WordNet

passing or able to pass air in and out of the lungs normally; sometimes used in combination; "the boy was disappointed to find only skeletons instead of living breathing dinosaurs"; "the heavy-breathing person on the telephone" (同)eupneic, eupnoeic
the bodily process of inhalation and exhalation; the process of taking in oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide by exhalation (同)external_respiration, respiration, ventilation
a festivity in ancient Greece at which competitors contended for prizes
pertaining to or associated with agony (especially death agonies)

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〈U〉呼吸;一息 / 〈C〉一呼吸の間,瞬時 / 〈C〉休息,休止

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/01/22 09:17:37」(JST)

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Agonal respiration is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by gasping, labored breathing, accompanied by strange vocalizations and myoclonus. Possible causes include cerebral ischemia, extreme hypoxia or even anoxia. Agonal breathing is an extremely serious medical sign requiring immediate medical attention, as the condition generally progresses to complete apnea and heralds death.

The term is sometimes (inaccurately) used to refer to labored, gasping breathing patterns accompanying organ failure (e.g. liver failure and renal failure), SIRS, septic shock, and metabolic acidosis (see Kussmaul breathing, or in general any labored breathing, including Biot's respirations and ataxic respirations). Correct usage would restrict the term to the last breaths before death.

Agonal respirations are also commonly seen in cases of cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest where agonal respirations may persist for several minutes after cessation of heartbeat. The presence of agonal respirations in these cases indicates a more favorable prognosis than in cases of cardiac arrest without agonal respirations. In an unresponsive, pulseless patient in cardiac arrest, agonal gasps are not effective breaths.

Agonal respiration is not the same as, and is unrelated to, the phenomenon of death rattle.

External links[edit]

"Incidence of Agonal Respirations in Sudden Cardiac Arrest". EMD Program. King County, Washington. 30 August 2003. Archived from the original on 10 February 2005. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
Bångemail, Angela; Herlitz, Johan; Martinell, Sven (2003). "Interaction between emergency medical dispatcher and caller in suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrest calls with focus on agonal breathing. A review of 100 tape recordings of true cardiac arrest cases". Resuscitation 56 (1): 25–34. doi:10.1016/S0300-9572(02)00278-2. PMID 12505735.
Hazinski, Mary Fran (ed.). BLS for healthcare providers. (New ed.). Dallas, Tex.: American Heart Association. ISBN 1616690399.

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English Journal

The usefulness of the consensus clinical diagnostic criteria in Brugada syndrome.

Sarkozy A, Paparella G, Boussy T, Casado-Arroyo R, Yazaki Y, Chierchia GB, De Asmundis C, Bayrak F, Namdar M, Richter S, Brugada J, Brugada P.SourceHeart Rhythm Management Center, UZ Brussels, Belgium.
International journal of cardiology.Int J Cardiol.2012 Jul 15. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Consensus statements were proposed for the diagnosis of Brugada syndrome (BS). The clinical diagnostic criteria were defined as documented ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia (VT), family history of sudden cardiac death at <45years, diagnostic ECGs of family members, i
PMID 22805547

The continuous quality improvement project for telephone-assisted instruction of cardiopulmonary resuscitation increased the incidence of bystander CPR and improved the outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.

Tanaka Y, Taniguchi J, Wato Y, Yoshida Y, Inaba H.SourceDepartment of Emergency Medical Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan.
Resuscitation.Resuscitation.2012 Feb 23. [Epub ahead of print]
REVIEW: In 2007, the Ishikawa Medical Control Council initiated the continuous quality improvement (CQI) project for telephone-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (telephone-CPR), which included instruction on chest-compression-only CPR, education on how to recognise out-of-hospital cardiac arres
PMID 22366353

Japanese Journal

Implementation of a dispatch-instruction protocol for cardiopulmonary resuscitation according to various abnormal breathing patterns: A population-based study

Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 23, 2015-09-17
NAID 120005758234

急激な転帰をとった外腸骨動脈結腸瘻の1例 : 救命のために求められることは?

日本腹部救急医学会雑誌 = Journal of abdominal emergency medicine 33(3), 647-651, 2013-03-31
NAID 10031170953

The continuous quality improvement project for telephone-assisted instruction of cardiopulmonary resuscitation increased the incidence of bystander CPR and improved the outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests