ウシアデノウイルス

WordNet

dull and slow-moving and stolid; like an ox; "showed a bovine apathy"
any of various members of the genus Bos
of or relating to or belonging to the genus Bos (cattle) (同)bovid
any of a group of viruses including those that in humans cause upper respiratory infections or infectious pinkeye

PrepTutorEJDIC

牛の;牛のような / のっそりした,鈍重な / ウシ科の動物

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/03/30 23:49:52」(JST)

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Bovine Adenovirus, also known as BAdV, is a member of the Adenoviridae family that causes disease in cattle. There are 10 serotypes recognised and the virus had a worldwide distribution - being particularly common in Africa and Central America.

Infection usually results in disease of the gastrointestinal or respiratory tract. Infection may also cause ocular or generalised signs and may contribute to enzootic pneumonia, depending on the serotype of the virus. However, infection may not always result in disease as the virus can be isolated in healthy cattle.

Once infected, the cattle shed the virus for approximately 10 days in the respiratory secretions or feces -- some cattle may become persistently infected, resulting in excretion of the virus for much longer.

Clinical Signs & Diagnosis[edit]

Clinical signs are more common in younger animals as the levels of maternal antibodies begin to wane, from as young as two weeks old.

Gastrointestinal signs include diarrhoea, a reduced appetite and abdominal distension. Respiratory signs include coughing, serous nasal discharge, dyspnea and tachypnea. Signs may worsen if a secondary infection occurs. The classical signs of a generalised disease, such as pyrexia, weight loss, depression, weakness, lymphadenopathy and lethargy may also be seen. Sudden death is also reported.

Definitive diagnosis can only be achieved by measuring a fourfold rise in antibody titre over the course of the disease. Presence of the virus alone cannot confirm diagnosis due to it presence in healthy cattle. Virus isolation is the only way to identify the serotype of the adenovirus. Postmortem examination may reveal lesions in the gastrointestinal or respiratory tract and enlarged lymph nodes.

Treatment & Control[edit]

Cattle should be treated symptomatically when possible. Antibiotic treatment may also be indicated to prevent secondary infection.

The disease can be controlled by ensuring that calves receive adequate colostrum at birth. Management factors such as separating different age groups, and providing good ventilation and clean bedding also reduce disease incidence.

Vaccination of young cattle can reduce the severity and incidence of disease. Multiple doses are required and are usually combined with other agents. The vaccine is not available worldwide.

References[edit]

Bovine Adenovirus, reviewed and published by WikiVet at http://en.wikivet.net/Bovine Adenovirus, accessed 18/08/2011.

This veterinary medicine–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

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1. アデノウイルス感染の疫学および臨床症状 epidemiology and clinical manifestations of adenovirus infection
2. アデノウイルスの病因およびベクター使用 adenovirus pathogenesis and vector applications
3. アデノウイルス感染の診断および治療 diagnosis and treatment of adenovirus infection
4. 成人におけるウイルス性胃腸炎の疫学 epidemiology of viral gastroenteritis in adults
5. 新生児における院内ウイルス感染症 nosocomial viral infections in the neonate

English Journal

Bisphenol A promotes dendritic morphogenesis of hippocampal neurons through estrogen receptor-mediated ERK1/2 signal pathway.

