出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/06/30 09:20:16」(JST)
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-{2-[4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethoxy}ethanaminium chloride
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| Systematic IUPAC name
Benzyldimethyl(2-{2-[4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethoxy}ethyl)azanium chloride
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| Identifiers | |
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CAS Number
|
121-54-0 Y |
|
Beilstein Reference
|
3898548 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:31264 N |
| ChEMBL | ChEMBL221753 N |
| ChemSpider | 8165 Y |
| EC Number | 204-479-9 |
| Jmol 3D model | Interactive image Interactive image |
| KEGG | D01140 Y |
| MeSH | Benzethonium |
| PubChem | 8478 |
| RTECS number | BO7175000 |
| UNII | PH41D05744 Y |
| UN number | 2923 |
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InChI
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SMILES
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| Properties | |
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Chemical formula
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C27H42ClNO2 |
| Molar mass | 448.09 g·mol−1 |
| Melting point | 163 °C (325 °F; 436 K) |
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Solubility in water
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40 g dm−3 (at 20 °C) |
| Pharmacology | |
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ATC code
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D08AJ08 (WHO) R02AA09 (WHO) |
| Legal status |
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Routes of
administration |
topical |
| Hazards | |
| GHS pictograms | |
| GHS signal word | Danger |
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GHS hazard statements
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H301, H314, H400 |
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GHS precautionary statements
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P273, P280, P305+351+338, P310 |
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EU classification (DSD)
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Xn |
| R-phrases | R22 R37/38 R41 |
| S-phrases | S26 S36/39 |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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| N verify (what is YN ?) | |
| Infobox references | |
Benzethonium chloride, also known as hyamine is a synthetic quaternary ammonium salt. This compound is an odorless white solid, soluble in water. It has surfactant, antiseptic, and anti-infective properties, and it is used as a topical antimicrobial agent in first aid antiseptics. It is also found in cosmetics and toiletries such as mouthwashes, anti-itch ointments, and antibacterial moist towelettes. Benzethonium chloride is also used in the food industry as a hard surface disinfectant.[1]
Benzethonium chloride exhibits a broad spectrum of microbiocidal activity against bacteria, fungi, mold and viruses. Independent testing shows that benzethonium chloride is highly effective against such pathogens as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Clostridium difficile, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, herpes simplex virus (HSV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and norovirus.[citation needed]
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) specifies that the safe and effective concentrations for benzethonium chloride are 0.1-0.2% in first aid products.[2] Aqueous solutions of benzethonium chloride are not absorbed through the skin. It is not approved in the US and Europe for use as a food additive. Being a quaternary ammonium salt, it is more toxic than negatively charged surfactants.[3] However, in a two-year study on rats, there was no evidence of carcinogenic activity.[4]
It is available under trade names Salanine, BZT, Diapp, Quatrachlor, Polymine D, Phemithyn, Antiseptol, Disilyn, Phermerol, and others.[5] It is also found in several grapefruit seed extract preparations[6] and can be used as a preservative, such as in the anaesthetic Ketamine.[7]
In addition to its highly effective antimicrobial activity, benzethonium chloride contains a positively charged nitrogen atom covalently bonded to four carbon atoms. This positive charge attracts it to the skin and hair. This contributes to a soft, powdery afterfeel on the skin and hair, as well as long-lasting persistent activity against microorganisms. Also, this positively charged hydrophilic part of the molecule makes it a cationic detergent.[8]
Benzethonium chloride is also used to titrate the quantity of sodium dodecyl sulfate in a mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium sulfate, using dimidium bromide-sulphan blue as an indicator.[9]
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| リンク元 | 「ベンゼトニウム」 |
| 拡張検索 | 「benzethonium chloride」「methylbenzethonium」「benzethonium poisoning」 |