WordNet

an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
immunogen consisting of a suspension of weakened or dead pathogenic cells injected in order to stimulate the production of antibodies (同)vaccinum
caused by or altered by or manifesting disease or pathology; "diseased tonsils"; "a morbid growth"; "pathologic tissue"; "pathological bodily processes" (同)morbid, pathologic, pathological
United States mathematician (born in France) (1906-1998) (同)Andre Weil
French philosopher (1909-1943) (同)Simone Weil
any of several imperial dynasties of China ruling from 220 to 265 and from 386 to 556 (同)Wei dynasty

PrepTutorEJDIC

(体の)『病気』,疾患 / (精神・道徳などの)病気,病弊
女性の話術芸人 =diseur
牛痘種,痘苗(牛痘を起こすビールスで,天然痘予防のために人体に接種される) / (伝染病の病原菌から作った)ワクチン
病気にかかった / 病的な,不健全な(morbid)

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1. レプトスピラ症の治療および予防 treatment and prevention of leptospirosis
2. 慢性肝疾患患者のための予防接種 immunizations for patients with chronic liver disease
3. A型肝炎ウイルスワクチンと曝露後の予防 hepatitis a virus vaccination and postexposure prophylaxis
4. 末期腎不全患者におけるワクチン immunizations in patients with end stage renal disease
5. 旅行者のための予防接種 immunizations for travel

English Journal

Draft genome sequences of Bordetella holmesii strains from blood (F627) and nasopharynx (H558).

Tatti KM1, Loparev VN, Ranganathanganakammal S, Changayil S, Frace M, Weil MR, Sammons S, Maccannell D, Mayer LW, Tondella ML.Author information 1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.AbstractBordetella holmesii, a human pathogen, can confound the diagnosis of respiratory illness caused by Bordetella pertussis. We present the draft genome sequences of two B. holmesii isolates, one from blood, F627, and one from the nasopharynx, H558. Interestingly, important virulence genes that are present in B. pertussis are not found in B. holmesii.
Genome announcements.Genome Announc.2013 Mar 21;1(2):e0005613. doi: 10.1128/genomeA.00056-13.
Bordetella holmesii, a human pathogen, can confound the diagnosis of respiratory illness caused by Bordetella pertussis. We present the draft genome sequences of two B. holmesii isolates, one from blood, F627, and one from the nasopharynx, H558. Interestingly, important virulence genes that are pre
PMID 23516195

Antigen-specific memory T cell responses after vaccination with an oral killed cholera vaccine in Bangladeshi children and comparison to responses in patients with naturally acquired cholera.

Arifuzzaman M1, Rashu R, Leung DT, Hosen MI, Bhuiyan TR, Bhuiyan MS, Rahman MA, Khanam F, Saha A, Charles RC, LaRocque RC, Weil AA, Clements JD, Holmes RK, Calderwood SB, Harris JB, Ryan ET, Qadri F.Author information 1Centre for Vaccine Sciences, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.AbstractYoung children, older children, and adults develop comparable levels and durations of immunity following cholera. In comparison, young children receiving oral killed cholera vaccines (OCV) develop a lower level and shorter duration of protection than those of older children and adults. The reasons for this are unclear. We investigated OCV-induced memory T cell responses in younger and older children and compared responses to those in children with cholera. We found that patients with cholera developed significant levels of toxin-specific effector memory T cells (T(EM)) with follicular helper and gut-homing characteristics. Older children (6 to 14 years of age) receiving two doses of OCV containing recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (rCTB) had more modest T(EM) responses with follicular helper and gut-homing characteristics, but younger vaccinees (24 to 71 months of age) did not develop T(EM) responses. The T(EM) response correlated positively with subsequent IgG memory B cell responses specific to rCTB in older vaccinees. Cytokine analyses indicated that cholera patients developed significant Th1, Th17, and Th2 responses, while older children receiving vaccine developed more modest increases in Th1 and Th17 cells. Younger vaccinees had no increase in Th1 cells, a decrease in Th17 cells, and an increase in regulatory T (Treg) cells. Our findings suggest that T cell memory responses are markedly diminished in children receiving OCV, especially young children, compared to responses following naturally acquired cholera, and that these differences affect subsequent development of memory B cell responses. These findings may explain the lower efficacy and shorter duration of protection afforded by OCV in young children.
Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI.Clin Vaccine Immunol.2012 Aug;19(8):1304-11. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00196-12. Epub 2012 Jun 27.
Young children, older children, and adults develop comparable levels and durations of immunity following cholera. In comparison, young children receiving oral killed cholera vaccines (OCV) develop a lower level and shorter duration of protection than those of older children and adults. The reasons f
PMID 22739692

Memory B cell responses to Vibrio cholerae O1 lipopolysaccharide are associated with protection against infection from household contacts of patients with cholera in Bangladesh.

Patel SM1, Rahman MA, Mohasin M, Riyadh MA, Leung DT, Alam MM, Chowdhury F, Khan AI, Weil AA, Aktar A, Nazim M, LaRocque RC, Ryan ET, Calderwood SB, Qadri F, Harris JB.Author information 1International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.AbstractVibrio cholerae O1 causes cholera, a dehydrating diarrheal disease. We have previously shown that V. cholerae-specific memory B cell responses develop after cholera infection, and we hypothesize that these mediate long-term protective immunity against cholera. We prospectively followed household contacts of cholera patients to determine whether the presence of circulating V. cholerae O1 antigen-specific memory B cells on enrollment was associated with protection against V. cholerae infection over a 30-day period. Two hundred thirty-six household contacts of 122 index patients with cholera were enrolled. The presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-specific IgG memory B cells in peripheral blood on study entry was associated with a 68% decrease in the risk of infection in household contacts (P = 0.032). No protection was associated with cholera toxin B subunit (CtxB)-specific memory B cells or IgA memory B cells specific to LPS. These results suggest that LPS-specific IgG memory B cells may be important in protection against infection with V. cholerae O1.
Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI.Clin Vaccine Immunol.2012 Jun;19(6):842-8. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00037-12. Epub 2012 Apr 18.
Vibrio cholerae O1 causes cholera, a dehydrating diarrheal disease. We have previously shown that V. cholerae-specific memory B cell responses develop after cholera infection, and we hypothesize that these mediate long-term protective immunity against cholera. We prospectively followed household con
PMID 22518009

Japanese Journal

Comparison of Protective Effects with Tetra-Valent Glycolipid Antigens and Whole Cell-Inactivated Vaccine in Experimental Infection of Leptospira

MASUZAWA Toshiyuki,SUZUKI Ryoma,YANAGIHARA Yasutake
MICROBIOLOGY and IMMUNOLOGY 35(3), 199-208, 1991
… The tetra-valent formalin-inactivated leptospiral vaccine (Weil's disease and Akiyami combined vaccine) composed of the four serovars mentioned are used as vaccine to protect human from leptospiral infection in Japan. … These results suggested that the tetra-valent PAgs might be useful as a component vaccine against leptospiral infection instead of formalized whole cells vaccines for human. …
NAID 130003483756