Xu X, Lu Y, Zhang G, Chen L, Tian D, Shen X, Yang Y, Dong F.Author information Chemistry and Life Sciences College, Zhejiang Normal University, China. Electronic address: xuxh63@zjnu.cn.AbstractBisphenol A (BPA), an environmental endocrine disruptor, has attracted increasing attention to its adverse effects on brain developmental process. The previous study indicated that BPA rapidly increased motility and density of dendritic filopodia and enhanced the phosphorylation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit NR2B in cultured hippocampal neurons within 30min. The purpose of the present study was further to investigate the effects of BPA for 24h on dendritic morphogenesis and the underlying mechanisms. After cultured for 5d in vitro, the hippocampal neurons from 24h-old rat were infected by AdV-EGFP to indicate time-lapse imaging of living neurons. The results demonstrated that the exposure of the cultured hippocampal neurons to BPA (10, 100nM) or 17β-estradiol (17β-E2, 10nM) for 24h significantly promoted dendritic development, as evidenced by the increased total length of dendrite and the enhanced motility and density of dendritic filopodia. However, these changes were suppressed by an ERs antagonist, ICI182,780, a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801, and a mitogen-activated ERK1/2-activating kinase (MEK1/2) inhibitor, U0126. Meanwhile, the increased F-actin (filamentous actin) induced by BPA (100nM) was also completely eliminated by these blockers. Furthermore, the result of western blot analyses showed that, the exposure of the cultures to BPA or 17β-E2 for 24h promoted the expression of Rac1/Cdc42 but inhibited that of RhoA, suggesting Rac1 (Ras related C3 botulinum toxinsubstrate 1)/Cdc42 (cell divisioncycle 42) and RhoA (Ras homologous A), the Rho family of small GTPases, were involved in BPA- or 17β-E2-induced changes in the dendritic morphogenesis of neurons. These BPA- or 17β-E2-induced effects were completely blocked by ICI182,780, and were partially suppressed by U0126. These results reveal that, similar to 17β-E2, BPA exerts its effects on dendritic morphogenesis by eliciting both nuclear actions and extranuclear-initiated actions that are integrated to influence the development of dendrite in hippocampal neurons.
Chemosphere.Chemosphere.2014 Feb;96:129-37. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.09.063. Epub 2013 Nov 11.
Bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental endocrine disruptor, has attracted increasing attention to its adverse effects on brain developmental process. The previous study indicated that BPA rapidly increased motility and density of dendritic filopodia and enhanced the phosphorylation of N-methyl-d-aspart
PMID 24231043

Identification of a novel HLA-A*24:02-restricted adenovirus serotype 11-specific CD8+ T-cell epitope for adoptive immunotherapy.

Imahashi N, Nishida T, Ito Y, Kawada J, Nakazawa Y, Toji S, Suzuki S, Terakura S, Kato T, Murata M, Naoe T.Author information Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan.AbstractSubgroup B adenovirus serotype 11 (Ad11) occasionally causes fatal infections in immunocompromised patients. The present study describes a novel Ad11 epitope presented by HLA-A*24:02 that could be used for adoptive immunotherapy. Ten synthetic Ad11 hexon protein-derived nonamer peptides that bound to HLA-A*24:02 were selected by a computer algorithm and MHC stabilization assay. Stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HLA-A*24:02+ donors with each of these synthetic peptides induced peptide-specific CD8(+) T-cells for three peptides. Testing the reactivity of these peptide-specific CD8(+) T-cells against various target cells confirmed that peptide TYFNLGNKF is naturally processed in Ad11-infected cells and is presented by HLA-A*24:02. Emergence of TYFNLGNKF-specific CD8(+) T-cells coincided with the clearance of adenoviruses in a patient with Ad11 disease. Importantly, TYFNLGNKF-specific CD8(+) T-cells were suggested to be not serotype cross-reactive. The novel HLA-A*24:02-restricted Ad11 epitope could be used for anti-Ad11 adoptive immunotherapy and to monitor immunity to Ad11 using MHC tetramers.
Molecular immunology.Mol Immunol.2013 Dec;56(4):399-405. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.05.232. Epub 2013 Aug 1.
Subgroup B adenovirus serotype 11 (Ad11) occasionally causes fatal infections in immunocompromised patients. The present study describes a novel Ad11 epitope presented by HLA-A*24:02 that could be used for adoptive immunotherapy. Ten synthetic Ad11 hexon protein-derived nonamer peptides that bound t
PMID 23911395

Comparison of the immunogenicity and protection against bovine tuberculosis following immunization by BCG-priming and boosting with adenovirus or protein based vaccines.

