関: AHR、airway hyperresponsiveness

WordNet

relating to or associated with the bronchi; "bronchial tubes"; "bronchial pneumonia"

PrepTutorEJDIC

気管支の
bronchusの複数形

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/10/22 14:05:13」(JST)

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Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (or other combinations with airway or hyperreactivity) is a state characterised by easily triggered bronchospasm (contraction of the bronchioles or small airways).

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness can be assessed with a bronchial challenge test. This most often uses products like methacholine or histamine. These chemicals trigger bronchospasm in normal individuals as well, but people with bronchial hyperresponsiveness have a lower threshold.

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a hallmark of asthma but also occurs frequently in people suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).^[1] In the Lung Health Study, bronchial hyperresponsiveness was present in approximately two-thirds of patients with non-severe COPD, and this predicted lung function decline independently of other factors.^[2] In asthma it tends to be reversible with bronchodilator therapy, while this is not the case in COPD.

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness has been associated with gas cooking among subjects with the GSTM1 null genotype.^[3]

Footnotes

^ Postma DS, Kerstjens HA (November 1998). "Characteristics of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 158 (5 Pt 3): S187–92. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.supplement_2.13tac170. PMID 9817744.
^ Tashkin DP, Altose MD, Connett JE, Kanner RE, Lee WW, Wise RA (June 1996). "Methacholine reactivity predicts changes in lung function over time in smokers with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lung Health Study Research Group". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 153 (6 Pt 1): 1802–11. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.6.8665038. PMID 8665038.
^ Amaral, A. F. S.; Ramasamy, A.; Castro-Giner, F.; Minelli, C.; Accordini, S.; Sorheim, I.-C.; Pin, I.; Kogevinas, M.; Jogi, R.; Balding, D. J.; Norback, D.; Verlato, G.; Olivieri, M.; Probst-Hensch, N.; Janson, C.; Zock, J.-P.; Heinrich, J.; Jarvis, D. L. (10 March 2014). "Interaction between gas cooking and GSTM1 null genotype in bronchial responsiveness: results from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey". Thorax. 69 (6): 558–564. doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204574.

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The IL-33/ST2 axis is crucial in type 2 airway responses induced by the Staphylococcus aureus protease SplD.

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PMID 28532656

Japanese Journal

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アレルギー 65(1), 32-40, 2016
NAID 130005128403

Study of risk factors for atopic sensitization, asthma, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in animal laboratory workers

Journal of Occupational Health 58(1), 7-15, 2016
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Study of risk factors for atopic sensitization, asthma, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in animal laboratory workers

Journal of Occupational Health advpub(0), 2015
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「気道過敏症」

　　[★]

英: airway hyperresponsiveness、bronchial hyperreactivity、AHR
関: 気管支過敏症、気道過敏、気管支反応性亢進

「気管支過敏症」

　　[★]

英: airway hyperresponsiveness、bronchial hyperreactivity
関: 気道過敏症、気道過敏、気管支反応性亢進

「AHR」

　　[★]

気道過敏症

関: airway hyperresponsiveness、bronchial hyperreactivity

同: airway hyperresponsiveness

「気管支反応性亢進」

　　[★]

英: bronchial hyperreactivity
関: 気道過敏症、気管支過敏症

「hyperreactivity」

　　[★]

n.

反応性亢進、反応亢進、過敏性

関: hyperreactive、hyperresponsive、hyperresponsiveness、hypersensitive、hypersensitivity、overactive、overactivity

「bronchial」

　　[★]

adj.

気管支の

関: bronchi、bronchial tube、bronchus

[pmid9817744-1] Postma DS, Kerstjens HA (November 1998). "Characteristics of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 158 (5 Pt 3): S187–92. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.supplement_2.13tac170. PMID 9817744.

[pmid8665038-2] Tashkin DP, Altose MD, Connett JE, Kanner RE, Lee WW, Wise RA (June 1996). "Methacholine reactivity predicts changes in lung function over time in smokers with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lung Health Study Research Group". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 153 (6 Pt 1): 1802–11. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.6.8665038. PMID 8665038.

[3] Amaral, A. F. S.; Ramasamy, A.; Castro-Giner, F.; Minelli, C.; Accordini, S.; Sorheim, I.-C.; Pin, I.; Kogevinas, M.; Jogi, R.; Balding, D. J.; Norback, D.; Verlato, G.; Olivieri, M.; Probst-Hensch, N.; Janson, C.; Zock, J.-P.; Heinrich, J.; Jarvis, D. L. (10 March 2014). "Interaction between gas cooking and GSTM1 null genotype in bronchial responsiveness: results from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey". Thorax. 69 (6): 558–564. doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204574.

v t e Respiratory physiology

Respiration	breath inhalation exhalation respiratory rate respirometer pulmonary surfactant compliance elastic recoil hysteresivity airway resistance bronchial hyperresponsiveness constriction dilatation mechanical ventilation

Control	pons pneumotaxic center apneustic center medulla dorsal respiratory group ventral respiratory group chemoreceptors central peripheral pulmonary stretch receptors Hering–Breuer reflex

Lung volumes	VC FRC Vt dead space CC PEF calculations respiratory minute volume FEV1/FVC ratio Lung function tests spirometry body plethysmography peak flow meter nitrogen washout

Circulation	pulmonary circulation hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction pulmonary shunt

Interactions	Perfusion (V) ventilation (Q) ventilation/perfusion scan zones of the lung gas exchange pulmonary gas pressures alveolar gas equation alveolar–arterial gradient hemoglobin oxygen–haemoglobin dissociation curve (Oxygen saturation 2,3-BPG Bohr effect Haldane effect) carbonic anhydrase (chloride shift) oxyhemoglobin respiratory quotient arterial blood gas diffusion capacity (DLCO)

Insufficiency	high altitude oxygen toxicity hypoxia

リンク元	「気道過敏症」「気管支過敏症」「AHR」「気管支反応性亢進」
関連記事	「hyperreactivity」「bronchial」

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bronchial hyperreactivity