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Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/11/14 20:10:23」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (or other combinations with airway or hyperreactivity) is a state characterised by easily triggered bronchospasm (contraction of the bronchioles or small airways).
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness can be assessed with a bronchial challenge test. This most often uses products like methacholine or histamine. These chemicals trigger bronchospasm in normal individuals as well, but people with bronchial hyperresponsiveness have a lower threshold.
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a hallmark of asthma but also occurs frequently in people suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).[1] In the Lung Health Study, bronchial hyperresponsiveness was present in approximately two-thirds of patients with non-severe COPD, and this predicted lung function decline independently of other factors.[2] In asthma it tends to be reversible with bronchodilator therapy, while this is not the case in COPD.
- ^ Postma DS, Kerstjens HA (November 1998). "Characteristics of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 158 (5 Pt 3): S187–92. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.supplement_2.13tac170. PMID 9817744.
- ^ Tashkin DP, Altose MD, Connett JE, Kanner RE, Lee WW, Wise RA (June 1996). "Methacholine reactivity predicts changes in lung function over time in smokers with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lung Health Study Research Group". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 153 (6 Pt 1): 1802–11. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.6.8665038. PMID 8665038.
Respiratory system, physiology: respiratory physiology
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Lung volumes |
- VC
- FRC
- Vt
- dead space
- CC
- PEF
- calculations
- respiratory minute volume
- FEV1/FVC ratio
- methods of lung testing
- spirometry
- body plethysmography
- peak flow meter
- nitrogen washout
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Airways/ventilation (V) |
- positive pressure ventilation
- breath (inhalation
- exhalation)
- respiratory rate
- respirometer
- pulmonary surfactant
- compliance
- elastic recoil
- hysteresivity
- airway resistance
- bronchial hyperresponsiveness
- bronchoconstriction/bronchodilation
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Blood/perfusion (Q) |
- pulmonary circulation
- hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction
- pulmonary shunt
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Interactions/
ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q) |
- ventilation/perfusion scan
- zones of the lung
- gas exchange
- pulmonary gas pressures
- alveolar gas equation
- alveolar–arterial gradient
- hemoglobin
- oxygen–haemoglobin dissociation curve (Oxygen saturation
- 2,3-BPG
- Bohr effect
- Haldane effect)
- carbonic anhydrase (chloride shift)
- oxyhemoglobin
- respiratory quotient
- arterial blood gas
- diffusion capacity (DLCO)
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Control of respiration |
- pons
- pneumotaxic center
- apneustic center
- medulla
- dorsal respiratory group
- ventral respiratory group
- chemoreceptors
- pulmonary stretch receptors
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Insufficiency |
- high altitude
- oxygen toxicity
- hypoxia
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anat (n, x, l, c)/phys/devp
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noco (c, p)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug (R1/2/3/5/6/7)
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Irritant-induced airway disorders.
- Brooks SM, Bernstein IL.SourceColleges of Public Health & Medicine, USF Health Science Center, University of South Florida, 13201 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
- Immunology and allergy clinics of North America.Immunol Allergy Clin North Am.2011 Nov;31(4):747-68.
- Thousands of persons experience accidental high-level irritant exposures each year but most recover and few die. Irritants function differently than allergens because their actions proceed nonspecifically and by nonimmunologic mechanisms. For some individuals, the consequence of a single massive exp
- PMID 21978855
- Th17 Cytokines Are Critical for Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Airway Hyperreponsiveness through Regulation by Complement C3a and Tachykinins.
- Bera MM, Lu B, Martin TR, Cui S, Rhein LM, Gerard C, Gerard NP.SourceIna Sue Perlmutter Laboratory, Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115;
- Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950).J Immunol.2011 Oct 15;187(8):4245-55. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is associated with serious lung disease in infants and immunocompromised individuals and is linked to development of asthma. In mice, acute RSV infection causes airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), inflammation, and mucus hypersecretion. Infected cells induce
- PMID 21918196
Japanese Journal
- 気管支喘息に対する鍼治療の効果の検討-運動誘発性喘息を対象として-
- JKCF2-4 Prolonged airway hyperresponsiveness caused by epicutaneous sensitization is dependent on the IL-23/IL-17A axis(Atopic eczema and related diseases,Free Paper Session 2,Japan-Korea-China Joint Symposium)
- Suzuki Yusuke,Kodama Motohiro,Kagawa Shizuko,Masaki Katsunori,Betsuyaku Tomoko,Asano Koichiro
- アレルギー 60(9・10), 1316, 2011-10-10
- NAID 110008912145
Related Links
- 1. Chest. 2003 Mar;123(3 Suppl):411S-6S. Airway hyperresponsiveness. O'Byrne PM, Inman MD. Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada. oby-rnep@mcmaster.ca Airway ...
- ABSTRACT Airway hyperresponsiveness is a characteristic feature of asthma and consists of an increased sensitivity of the airways to an inhaled constrictor agonist, a steeper slope of the dose-response curve, and a greater maximal ...
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[★]
- 英
- airway hyperresponsiveness、bronchial hyperreactivity、AHR
- 関
- 気管支過敏症、気道過敏、気管支反応性亢進
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- 英
- airway hyperresponsiveness、bronchial hyperreactivity
- 関
- 気道過敏症、気道過敏、気管支反応性亢進
[★]
- 英
- airway hyperresponsiveness、airway hyperreactivity
- 関
- 気道過敏症、気道過敏性、気管支過敏症
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気道過敏症
- 関
- airway hyperresponsiveness、bronchial hyperreactivity
- 同
- airway hyperresponsiveness
[★]
気管支過敏症、気道過敏症、気管支反応性亢進
- 関
- AHR、airway hyperresponsiveness
[★]
- 関
- hyperreactive、hyperreactivity、hyperresponsive
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気道 respiratory tract