放線菌属
WordNet
- soil-inhabiting saprophytes and disease-producing plant and animal parasites
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/11/28 13:26:05」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Actinomyces |
|
| Scanning electron micrograph of Actinomyces israelii. |
| Scientific classification |
| Domain: |
Bacteria |
| Phylum: |
Actinobacteria |
| Class: |
Actinobacteria |
| Order: |
Actinomycetales |
| Family: |
Actinomycetaceae |
| Genus: |
Actinomyces
Harz 1877 |
| Species |
|
A. bovis
A. bowdenii
A. canis
A. cardiffensis
A. catuli
A. coleocanis
A. dentalis
A. denticolens
A. europaeus
A. funkei
A. georgiae
A. gerencseriae
A. graevenitzii
A. hongkongensis
A. hordeovulneris
A. howellii
A. humiferus
A. hyovaginalis
A. israelii
A. marimammalium
A. meyeri
A. naeslundii
A. nasicola
A. neuii
A. odontolyticus
A. oricola
A. radicidentis
A. radingae
A. slackii
A. streptomycini
A. suimastitidis
A. suis
A. turicensis
A. urogenitalis
A. vaccimaxillae
A. viscosus
|
Actinomyces (from Greek "actis" ray, beam and "mykes" mucus, fungus) is a genus of the actinobacteria class of bacteria. They are all Gram-positive. Actinomyces are facultatively anaerobic (except A. meyeri, a strict anaerobe). All species grow best under anaerobic conditions. Actinomyces species do not form endospores, and, while individual bacteria are rod-shaped, Actinomyces colonies form fungus-like branched networks of hyphae.[1] The aspect of these colonies initially led to the incorrect assumption that the organism was a fungus and to the name "Actinomyces" or ray fungus.
Actinomyces are known for causing disease in humans, and for the important role they play in soil ecology. They produce a number of enzymes that help degrade organic plant material, lignin, and chitin. As such, their presence is important in the formation of compost.
Contents
- 1 Genomics
- 2 Pathology
- 3 Additional images
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Genomics[edit]
Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA sequences have shown that the genus Actinomyces is quite diverse, exhibiting polyphyletic branching into several clusters. The genera Actinomyces and Mobiluncus form a monophyletic clade in a phylogenetic tree constructed using RpoB, RpoC and DNA Gyrase B protein sequences. This clade is also strongly supported by a conserved signature indel consisting of a 3 amino acid insertion in isoleucine tRNA synthetase found only in the species of the genera Actinomyces and Mobiluncus.[2]
Pathology[edit]
Actinomyces species are normally present in the gums and are the most common cause of infection in dental procedures and oral abscesses. Many Actinomyces species are opportunistic pathogens of humans and other mammals, particularly in the oral cavity.[3] In rare cases, these bacteria can cause actinomycosis, a disease characterized by the formation of abscesses in the mouth, lungs, or the gastrointestinal tract.[4] Actinomycosis is most frequently caused by Actinomyces israelii. A. israelii rarely also causes bacterial endocarditis.[citation needed] Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been identified as being of note in periodontal disease.
Additional images[edit]
-
Micrograph of actinomycosis, H&E stain
-
Micrograph of actinomycosis, GMS stain
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Micrograph of actinomycosis, Gram stain
References[edit]
- ^ Holt JG (editor) (1994). Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (9th ed.). Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-683-00603-7.
- ^ Gao, B.; Gupta, R. S. (2012). "Phylogenetic Framework and Molecular Signatures for the Main Clades of the Phylum Actinobacteria". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 76 (1): 66–112. doi:10.1128/MMBR.05011-11. PMC 3294427. PMID 22390973. edit
- ^ Madigan M; Martinko J (editors). (2005). Brock Biology of Microorganisms (11th ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-144329-1.
