TLR10

• Toll様受容体10

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Toll-like receptor 10

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/08/01 16:03:33」(JST)

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TLR10
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2J67
Identifiers
Aliases	TLR10, CD290, toll like receptor 10
External IDs	OMIM: 606270 HomoloGene: 12809 GeneCards: TLR10
Gene ontology Molecular function • transmembrane signaling receptor activity Cellular component • integral component of membrane • plasma membrane • membrane • integral component of plasma membrane Biological process • toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway • regulation of cytokine secretion • inflammatory response • positive regulation of inflammatory response • MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway • signal transduction • immune system process • innate immune response • toll-like receptor signaling pathway • immune response Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	81793	n/a
Ensembl	ENSG00000174123	n/a
UniProt	Q9BXR5	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001017388 NM_001195106 NM_001195107 NM_001195108 NM_030956	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001017388 NP_001182035 NP_001182036 NP_001182037 NP_112218	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 4: 38.77 – 38.78 Mb	n/a
PubMed search		n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Toll-like receptor 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR10 gene. TLR10 has also been designated as CD290 (cluster of differentiation 290). TLR10 has not been extensively studies because it is a pseudogene in mice, though all other mammalian species contain an intact copy of the TLR10 gene. Unlike other TLRs, TLR10 does not activate the immune system and has instead been shown to suppress inflammatory signaling on primary human cells. This makes TLR10 unique among the TLR family. No known ligand is currently known for TLR10.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family which play a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity.

TLR10 is unique among the TLR family in having an anti-inflammatory function, rather than a pro-inflammatory function similar to the other TLR family members. This was discovered by over-expressing TLR10 in human cell lines and using antibody-mediated engagement of the receptor on primary human cells. When TLR10 is activated in this manner, it suppresses the amount of cytokines produced, as compared to control cells. TLR10 engagement also has long-term effects on monocyte and B cell activation/differentiation by suppressing the transcription of activation markers. TLR10's mechanism of action is not yet known but activation of the receptor has been shown to suppress NF-κB, MAP kinase and Akt signaling events stimulated by TLR and CD40 ligands. Currently, no ligand has been identified for this receptor.

Expression

TLR10 has been transcriptionally shown to be expressed in secondary lymphoid tissues such as the spleen, lymph nodes and tonsils. More specifically, protein level expression of TLR10 has been shown on the surface of B cells, monocytes and neutrophils; but not on T cells. Monocytes have the highest expression of TLR10 among these cell types but the overall expression of TLR10 is low compared to other TLRs. TLR10 has also been shown to be produced intracellularly in neutrophils and B cells differentiating into plasma cells.

Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.

Further reading

• Lien E, Ingalls RR (2002). "Toll-like receptors.". Crit. Care Med. 30 (1 Suppl): S1–11. PMID 11782555. doi:10.1097/00003246-200201001-00001. 

External links

• Toll-Like Receptor 10 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. Toll様受容体：疾患および治療における役割 toll like receptors roles in disease and therapy

English Journal

• Distinct signaling pathways regulate TLR2 co-stimulatory function in human T cells.

• Chapman NM, Bilal MY, Cruz-Orcutt N, Knudson C, Madinaveitia S, Light J, Houtman JC.SourceInterdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
• Cellular signalling.Cell Signal.2013 Mar;25(3):639-50. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.11.026. Epub 2012 Dec 5.
• Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) serves as a co-stimulatory receptor for human T cells by enhancing T cell receptor (TCR)-induced cytokine production and proliferation. However, it is unknown where signals from the TCR and TLR2 converge to enhance T cell activation. To address this gap, we examined chang
• PMID 23219913

• A missense polymorphism (rs11466653, Met326Thr) of toll-like receptor 10 (TLR10) is associated with tumor size of papillary thyroid carcinoma in the Korean population.

• Kim SK, Park HJ, Hong IK, Chung JH, Eun YG.SourceKohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea.
• Endocrine.Endocrine.2013 Feb;43(1):161-9. doi: 10.1007/s12020-012-9783-z. Epub 2012 Nov 3.
• Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important components of innate immune response. The aim of this study was to investigate whether TLR gene cluster (TLR10-TLR1-TLR6) polymorphisms are associated with the etiology of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and its clinicopathologic characteristics. We recruit
• PMID 23124277

• Possible involvement of toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis.

• Wang YZ, Yan M, Tian FF, Zhang JM, Liu Q, Yang H, Zhou WB, Li J.SourceDepartment of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
• Inflammation.Inflammation.2013 Feb;36(1):121-30. doi: 10.1007/s10753-012-9526-6.
• Toll-like receptors (TLRs), the innate immunity components, have been demonstrated to participate in multiple autoimmune diseases. However, our knowledge of the roles of TLRs in myasthenia gravis (MG) is still scarce. In this study, we detected the mRNA expression of TLR1 to TLR10 in peripheral bloo
• PMID 22898741

Japanese Journal

• Tissue-Specific mRNA Expression Profiles of Human Toll-Like Receptors and Related Genes(Biopharmacy)

• NISHIMURA Masuhiro,NAITO Shinsaku
• Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 28(5), 886-892, 2005-05-01
• … TLR2, TLR3, TLR6, and TLR9 were consistently expressed in Hep G2 cells, but TLR1, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR10 showed no or very weak expression in these cells. …
• NAID 10016663487

• The toll-like receptor repertoire of human B lymphocytes : inducible and selective expression of TLR9 and TLR10 in normal and transformed cells

• BOURKE E.
• Blood 102, 956-963, 2003
• NAID 30022496000

Related Links

• Domains & Families for TLR10 Gene - GeneCards - Human ...

Complete information for TLR10 gene (Protein Coding), Toll-Like Receptor 10, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium ... A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya ...

• TLR10 toll-like receptor 10 [ (human)] - National Center for ...

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「Toll様受容体10」「Toll-like receptor 10」
関連記事	「TLR1」

「Toll様受容体10」

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英

Toll-like receptor 10、TLR10

関

Toll様レセプター10

「Toll-like receptor 10」

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Toll様受容体10、Toll様レセプター10

関

TLR10

「TLR1」

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• Toll様受容体1

関

Toll-like receptor 1