WordNet

measured by an angle or by the rate of change of an angle; "angular momentum"
having angles or an angular shape (同)angulate
inflammation of the mucous membrane of the mouth

PrepTutorEJDIC

かどのある,とがった / かどから成る;かどを成す;角度で測った / 骨ばった,やせこけた / (態度が)ぎこちない,堅苦しい

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/11/19 00:55:06」(JST)

wiki en

Angular cheilitis (also called perlèche^[1]^:309, cheilosis or angular stomatitis) is an inflammatory lesion at the labial commissure, or corner of the mouth, and often occurs bilaterally. The condition manifests as deep cracks or splits. In severe cases, the splits can bleed when the mouth is opened and shallow ulcers or a crust may form.

Signs and symptoms

Angular cheilitis causes red, wet, crusting and breakdown of the skin at the corner of the mouth.^[2]

Causes

Photographic Comparison of: 1) a Canker Sore - inside the mouth, 2) Herpes, 3) Angular Cheilitis and 4) Chapped Lips.^[3]

Although the sores of angular cheilitis may become infected by the fungus Candida albicans (thrush), or other pathogens, studies have linked the initial onset of angular cheilitis with nutritional deficiencies, namely riboflavin (vitamin B₂)^[4]^[5] and iron deficiency anemia,^[5] which in turn may be evidence of poor diets or malnutrition (e.g. celiac disease). Zinc deficiency has also been associated with angular cheilitis.^[6] Angular cheilitis can also be a sign of anorexia nervosa and/or bulimia nervosa due both to malnutrition and as a side effect of constant vomiting.

Cheilosis may also be part of a group of symptoms (upper esophageal web, iron deficiency anemia, glossitis, and cheilosis) defining the condition called Plummer-Vinson syndrome (aka Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome).

Angular cheilitis occurs frequently in the elderly population who experience a loss of vertical dimension due to loss of teeth, thus allowing for over-closure of the mouth.

Less severe cases occur when it is quite cold (such as in the winter time), and is widely known as having chapped lips. Individuals may lick their lips in an attempt to provide a temporary moment of relief, only serving to worsen the condition.^[7]

Angular cheilitis can be caused by bacteria, but is more commonly a fungal infection. It can also be caused by medications which dry the skin, including isotretinoin (Accutane), an analog of vitamin A. Less commonly, it is associated with primary hypervitaminosis A ^[8], which can occur when large amounts of liver (including cod liver oil and other fish oils) are regularly consumed or as a result from an excess intake of vitamin A in the form of vitamin supplements.

Treatment

Treatment of angular cheilitis varies depending on the cause.

For minor cases caused by bacterial infection, applying a topical antibiotic to the area for several days is sufficient to treat the infection and heal the lesions. Minor cases caused by a fungal infection can be treated by over-the-counter antifungal creams (e.g. clotrimazole).^[9]

References

^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
^ Park, KK; Brodell, RT, Helms, SE (2011 Jun). "Angular cheilitis, part 1: local etiologies.". Cutis; cutaneous medicine for the practitioner 87 (6): 289-95. PMID 21838086.
^ Dorfman J, The Center for Special Dentistry.
^ MedlinePlus (2005-08-01). "Riboflavin (vitamin B₂) deficiency (ariboflavinosis)". National Institutes of Health. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-riboflavin.html.
^ ^a ^b Lu S, Wu H (2004). "Initial diagnosis of anemia from sore mouth and improved classification of anemias by MCV and RDW in 30 patients". Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 98 (6): 679–85. doi:10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.01.006. PMID 15583540.
^ Gaveau D, Piette F, Cortot A, Dumur V, Bergoend H. (1987). "[Cutaneous manifestations of zinc deficiency in ethylic cirrhosis].". Ann Dermatol Venereol. 114 (1): 39–53. PMID 3579131.
^ Gibson, Lawrence E., M.D., "Dry Skin", Mayo Clinic
^ Kliegman: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 18th ed.
^ "Angular Cheilitis", AOL Health

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 口腔病変 oral lesions
2. 小児の栄養障害と関連した微量栄養素欠乏 micronutrient deficiencies associated with malnutrition in children
3. アフタ性口内炎、咽頭炎およびリンパ節炎（PFAPA症候群）を伴う周期熱 periodic fever with aphthous stomatitis pharyngitis and adenitis pfapa syndrome
4. シェーグレン症候群における口内乾燥およびその他の非眼結膜炎症状の治療 treatment of dry mouth and other non ocular sicca symptoms in sjogrens syndrome
5. 化学療法に関連した経口毒性 oral toxicity associated with chemotherapy

English Journal

Cutaneous changes in patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis.

Onelmis H, Sener S, Sasmaz S, Ozer A.SourceDepartment of Dermatology, Yenisehir State Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
Cutaneous and ocular toxicology.Cutan Ocul Toxicol.2012 Dec;31(4):286-91. doi: 10.3109/15569527.2012.657726. Epub 2012 Feb 15.
CONTEXT: A number of skin diseases can be observed in chronic renal failure (CRF). Their incidence have changed in different series.OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of cutaneous changes in CRF undergoing hemodialysis (HD) with healthy persons and to study the potential relationship with various
PMID 22335460

Candidiasis and other oral mucosal lesions during and after interferon therapy for HCV-related chronic liver diseases.

Nagao Y, Hashimoto K, Sata M.SourceDepartment of Digestive Disease Information & Research, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan. nagao@med.kurume-u.ac.jp
BMC gastroenterology.BMC Gastroenterol.2012 Nov 2;12:155. doi: 10.1186/1471-230X-12-155.
BACKGROUND: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is seen frequently in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of oral candidiasis, other mucosal lesions, and xerostomia during interferon (IFN) therapy for HCV infection.METHODS: Of 124 patients with
PMID 23122361

[Plummer-Vinson syndrome: report of a case and review of literature].

Mitma AA, Frisancho OE.SourceDepartamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Perú. angel_mitma@hotmail.com
Revista de gastroenterología del Perú : órgano oficial de la Sociedad de Gastroenterología del Perú.Rev Gastroenterol Peru.2012 Apr-Jun;32(2):197-203.
A 39-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with an eight-month history of dyspnea on exertion, weakness and increasing fatigue. She reported repeated episodes of menometrorrhagia and underwent a myomectomy. She is not a vegetarian. Her menstrual bleeding: 3-5 days per month. Two months ago, sh
PMID 23023185

Japanese Journal

耳鼻咽喉科で診断されたHIV感染症例

川田晃弘,宮本佳人
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 106(8), 753-758, 2013
… The patient was a 53-year-old male who came to our clinic complaining of intractable stomatitis and angular cheilitis. …
NAID 130003374116

四川省〓川大地震の被災地における約1年後の妊婦・授乳婦および小児の栄養状態と改善方法(<緊急特集>災害栄養-ビタミン・ミネラルから食事と健康まで-III)

〓士安,董彩霞,鄭緯 [他訳]
ビタミン 85(10), 519-530, 2011-10-25
… After three months of the earthquake, some clinical signs related to micronutrient deficiencies occurred in vulnerable populations, such as glossitis, angular stomatitis, gingival bleeding, and leg cramps and other symptoms. …
NAID 110008762035