Dean G, Whelan A, Clifford D, Salguero FJ, Xing Z, Gilbert S, McShane H, Hewinson RG, Vordermeier M, Villarreal-Ramos B.Author information Bovine TB, AHVLA - Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK.AbstractThere is a requirement for vaccines or vaccination strategies that confer better protection against TB than the current live attenuated Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine for use in cattle. Boosting with recombinant viral vectors expressing mycobacterial proteins, such as Ag85A, has shown a degree of promise as a strategy for improving on the protection afforded by BCG. Experiments in small animal models have indicated that broadening the immune response to include mycobacterial antigens other than Ag85A, such as Rv0288, induced by boosting with Ad5 constructs has a direct effect on the protection afforded against TB. Here, we compared the immunogenicity and protection against challenge with M. bovis afforded by boosting BCG-vaccinated cattle with a human type 5 (Ad5)-based vaccine expressing the mycobacterial antigens Ag85A (Ad5-85A); or Ag85A, Rv0251, Rv0287 and Rv0288 (Ad5-TBF); or with protein TBF emulsified in adjuvant (Adj-TBF). Boosting with TBF broaden the immune response. The kinetics of Ad5-TBF and Adj-TBF were shown to be different, with effector T cell responses from the latter developing more slowly but being more durable than those induced by Ad5-TBF. No increase in protection compared to BCG alone was afforded by Ad5-TBF or Adj-TBF by gross pathology or bacteriology. Using histopathology, as a novel parameter of protection, we show that boosting BCG vaccinated cattle with Ad5-85A induced significantly better protection than BCG alone.
Vaccine.Vaccine.2013 Nov 19. pii: S0264-410X(13)01566-1. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.045. [Epub ahead of print]
There is a requirement for vaccines or vaccination strategies that confer better protection against TB than the current live attenuated Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine for use in cattle. Boosting with recombinant viral vectors expressing mycobacterial proteins, such as Ag8
PMID 24269321

Japanese Journal

牛鼻炎Bウイルスと牛アデノウイルス7型に対する各種処理を施した消毒薬の抗ウイルス効果

桐澤力雄,川本哲,永幡肇
日本獣医師会雑誌 = Journal of the Japan Veterinary Medical Association 65(11), 864-870, 2012-11-20
家畜防疫に用いられている消毒用資材の現場の使用条件下での口蹄疫ウイルスに対する消毒効果の指標とするために,口蹄疫ウイルスと同様の性状を持つ牛鼻炎Bウイルス(BRBV)とエンベロープを持たない牛アデノウイルス7型(BAdV-7)を用いて検討した。8種類の消毒薬(消石灰,炭酸ナトリウム,クエン酸,ヨウ素系,塩素系,アルデヒド系,複合及び水酸化ナトリウム添加消毒薬)を用いた。スラリー処理で両ウイルスに効 …
NAID 10031130264

Intravenous Administration of Polyethylene Glycol-Coated (PEGylated) Proteins and PEGylated Adenovirus Elicits an Anti-PEG Immunoglobulin M Response

Shimizu Taro,Ichihara Masako,Yoshioka Yasuo [他],Ishida Tatsuhiro,Nakagawa Shinsaku,Kiwada Hiroshi
Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 35(8), 1336-1342, 2012
… A single intravenous administration of polyethylene glycol-coated (PEGylated) bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA) elicited an anti-PEG immunoglobulin M (IgM) response, similar to that from PEGylated liposomes, although the administration did not elicit specific neutralizing antibodies to BSA and OVA. … In addition, a single intravenous administration of PEGylated adenovirus (PEG-Ad) also elicited an anti-PEG IgM response in a PEG-modification ratio dependent manner. …
NAID 130001872150

Recombinant adenovirus-mediated human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene can stimulate cell proliferation and maintain primitive characteristics in bovine mammary gland epithelial cells

He Xiao-Ying,Zheng Yue-Mao,Lan Jie [他],WU Yue-Hong,YAN Jing,HE Xiao-Ning,ZHANG Tuo,HE Yu-Long,ZHENG Yan-Ling,ZHANG Yong
Development, growth & differentiation 53(3), 312-322, 2011-04-01
NAID 10028202463