- ^ Bowden GHW (1996). Actinomycosis in: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Baron S et al., eds.) (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
External links[edit]
- Actinomyces naeslundii MG1 Genome Page
|
Prokaryotes: Bacteria classification (phyla and orders)
|
|
- Domain: Archaea – Bacteria – Eukaryota
|
|
G-/
OM |
Terra-/
Glidobacteria
(BV1) |
|
Eobacteria
|
- Deinococcus-Thermus
- Chloroflexi
- Anaerolineales
- Caldilineales
- Chloroflexales
- Herpetosiphonales
- Dehalococcoidales
- Ktedonobacterales
- Thermogemmatisporales
- Thermomicrobiales
- Sphaerobacterales
|
|
|
other glidobacteria
|
- Thermodesulfobacteria
- thermophiles
- Cyanobacteria
|
|
|
|
Proteobacteria
(BV2)
|
|
Alpha
|
- Caulobacterales
- Kiloniellales
- Kordiimonadales
- Magnetococcales
- Parvularculales
- Rhizobiales
- Rhodobacterales
- Rhodospirillales
- Rickettsiales
- Sneathiellales
- Sphingomonadales
|
|
|
Beta
|
- Burkholderiales
- Hydrogenophilales
- Methylophilales
- Neisseriales
- Nitrosomonadales
- Procabacteriales
- Rhodocyclales
|
|
|
Gamma
|
- Acidithiobacillales
- Aeromonadales
- Alteromonadales
- Cardiobacteriales
- Chromatiales
- Enterobacteriales
- Legionellales
- Methylococcales
- Oceanospirillales
- Orbales
- Pasteurellales
- Pseudomonadales
- Salinisphaerales
- Thiotrichales
- Vibrionales
- Xanthomonadales
|
|
|
Delta
|
- Bdellovibrionales
- Desulfarculales
- Desulfobacterales
- Desulfovibrionales
- Desulfurellales
- Desulfuromonadales
- Myxococcales
- Syntrophobacterales
- Syntrophorhabdales
|
|
|
Epsilon
|
- Campylobacterales
- Nautiliales
|
|
|
Zeta
|
|
|
|
|
BV4
|
|
Spirochaetes
|
|
|
|
Sphingobacteria
(FCB group)
|
- Fibrobacteres
- Chlorobi
- Chlorobiales
- Ignavibacteriales
- Bacteroidetes
- Bacteroidales
- Cytophagales
- Flavobacteriales
- Sphingobacteriales
|
|
|
Planctobacteria/
(PVC group)
|
- Chlamydiae
- Lentisphaerae
- Lentisphaerales
- Oligosphaerales
- Victivallales
- Planctomycetes
- Phycisphaerales
- Planctomycetales
- Verrucomicrobia
- Puniceicoccales
- Opitutales
- Chthoniobacterales
- Verrucomicrobiales
- "Poribacteria"
|
|
|
Other GN
|
- Acidobacteria
- Acidobacteriales
- Acanthopleuribacterales
- Holophagales
- Solibacterales
- Armatimonadetes
- Armatimonadales
- Chthonomonadales
- Fimbriimonadales
- Caldiserica
- Chrysiogenetes
- Deferribacteres
- Dictyoglomi
- Elusimicrobia
- Fusobacteria
- Gemmatimonadetes
- Nitrospirae
- Synergistetes
|
|
|
|
G+/
no OM |
|
Firmicutes
(BV3)
|
|
Bacilli
|
- Bacillales
- Lactobacillales
|
|
|
Clostridia
|
- Clostridiales
- Halanaerobiales
- Thermoanaerobacterales
- Natranaerobiales
|
|
|
Erysipelotrichi
|
|
|
|
Thermolithobacteria
|
|
|
|
Tenericutes/
Mollicutes
|
- Mycoplasmatales
- Entomoplasmatales
- Anaeroplasmatales
- Acholeplasmatales
- Haloplasmatales
|
|
|
Negativicutes
|
|
|
|
|
Actinobacteria
(BV5)
|
|
Actinomycetidae
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- Actinomycetales
- Bifidobacteriales
|
|
|
Acidimicrobiidae
|
|
|
|
Coriobacteriidae
|
|
|
|
Nitriliruptoridae
|
- Euzebyales
- Nitriliruptorales
|
|
|
Rubrobacteridae
|
- Gaiellales
- Rubrobacterales
- Thermoleophilales
- Solirubrobacterales
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gr+f/gr+a (t)/gr-p (c)/gr-o
|
drug (J1p, w, n, m, vacc)
|
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Full-mouth scaling and root planing in type 2 diabetic subjects: one-year microbiological outcomes.
- Figueiredo L1, Souza D, Santos V, Miranda Ts, Feres M, Faveri M, Duarte P.
- Australian dental journal.Aust Dent J.2014 Dec;59(4):490-6. doi: 10.1111/adj.12221. Epub 2014 Sep 27.
- BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the microbiological effects of full-mouth (FM) and partial-mouth (PM) scaling and root planing (SRP) in type 2 diabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis (ChP), up to 12 months.METHODS: Thirty-four type 2 diabetic subjects with ChP received either FMSRP (n = 17),
- PMID 25159926
- Fatally invasive actinomycosis masquerading as a tonsillar carcinoma.
- Pézier TF1, Kastrinidis N, Widmer GM, Huber GF, Probst R.
- Head & neck.Head Neck.2014 Dec;36(12):E129-30. doi: 10.1002/hed.23659. Epub 2014 Apr 30.
- BACKGROUND: Actinomyces is a bacterial rod found in the normal oral flora. It can gain entry to the submucosa via trivial wounds and ultimately lead to slow growing lesions which may mimic cancerous lesions.METHODS AND RESULTS: We present the case of an elderly, immunosuppressed woman who presented
- PMID 24596066
- Antimicrobial Effect of Lactobacillus reuteri on Cariogenic Bacteria Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus mutans, and Periodontal Diseases Actinomyces naeslundii and Tannerella forsythia.
- Baca-Castañón ML1, De la Garza-Ramos MA, Alcázar-Pizaña AG, Grondin Y, Coronado-Mendoza A, Sánchez-Najera RI, Cárdenas-Estrada E, Medina-De la Garza CE, Escamilla-García E.
- Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins.Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins.2014 Nov 25. [Epub ahead of print]
- Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are well known for their beneficial effects on human health in the intestine and immune system; however, there are few studies on the impact they can generate in oral health. The aim of this study was to test and compare in vitro antimicrobial activity of L. reuteri on pat
- PMID 25422124
Japanese Journal
- Actinomyces naeslundiiによる頸部放線菌症の1例
- 宗 謙次,山口 仁平,岩永 哲,伊東 正博,田中 藤信,小室 哲
- 耳鼻咽喉科臨床 104(3), 217-221, 2011
- … The incidence of symptomatic actinomycosis, an unusual chronic infectious granulomatous disease caused by the anaerobic gram-positive bacterium Actinomyces israelii, has decreased as antibiotics use has spread. …
- NAID 130000805071
Related Links
- 標準微生物学から引用。一部編集して記載。学術用語の確認。放線菌目 Actinomycetales。放線菌類 Actinomycetes。嫌気性放線菌の代表が放線菌属 Actinomyces 属。好気性放線菌の代表がノカルジア属 Nocardia 属。 ...
- actinomycesとは。意味や和訳。[名]（複 ～）細菌放線菌.... - goo英和辞書は14万項目以上を収録し、発音、音声、慣用句、例文が分かる英和辞書です。 actinomycesの意味 - 英和辞書 - 英語辞書 - goo辞書 |
- ウィキペディアの英語版でActinomycesという用語が挙げてありますが、そこでは、以下の意味で使われています。Actinomyces (from Greek "actis" ray, beam and "mykes" mucus, fungus) is a genus of the actinobacteria class of bacteria.
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- pitted keratolysis
- 関
- 角質融解症
概念
病原体
corynebacteria, Dermatophilus congolensis, Kytococcus sedentarius, actinomyces, streptomyces
病因
- 特定の細菌感染による。
- 蜂巣状(horny cell, stratum corneum)は細菌が分泌するプロテアーゼにより表皮が融解されて起こる。
- 悪臭は細菌が分泌するイオウ化合物による。
症状
診断
- 視診で明らか
- 病原体同定のためにスワブスティックで培養検査を出すことがある。
- 真菌感染を除外するためには、表皮を採取することもある。
- 診断のためにパンチアウト皮膚生検し、病理組織学的に診断することがある。
鑑別診断
参考
- http://www.huidziekten.nl/zakboek/dermatosen/ptxt/PittedKeratolysis.htm
- http://www.dermnetnz.org/common/image.php?path=/pathology/img/e/pitted-keratolysis-figure-1.jpg
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitted_keratolysis
<youtube>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMCU26CGkQg</youtube>
[★]
- 英
- actinomyces
- ラ
- Actinomyces
- 同
- アクチノミセス属 アクチノマイセス属 Actinomyces属、放線菌、アクチノミセス、アクチノマイセス、アクチノバクテリア
- 関
- 放線菌目
[show details]
分類
微生物学
放線菌属
感染症
