects

Cefoperazone contains an N-methylthiotetrazole (NMTT or 1-MTT) side chain. As the antibiotic is broken down in the body, it releases free NMTT, which can cause hypoprothrombinemia (likely due to inhibition of the enzyme vitamin K epoxide reductase) and a reaction with ethanol similar to that produced by disulfiram (Antabuse), due to inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase.^[3]

References

^ http://antibiotics.toku-e.com/antimicrobial_462_1.html
^ http://www.toku-e.com/Assets/MIC/Cefoperazone%20sodium.pdf
^ Stork CM (2006). "Antibiotics, antifungals, and antivirals". In Nelson LH, Flomenbaum N, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RL, Howland MD, Lewin NA (eds.). Goldfrank's toxicologic emergencies. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 847. ISBN 0-07-143763-0. Retrieved 2009-07-03.

UpToDate Contents

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1. セフェム系 cephalosporins
2. 鼻疽の治療および予後 treatment and prognosis of melioidosis
3. 緑膿菌感染症に対する抗菌薬治療の原則 principles of antimicrobial therapy of pseudomonas aeruginosa infections
4. 水曝露後の軟部組織感染 soft tissue infections following water exposure
5. 眼、耳、尿路、胃腸管、および中枢神経系における緑膿菌感染症 pseudomonas aeruginosa infections of the eye ear urinary tract gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system

English Journal

Solid phase extraction using magnetic core mesoporous shell microspheres with C18-modified interior pore-walls for residue analysis of cephalosporins in milk by LC-MS/MS.

Liu X1, Yu Y1, Zhao M1, Zhang H2, Li Y3, Duan G1.Author information 1Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.2Department of Biology, Dezhou University, Shangdong 253023, PR China.3Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China. Electronic address: yanli@fudan.edu.cn.AbstractA fast and effective extraction method has been developed for measuring the residue of cephalosporins (cefalexin, cefazolin, cefoperazone) in milk by using magnetic core-mesoporous shell microspheres with C18-functionalized interior pore-walls (C18-Fe3O4@mSiO2) as adsorbent. With no need for any protein precipitation procedure, the cephalosporins were directly adsorbed onto the C18-Fe3O4@mSiO2 microspheres through hydrophobic interaction with C18-groups (Octadecyl functional groups) functionalized in the interior walls of mesopore channels while the abundant proteins in milk sample were excluded out of the channel due to the size exclusion effect. Thereafter, the cephalosporins-absorbed C18-Fe3O4@mSiO2 microspheres were rapidly isolated by placing a magnet, and followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis after eluted by methanol. Various parameters which could affect the extraction performance were optimised. The newly developed extraction method was successfully applied in determination of cephalosporin residues in milk samples, offering a valuable alternative to simplify and speed up the sample preparation step.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2014 May 1;150:206-12. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.10.145. Epub 2013 Nov 4.
A fast and effective extraction method has been developed for measuring the residue of cephalosporins (cefalexin, cefazolin, cefoperazone) in milk by using magnetic core-mesoporous shell microspheres with C18-functionalized interior pore-walls (C18-Fe3O4@mSiO2) as adsorbent. With no need for any pro
PMID 24360441

UV spectrophotometric simultaneous determination of cefoperazone and sulbactam in pharmaceutical formulations by derivative, Fourier and wavelet transforms.

Hoang VD1, Loan NT2, Tho VT2, Nguyen HM3.Author information 1Department of Analytical Chemistry and Toxicology, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam. Electronic address: hoangvd@hup.edu.vn.2Department of Analytical Chemistry and Toxicology, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam.3Center for Computational Science and Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Viet Nam.AbstractSignal processing methods based on the use of derivative, Fourier and wavelet transforms were proposed for the spectrophotometric simultaneous determination of cefoperazone and sulbactam in powders for injection. These transforms were successfully applied to UV spectra and ratio spectra to find suitable working wavelengths. Wavelet signal processing was proved to have distinct advantages (i.e. higher peak intensity obtained, additional smooth function and scaling factor process eliminated) over derivative and Fourier transforms. Especially, a better resolution of spectral overlapping bands was obtained by the use of double signal transform in the sequences such as (i) spectra pre-processed by Fractional Wavelet Transform and subsequently subjected to Continuous Wavelet Transform or Discrete Wavelet Transform, and (ii) derivative - wavelet transforms combined. Calibration graphs for cefoperazone and sulbactam were recorded for the range 10-35mg/L. Good accuracy and precision were reported for all proposed methods by analyzing synthetic mixtures of cefoperazone and sulbactam. Furthermore, these methods were statistically comparable to RP-HPLC.
Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc.2014 Mar 5;121:704-14. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.11.095. Epub 2013 Nov 25.
Signal processing methods based on the use of derivative, Fourier and wavelet transforms were proposed for the spectrophotometric simultaneous determination of cefoperazone and sulbactam in powders for injection. These transforms were successfully applied to UV spectra and ratio spectra to find suit
PMID 24374557

Preparation of ZnS:Ni/ZnS quantum dots with core/shell structure and application for detecting cefoperazone-sulbactam.

Qu J1, Zhu Z2, Wu C2, Zhang L2, Qu J3.Author information 1Institute of Environmental and Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, PR China. Electronic address: qujy@henu.edu.cn.2Institute of Environmental and Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, PR China.3College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, PR China.AbstractZnS:Ni quantum dots (QDs) have been synthesized via a water-soluble route, which were coated by ZnS shell through surface modification to give ZnS:Ni/ZnS QDs. The QDs were characterized by atomic force microscope, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectrometry and fluorescent spectrometry. Then, a novel method for the determination of cefoperazone-sulbactam (CPZ-SBT) in aqueous solutions has been developed based on the enhancement of fluorescence of ZnS:Ni/ZnS QDs in the presence of CPZ-SBT. Under the optimal conditions, the enhanced fluorescence intensity (ΔF) was proportional to CPZ-SBT concentration in the range of 8.0×10(-6)-1.0×10(-4)g/L with a detection limit of 1.0×10(-7)g/L. The method was employed for the determination of CPZ-SBT in sample to give satisfactory result. Compared with others, this method was more sensitive, fast and simple with low limit detection.
Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc.2014 Mar 5;121:350-4. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.10.096. Epub 2013 Nov 7.
ZnS:Ni quantum dots (QDs) have been synthesized via a water-soluble route, which were coated by ZnS shell through surface modification to give ZnS:Ni/ZnS QDs. The QDs were characterized by atomic force microscope, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectrometry and fluorescent spectrometry. Then, a novel m
PMID 24275195

Japanese Journal

来院時，ビタミンＫ欠乏症による高度の凝固異常を呈していた胆嚢炎の１例　　－ビタミンＫ欠乏症を伴った胆嚢炎の１例－:─ビタミンK欠乏症を伴った胆嚢炎の1例─

猪熊孝実,蒲原行雄,松尾圭,赤司有史,井上啓爾,小原則博,前田潤平,宮田昭海
日本腹部救急医学会雑誌 29(3), 525-528, 2009
… 胆嚢炎の診断にて絶食，補液のもと，sulbactam sodium/cefoperazone sodium（SBT/CPZ）の投与を行っていた。 …
NAID 130004508747

症例スルバクタムナトリウム・セフォペラゾンナトリウム(スルペラゾン)による多形滲出性紅斑型薬疹

上原和子,佐藤八千代,福田英嗣 [他]
皮膚科の臨床 50(8), 987-990, 2008-08
NAID 40016196413

拡散強調MRI画像が肝嚢胞内の感染巣の同定に有用であった維持透析多発性嚢胞腎患者の1例

小河秀郎,近藤基之,平田邦夫 [他],金崎めぐみ,山田衆,坂本力
日本透析医学会雑誌 = Journal of Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy 40(5), 435-440, 2007-05-28
… sulbactam sodium/cefoperazone sodium (SBT/CPZ) を1g/日投与にて症状は軽快し炎症所見も消退した. …
NAID 10019967033

「セフォペラゾン」

Cefoperazone
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	(6R,7R)-7-[(2R)-2-{[(4-Ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carbonyl]amino}-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido]-3-{[(1-methyl-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl}-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
MedlinePlus	a601206
Pharmacokinetic data
Excretion	Hepatic
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	62893-19-0
ATC code	J01DD12 QJ51DD12
PubChem	CID: 44185
DrugBank	DB01329
ChemSpider	40206
UNII	7U75I1278D
KEGG	D07645
ChEMBL	CHEMBL507674
Chemical data
Formula	C25H27N9O8S2
Molecular mass	645.67 g/mol
	SMILES O=C2N1/C(=C(\CS[C@@H]1[C@@H]2NC(=O)[C@@H](c3ccc(O)cc3)NC(=O)N4C(=O)C(=O)N(CC)CC4)CSc5nnnn5C)C(=O)O ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C25H27N9O8S2/c1-3-32-8-9-33(21(39)20(32)38)24(42)27-15(12-4-6-14(35)7-5-12)18(36)26-16-19(37)34-17(23(40)41)13(10-43-22(16)34)11-44-25-28-29-30-31(25)2/h4-7,15-16,22,35H,3,8-11H2,1-2H3,(H,26,36)(H,27,42)(H,40,41)/t15-,16-,22-/m1/s1 ; Key:GCFBRXLSHGKWDP-XCGNWRKASA-N ;
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